Y Pedwarau – Hill Reclassifications
Y Pedwarau are the Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m
in height that have a minimum drop of 30m.
Accompanying the main P30 list are five sub lists; these are the 500m Sub-Pedwar, 500m Double Sub-Pedwar, 400m Sub-Pedwar, 390m Sub-Pedwar and 390m Double Sub-Pedwar category’s, with
their criteria detailed in the respective Change Registers that have been
created and which are linked in their above titles, with the Introduction to this
list being linked in the above title.
The list is co-authored by Myrddyn
Phillips and Aled Williams and the posts that have appeared on Mapping
Mountains detailing the additions, reclassifications and deletions to the main
P30 list and the sub lists appear below presented chronologically in receding
order.
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
THIS HILL HAS SUBSEQUENTLY BEEN
REINSTATED TO PEDWAR STATUS
Esgair Wen (SN 807 664) - Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (35th reclassification)
There has been a reclassification to the listing of the Y Pedwarau with a Pedwar being reclassified to the ranks of 400m Sub-Pedwar by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The 400m Sub-Pedwarau is one of five categories of sub hills that accompany the main Y Pedwarau list, with the criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
The hill is situated in the Elenydd group of hills which is one of the wildest hill ranges in Wales, with its Cardinal Hill being Drygarn Fawr (SN 862 584) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2). The hill is positioned between the Claerwen Reservoir to its east and Llyn Egnant to its west north-west, with any town of size a long way away.
Whatever way one approaches, it is relatively remote for a Welsh hill with access from the north-west probably being the easiest with a track heading due south leaving the end of the minor paved road that culminates to the north of Llyn Egnant. It is approximately 2km from this track to the summit of the hill, and although not great in distance the underfoot conditions are prone to be rough.
The name of the hill is Esgair Wen and prior to the analysis of LIDAR data and its subsequent listing as a 400m Sub-Pedwar it had been listed as a Pedwar with 31m of drop based on its 496m Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer summit spot height and the 465m bwlch spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey enlarged map hosted on the Geograph website.
As Aled was analysing other hills in the vicinity against LIDAR data, he did likewise with Esgair Wen. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Esgair Wen
Summit Height: 494.6m
Summit Height: 494.6m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 80767 66481
Bwlch Height: 464.7m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 80121 66300
Drop: 29.9m
Therefore, the 494.6m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 80767 66481 and the 464.7m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 80121 66300 is insufficient for this hill to retain its Pedwar status, and therefore it is reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.9m of drop, and the list of the Y Pedwarau will be updated accordingly.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Drygarn Fawr
Summit Height: 494.6m (LIDAR data)
Name: Esgair Wen
OS 1:50,000 map: 135, 136, 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 80767 66481
Drop: 29.9m (LIDAR data)
This now brings the overall total for Y Pedwarau to 445 hills with seven additions, and nine reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the Pedwar list and added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar list in forthcoming publications. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site,
The list of additions and reclassifications from the Pedwar list since the 1st edition of Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
PEDWAR ADDITIONS
Pt. 499.5m (converted to OSGM15) (SH 665 310) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 30.3m drop
PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
Pt. 422.3m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 073 822) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.0m drop
Pt. 407.7m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 180 692) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.3m drop
Esgair Wen (LIDAR data) (SN 807 664) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.9m drop
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Banc y Llyn (SN 804 652) - 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (34th reclassification)
There is a new hill joining the ranks of 400m Sub-Pedwarau by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The 400m Sub-Pedwarau is one of five categories of sub hills that accompany the main Y Pedwarau list, with the criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
The hill is situated in the Elenydd group of hills which is one of the wildest hill ranges in Wales, with its Cardinal Hill being Drygarn Fawr (SN 862 584) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (B-2). The hill is positioned between the small communities of Pontrhydfendigaid towards the west and the Elan Village towards the east, and is situated above Llyn Gynon which is to its south-west.
Whatever way one approaches, it is relatively remote for a Welsh hill with access from the west probably being the easiest with a track leaving the paved road that heads east from the ruins of Strata Florida Abbey toward the old farm house of Garreglwyd, from here the going will be rough with the prospect of it also being wet as whatever way one approaches the hill at least one stream has to be negotiated, with the hill positioned with wetlands to its immediate north and streams feeding toward Llyn Gynon to its west and east and the lake toward the south.
The name of the hill is Banc y Llyn and prior to the analysis of LIDAR data and its subsequent listing as a 400m Sub-Pedwar it has been listed as a Pellennig hill (Y Pellennig – the Remotest Hills of Wales [Mapping Mountains Publications July 2016]) with c 19m of drop based on its 474m summit spot height on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated bwlch height of c 455m based on bwlch contouring between 450m – 460m.
As Aled was analysing other hills in the vicinity against LIDAR data, he did likewise with Banc y Llyn. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Banc y Llyn
Summit Height: 473.3m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 80496 65235
Bwlch Height: 452.0m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 80496 65235
Bwlch Height: 452.0m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 80404 65691
Drop: 21.7m
Therefore, the 473.7m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 80496 65235 and the 452.0m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 80404 65691 is sufficient for this hill to be classified as a 400m Sub-Pedwar with 21.7m of drop, and therefore Banc y Llyn is included in the listing of 400m Sub-Pedwar hills and the list of the Y Pedwarau will be updated accordingly. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Drygarn Fawr
Summit Height: 473.7m (LIDAR data) 5
Name: Banc y Llyn
OS 1:50,000 map: 135, 136, 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 80496 65235
Drop: 21.7m (LIDAR data)
The list of additions, reclassifications and deletions from the 400m Sub-Pedwar list since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
SUB-PEDWAR ADDITIONS
Banc y Llyn (LIDAR data) (SN 804 652) 21.7m drop
Pt. 422.3m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 073 822) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.0m drop
Pt. 407.7m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 180 692) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.3m drop
SUB-PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
Pt. 499.5m (converted to OSGM15) (SH 665 310) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 30.3m drop
SUB-PEDWAR DELETIONS
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (February 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 391.9m (SN 998 433) - 390m Double Sub-Pedwar deletion (33rd reclassification)
There has been a deletion of a 390m Double Sub-Pedwar by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The 390m Double Sub-Pedwarau is one of three categories of sub hills that accompany the main Y Pedwarau list, with the criteria for 390m Double Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 390m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
 |
| LIDAR image of 391.9m (SN 998 433) |
The hill is situated in the group of hills known as Mynydd Epynt with its Cardinal Hill being Mynydd Epynt (SN 961 464) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (B-2). The hill is positioned between the small communities of Upper Chapel to the south south-east and Garth to the north-west, and can be easily accessed from the B 4519 road which is just to its west, however the hill is positioned within the Sennybridge Training Area and any prospective visitors should be aware of the access restrictions that apply.
As the authors do not know a local or an historical name for this hill it is being listed by the point (Pt. 391.9m) notation, the hill had been added to the Y Pedwarau sub list of 390m Double Sub-Pedwarau after the Europeaklist booklet was published in May 2013 and its inclusion in this sub category was reported on the Mapping Mountains site. It was included in this sub category with a 393m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated bwlch height of c 373m based on bwlch contouring between 370m – 380m, with these values giving this hill the minimum qualifying drop of c 20m.
Since this hill’s inclusion in the 390m Double Sub-Pedwar category Aled has analysed this hill’s credentials against LIDAR data. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Pt. 391.9m
Summit Height: 391.9m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 99803 43305
Bwlch Height: 372.0m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 99999 43777
Drop: 19.9m
Therefore, the 391.9m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 99803 43305 and the 372.0m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 99999 43777 which gives this hill 19.9m of drop is insufficient for this hill to retain its 390m Double Sub-Pedwar status as its drop is below the minimum of 20m.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Mynydd Epynt
Summit Height: 391.9m (LIDAR)
Name: Pt. 391.9m
OS 1:50,000 map: 147, 160
Summit Grid Reference: SN 99803 43305 (LIDAR)
Drop: 19.9m (LIDAR)
This now brings the overall total for the 390m Double Sub-Pedwarau to 26 hills with 13 additions and three deletions to this sub category of hill since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the 390m Double Sub-Pedwar list in forthcoming publications of the Y Pedwarau. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site.
The additions, reclassifications and deletions to the 390m Double Sub-Pedwarau since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
390m DOUBLE SUB-PEDWAR ADDITIONS
390m DOUBLE SUB-PEDWAR DELETIONS
Pt. 391.9m (LIDAR data) (SN 998 433) 391.9m summit and 19.9m drop
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (January 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
The two tops of Cefn
Bach have now been surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000, resulting in:
Surveyed on 18.08.15:
389.392m at SO 00293 37291
Surveyed on 30.12.18: 389.391m at SO 00470 38742
Cefn Bach (SO 004 387) - 390m Double Sub-Pedwar deletion (32nd reclassification)
There has been a deletion of a 390m Double Sub-Pedwar by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The 390m Double Sub-Pedwarau is one of three categories of sub hills that accompany the main Y Pedwarau list, with the criteria for 390m Double Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 390m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
The hill is situated in the group of hills known as Mynydd Epynt with its Cardinal Hill being Mynydd Epynt (SN 961 464) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (B-2). The hill is positioned between the small communities of Upper Chapel to the north, Lower Chapel to the south-east and Merthyr Cynog to the south-west, and between the river valleys of the Ysgir Fawr to the west and the Honddu to the east. A narrow lane passes to the north of this hill and a public footpath leads from this to just below the summit.
The name of the hill is Cefn Bach and it had been listed in the Y Pedwarau Europeaklist booklet with c 22m of drop based on its 391m summit spot height at SO 00375 38722 and an estimated bwlch height of c 369m based on bwlch contouring between 360m – 370m. This hill was listed as a 390m Double Sub-Pedwar in deference to its 391m map heighted twin summit which was listed as the 390m Sub-Pedwar with its 391m spot height at SO 00284 37297, these two hills are aligned in a north – south direction, with the southerly hill being listed with 55m of drop based on a 336m bwlch spot height.
Since the Europeaklist publication of the Y Pedwarau the southerly of these two 391m map heighted hills has been surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 resulting in a 389.4m (converted to OSGM15) summit height at SO 00293 37291 and a 335.0m (converted to OSGM15) bwlch height at SO 00287 36949. However, the northerly summit remained un-Trimbled and the relative height of each summit was only ascertained from analysis of LIDAR data.
As Aled was analysing other hills in the vicinity against LIDAR data, he did likewise with the two Cefn Bach hills. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Cefn Bach
Summit Height: 389.2m
Summit Grid Reference: SO 00471 38745
Bwlch Height: 368.9m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SO 00075 38322
Drop: 20.3m
Therefore, the 389.2m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SO 00471 38745 and the 368.9m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SO 00075 38322 is insufficient for this hill to retain its 390m Double Sub-Pedwar status as its summit is below the required height threshold.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Mynydd Epynt
Summit Height: 389.2m (LIDAR data)
Name: Cefn Bach
OS 1:50,000 map: 160
Summit Grid Reference: SO 00471 38745
Drop: 20.3m (LIDAR data)
This now brings the overall total for the 390m Double Sub-Pedwarau to 27 hills with 13 additions and two deletions to this sub category of hill since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the 390m Double Sub-Pedwar list in forthcoming publications of the Y Pedwarau. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site.
The additions, reclassifications and deletions to the 390m Double Sub-Pedwarau since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
390m DOUBLE SUB-PEDWAR ADDITIONS
390m DOUBLE SUB-PEDWAR DELETIONS
Cefn Bach (SO 004 387) 389.2m summit and 20.3m drop
 |
| Cefn Bach (SO 004 387) the deleted 390m Double Sub-Pedwar |
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (January 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
The two tops of Cefn
Bach have now been surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000, resulting in:
Surveyed on 18.08.15:
389.392m at SO 00293 37291
Surveyed on 30.12.18: 389.391m at SO 00470 38742
With 1mm difference in
height the Trimble is unable to split these summits, therefore they remain
deleted from 390m Sub-Pedwar status and are reinstated as twin Trichant tops, the
post below remains as originally written for historic merit.
Cefn Bach (SO 002 372) - 390m Sub-Pedwar deletion (31st reclassification)
1st Survey post for Cefn Bach
2nd Survey post for Cefn Bach
There has been a deletion of a 390m Sub-Pedwar by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The 390m Sub-Pedwarau is one of three categories of sub hills that accompany the main Y Pedwarau list, with the criteria for 390m Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 390m and below 400m in height with a minimum 30m of drop.
The hill is situated in the group of hills known as Mynydd Epynt with its Cardinal Hill being Mynydd Epynt (SN 961 464) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (B-2). The hill is positioned between the small communities of Lower Chapel to the east south-east and Merthyr Cynog to the west, and between the river valleys of the Ysgir Fawr to the west and the Honddu to the east. A narrow lane passes just to the south of this hill’s summit and one car can be parked beside it at its high point, this affords easy access toward the summit on a public footpath.
The name of the hill is Cefn Bach and it had been listed in the Y Pedwarau Europeaklist booklet with 55m of drop based on its 391m summit spot height at SO 00284 37297 and the 336m bwlch spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map. This hill was prioritised as a 390m Sub-Pedwar in preference to its 391m map heighted twin summit which was listed as the 390m Double Sub-Pedwar with its 391m spot height at SO 00375 38722, these two hills are aligned in a north – south direction, with the northerly hill being listed with c 22m of drop based on an estimated bwlch height between the two hills of c 369m.
Since the Europeaklist publication of the Y Pedwarau the southerly of these two 391m map heighted hills has been surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 resulting in a 389.4m (converted to OSGM15) summit height at SO 00293 37291 and a 335.0m (converted to OSGM15) bwlch height at SO 00287 36949.
As Aled was analysing other hills in the vicinity against LIDAR data, he did likewise with the two Cefn Bach hills. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Cefn Bach
Summit Height: 389.4m
Summit Grid Reference: SO 00293 37291
Bwlch Height: 335.0m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SO 00293 36953
Drop: 54.4m
Therefore, the 389.4m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SO 00293 37291 and the 335.0m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SO 00293 36953 when coupled with the LIDAR data confirming that the northerly Cefn Bach summit at SO 00471 38745 is 389.2m high and therefore lower than its southerly adjacent hill, is sufficient for this hill to be deleted from the ranks of 390m Sub-Pedwarau as its summit is below the height threshold.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Mynydd Epynt
Summit Height: 389.4m (converted to OSGM15) (Trimble and LIDAR data)
Name: Cefn Bach
OS 1:50,000 map: 160
Summit Grid Reference: SO 00293 37291
Drop: 54.4m (Trimble and LIDAR data)
This now brings the overall total for the 390m Sub-Pedwarau to 37 hills with two deletions to this sub category of hill since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the 390m Sub-Pedwar list in forthcoming publications of the Y Pedwarau. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site.
The additions, reclassifications and deletions to the 390m Sub-Pedwarau since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
390m SUB-PEDWAR DELETIONS
Cefn Bach (SO 002 372) (Trimble and LIDAR data) deleted as 389.4m summit too low
 |
| Cefn Bach (SO 002 372) the deleted 390m Sub-Pedwar |
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (January 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Lan (SO 052 391) - 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar (30th reclassification)
There has been a reclassification to the listing of the Y Pedwarau with a 400m Sub-Pedwar being promoted to the ranks of Pedwar by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau are all hills in Wales at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum drop of 30m.
The hill is situated in the Mynydd Epynt group of hills and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (B-2). The hill is positioned between the small communities of Lower Chapel to the south south-west and Erwyd (Erwood) to the north-east, and the summit area of the hill is covered in the Brycheiniog Forest conifer plantation with the nearest forest track to the summit being to the north, this track ascends the hill from the small community of Llaneglwys to the east south-east and contours around the hill’s eastern slopes before heading northward of its summit.
The name of the hill is Lan and this was found on the Tithe map from research conducted by Aled Williams, the hill was previously listed as a 400m Sub-Pedwar with c 29m of drop based on an estimated summit height of c 407m and an estimated bwlch height taken from contour interpolation of c 378m.
As Aled was analysing other hills in the vicinity against LIDAR data, he did likewise with Lan. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Lan
Summit Height: 413.6m
Summit Grid Reference: SO 05243 39144
Bwlch Height: 377.0m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SO 04871 39392
Drop: 36.6m
Therefore, the 413.6m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SO 05243 39144 and the 377.0m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SO 04871 39392 is sufficient for this hill to be reclassified to a Pedwar with 36.6m of drop, and therefore Lan is included in the listing of the Y Pedwarau and the list will be updated accordingly.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Mynydd Epynt
Summit Height: 413.6m (LIDAR data)
Name: Lan
OS 1:50,000 map: 160
Summit Grid Reference: SO 05243 39144
Drop: 36.6m (LIDAR data)
This now brings the overall total for the Y Pedwarau to 446 hills with seven additions, and eight reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the 400m Sub-Pedwar list and added to the main list in forthcoming publications. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site.
The list of additions and reclassifications from the Pedwar list since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
PEDWAR ADDITIONS
Pt. 499.5m (converted to OSGM15) (SH 665 310) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 30.3m drop
Lan (LIDAR data) (SO 052 391) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 36.6m drop
PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
Pt. 422.3m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 073 822) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.0m drop
Pt. 407.7m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 180 692) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.3m drop
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (December 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 408.4m (SO 186 070) - 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (29th reclassification)
There has been a new 400m Sub-Pedwar added to the list of the Y Pedwarau by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The 400m Sub-Pedwarau are the Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with a drop between 20m and below 30m.
The hill is situated in the group of hills known as the Y Cymoedd with its Cardinal Hill being Mynydd Carn y Cefn (SO 187 085) and is placed in the Region of South Wales (C-2). The hill is positioned above the small community of Waunlwyd to its west and the small town of Blaenau to its east north-east, and can be easily accessed from a track to its south.
As the authors have not confirmed a locally known name for the hill we are following the point (Pt. 408.4m) notation principal and listing it as Pt. 408.4m, and prior to the analysis of LIDAR data the hill was not included in any hill list as the map details for it are blank, this is because the hill is a part of old mine workings and the result of waste spoil.
As Aled was analysing other hills in the vicinity against LIDAR data, he did likewise with Pt. 408.4m. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Pt. 408.4m
Summit Height: 408.4m
Summit Grid Reference: SO 18603 07087
Bwlch Height: 386.4m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SO 18464 07321
Therefore, the 408.4m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SO 18603 07087 and the 386.4m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SO 18464 07321 is sufficient for this hill to be classified as a 400m Sub-Pedwar with 22.0m of drop, and therefore Pt. 408.4m is included in the listing of 400m Sub-Pedwar hills and the list of the Y Pedwarau will be updated accordingly. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Mynydd Carn y Cefn
Summit Height: 408.4m (LIDAR data)
Name: Pt. 408.4m
OS 1:50,000 map: 161
Summit Grid Reference: SO 18603 07087
Drop: 22.0m (LIDAR data)
The list of additions, reclassifications and deletions from the 400m Sub-Pedwar list since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
400m SUB-PEDWAR ADDITIONS
Pt. 408.4m (LIDAR data) (SO 186 070) 22.0m drop
Pt. 422.3m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 073 822) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.0m drop
Pt. 407.7m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 180 692) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.3m drop
400m SUB-PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
Pt. 499.5m (converted to OSGM15) (SH 665 310) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 30.3m drop
400m SUB-PEDWAR DELETIONS
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 408.0m, Hirfynydd (SN 822 051) - 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (28th reclassification)
There has been a deletion of a 400m Sub-Pedwar by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The 400m Sub-Pedwarau are the Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with a drop between 20m and below 30m.
The hill is connected to the Fforest Fawr group of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Hirfynydd (SN 839 076) and is placed in the Region of South Wales (C-2). The hill is positioned above the villages of Y Creunant (Crynant) in Cwm Dulais (Dulais Valley) to its west and Resolfen (Resolven) in Cwm Nedd (Vale of Neath) to its south, and is best ascended via Sarn Helen; the ancient Roman Road that follows the ridge crest toward the higher connecting hill of Hirfynydd.
As the authors do not know an individual name for the hill we are following the extended point (Pt. 408.0m) notation principal and listing it as Pt. 408.0m, Hirfynydd, and prior to the analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with c 20m of drop based on a 408m summit spot height on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated bwlch height from contour interpolation of c 388m.
As Aled was analysing other hills in the vicinity against LIDAR data, he did likewise with Pt. 408.0m, Hirfynydd. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Pt. 408.0m, Hirfynydd
Summit Height: 408.0m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 82213 05117
Bwlch Height: 389.5m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 82356 05671
Drop: 18.5m
Therefore, the 408.0m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 82213 05117 and the 389.5m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 82356 05671 is insufficient for this hill to retain its 400m Sub-Pedwar status with only 18.5m of drop, and therefore Pt. 408m, Hirfynydd is deleted from the listing of 400m Sub-Pedwar hills and the list of the Y Pedwarau will be updated accordingly. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Hirfynydd
Summit Height: 408.0m (LIDAR data)
Name: Pt. 408m, Hirfynydd
OS 1:50,000 map: 160
Summit Grid Reference: SN 82213 05117
Drop: 18.5m (LIDAR data)
The list of additions, reclassifications and deletions from the 400m Sub-Pedwar list since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
400m SUB-PEDWAR ADDITIONS
Pt. 422.3m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 073 822) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.0m drop
Pt. 407.7m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 180 692) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.3m drop
400m SUB-PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
Pt. 499.5m (converted to OSGM15) (SH 665 310) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 30.3m drop
400m SUB-PEDWAR DELETIONS
Pt. 408.0m, Hirfynydd (LIDAR data) (SN 822 051) 18.5m drop
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (December 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Craig Rhiw Berfa (SS 945 906) - 390m Double Sub-Pedwar deletion (27th reclassification)
Craig Rhiw Berfa (SS 945 906) - 390m Double Sub-Pedwar deletion (27th reclassification)
There has been a deletion from the 390m Double Sub-Pedwar list by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The 390m Double Sub-Pedwarau are the hills at or above 390m and below 400m in height with a drop between 20m and below 30m, with the 390m Sub-Pedwarau being the hills within the same height band and with a minimum 30m of drop.
The hill is situated in the group of hills known as the Y Cymoedd with its Cardinal Hill being Werfa (SS 912 947) and is placed in the Region of South Wales (C-2). The hill is positioned between the village of Cwm Ogwr (Ogmore Vale) in the valley of Cwm Ogwr Fawr to its west and the village of Gilfach Goch in the valley of Cwm Ogwr Fach to its east south-east, and it can be accessed from the west on a track that follows the course of the Nant Cwm-y-fuwch before the upper northerly slopes of the hill are ascended.
The name of the hill is Craig Rhiw Berfa and it was listed as a 390m Double Sub-Pedwar with a drop of c 21m based on the 399m summit spot height and a bwlch height of c 378m estimated from contour interpolation on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map. The hill was not included in the May 2013 Europeaklist publication and was later added via an announcement on the Mapping Mountains site on 28.02.14.
As Aled was analysing other hills in the vicinity against LIDAR data, he did likewise with Craig Rhiw Berfa. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Craig Rhiw Berfa
Summit Height: 397.2m
Summit Grid Reference: SS 94593 90610
Bwlch Height: 378.4m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SS 94961 90750
Drop: 18.8m
Therefore, the 397.2m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SS 94593 90610 and the 378.4m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SS 94961 90750 is insufficient for this hill to retain its 390m Double Sub-Pedwar status as it only has 18.8m of drop, and therefore Craig Rhiw Berfa is taken out of the listing of 390m Double Sub-Pedwar hills and the list will be updated accordingly.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Werfa
Summit Height: 397.2m (LIDAR data)
Name: Craig Rhiw Berfa
OS 1:50,000 map: 170
Summit Grid Reference: SS 94593 90610
Drop: 18.8m (LIDAR data)
Therefore, Craig Rhiw Berfa is the first hill to be deleted from the 390m Double Sub-Pedwar listing from analysis of LIDAR data and the list of Y Pedwarau will be updated accordingly. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet (January 2014) website and amendments to the list since this publication have been subsequently reported on the Mapping Mountains site.
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (December 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Cefn Bach (SO 208 038) - 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (26th reclassification)
There has been a new 400m Sub-Pedwar added to the list by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The 400m Sub-Pedwarau are the Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with a drop between 20m and below 30m.
The hill is situated in the group of hills known as the Y Cymoedd with its Cardinal Hill being Mynydd Carn y Cefn (SO 187 085) and is placed in the Region of South Wales (C-2). The hill is positioned above the town of Abertyleri (Abertillery) to its east and between the river valleys of the Afon Ebwy (Ebbw River) to the west and the Afon Ebwy Fach (Ebbw Fach River) to the east, and can be easily accessed from a track from its south, and from the continuation of the track from the west.
The name of the hill is Cefn Bach and prior to the analysis of LIDAR data the hill was catalogued as having only 7m of drop based on a 416m summit spot height at SO 20738 04263 and a 409m bwlch spot height at SO 20369 04523, with the latter spot height appearing on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping on the Geograph website. The contouring near the area of the bwlch is different between the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and the enlarged Geograph map and the summit position indicated by LIDAR is on the edge of the uppermost contour on current 1:25,000 maps, with the contouring disappearing at this same position on the enlarged Geograph map, indicating that the present day summit is the relic of mine spoil, this is confirmed when analysing older maps.
As Aled was analysing other hills in the vicinity against LIDAR data, he did likewise with Cefn Bach. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Cefn Bach
Summit Height: 427.2m
Summit Grid Reference: SO 20819 03887
Bwlch Height: 406.2m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SO 20893 03917
Drop: 21.0m
Therefore, the 427.2m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SO 20819 03887 and the 406.2m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SO 20893 03917 is sufficient for this hill to be reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar with 21.0m of drop, and therefore Cefn Bach is included in the listing of 400m Sub-Pedwar hills and the list of Y Pedwarau will be updated accordingly. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Mynydd Carn y Cefn
Summit Height: 427.2m (LIDAR data)
Name: Cefn Bach
OS 1:50,000 map: 171
Summit Grid Reference: SO 20819 03887
Drop: 21.0m (LIDAR data)
The list of additions, reclassifications and deletions from the 400m Sub-Pedwar list since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
400m SUB-PEDWAR ADDITIONS
Cefn Bach (LIDAR data) (SO 208 038) 21.0m drop
Pt. 422.3m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 073 822) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.0m drop
Pt. 407.7m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 180 692) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.3m drop
400m SUB-PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
Pt. 499.5m (converted to OSGM15) (SH 665 310) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 30.3m drop
400m SUB-PEDWAR DELETIONS
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (December 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Twyn Disgwylfa (SS 995 959) - Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (25th reclassification)
There has been a change to the listing of the Y Pedwarau with a Pedwar being reclassified to the ranks of 400m Sub-Pedwar by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The Y Pedwarau are all hills in Wales at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum drop of 30m.
The hill is situated in the group of hills known as the Y Cymoedd with its Cardinal Hill being Craig y Llyn (SS 995 959) and is placed in the Region of South Wales (C-2). The hill is positioned between the small town of Ferndale in Cwm Rhondda (Rhondda Valley) to its north north-east and the village of Ystrad in Cwm Rhondda Fawr (Rhondda Fawr Valley) to its south-west, and it can be easily accessed from the upper reaches of Penrhys to the south-east using a track until open hillside takes you to the summit.
The name of the hill is Twyn Disgwylfa and it was listed as a Pedwar based on the 429m summit spot height and the 399m spot height on the area of the bwlch on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website which also has an unusually spelt typo for the name of this hill; Twyn Diogisylfa, these values gave the hill the minimum qualifying drop value of 30m. Whereas the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map has a 429m summit spot height and a 397m spot height on the area of the bwlch.
As Aled was analysing other hills in the vicinity against LIDAR data, he did likewise with Twyn Disgwylfa. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Twyn Disgwylfa
Summit Height: 428.1m
Summit Grid Reference: SS 99572 95976
Bwlch Height: 399.3m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SS 99239 96220
Drop: 28.8m
Therefore, the 428.1m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SS 99572 95976 and the 399.3m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SS 99239 96220 is sufficient for this hill to be reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.8m of drop, and therefore Twyn Disgwylfa is taken out of the listing of the Y Pedwarau and the list will be updated accordingly.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Craig y Llyn
Summit Height: 428.1m (LIDAR data)
Name: Twyn Disgwylfa
OS 1:50,000 map: 170
Summit Grid Reference: SS 99572 95976
Drop: 28.8m (LIDAR data)
This now brings the overall total for the Y Pedwarau to 445 hills with six additions, and eight reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the Pedwar list and added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar list in forthcoming publications. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site.
The list of additions and reclassifications from the Pedwar list since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
PEDWAR ADDITIONS
Pt. 499.5m (converted to OSGM15) (SH 665 310) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 30.3m drop
PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
Pt. 422.3m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 073 822) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.0m drop
Pt. 407.7m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 180 692) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.3m drop
Twyn Disgwylfa (LIDAR data) (SS 995 959) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.8m drop
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (December 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 415.6m (SO 243 011) - 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar (24th reclassification)
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau with a 400m Sub-Pedwar being promoted to the ranks of Pedwar by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau are all hills in Wales at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum drop of 30m. The hill was first analysed with LIDAR data by Joseph Nuttall who on my request had looked at this hill and sent the details to me. Independent of this, Aled also analysed LIDAR data using a slightly different method and confirmed this hill’s inclusion.
The hill is situated in the group of hills known as the Y Cymoedd with its Cardinal Hill being Mynydd Coety (SO 231 079) and is placed in the Region of South Wales (C2). The hill is positioned between the towns of Pont-y-pŵl (Pontypool) to its east and Abertyleri (Abrtillery) to its north north-west, with its summit positioned above the head of the valleys comprising the Nant Ffrwd-oer and the Nant y Caws. The hill can be accessed from the Blaen-y-cwm Road to its south-west where a track leads round the south, east and then north of the summit, the high point of the hill is in a conifer plantation but is not difficult to get to.
As the authors have not found an appropriate name for the hill the Point (Pt. 415.6m) notation is being used. The hill is the relic of mine spoil and is therefore man-made, with old Ordnance Survey maps showing a continuous decline from the summit of the higher adjacent Mynydd Llanhiledd without any contours for where this hill is now found.
The hill was listed as a 400m Sub-Pedwar based on the 416m summit spot height on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website and an interpolated height for the connecting bwlch of c 388m, based on bwlch contouring between 380m – 390m.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Pt. 415.6m
Summit Height: 415.6m
Summit Grid Reference: SO 24354 01195
Bwlch Height: 384.2m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SO 24535 01192
Drop: 31.4m
Therefore, the 415.6m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SO 24354 01195 and the 384.2m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SO 24535 01192 is sufficient for this hill to be included as a Pedwar with 31.4m of drop, and therefore Pt. 415.6m is included in the listing of the Y Pedwarau and the list will be updated accordingly.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Mynydd Coety
Summit Height: 415.6m (LIDAR data)
Name: Pt. 415.6m
OS 1:50,000 map: 171
Summit Grid Reference: SO 24354 01195
Drop: 31.4m (LIDAR data)
This now brings the overall total for the Y Pedwarau to 446 hills with six additions, and seven reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the 400m Sub-Pedwar list and added to the main list in forthcoming publications. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site.
The list of additions and reclassifications from the Pedwar list since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
PEDWAR ADDITIONS
Pt. 499.5m (converted to OSGM15) (SH 665 310) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 30.3m drop
Pt. 415.6m (LIDAR data) (SO 243 011) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 31.4m drop
PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
Pt. 422.3m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 073 822) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.0m drop
Pt. 407.7m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 180 692) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.3m drop
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (December 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Moel Tryfan (SH 517 559) - 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (23rd reclassification)
There has been a new 400m Sub-Pedwar added to the list by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The hill is one that Aled first proposed as a prospective 400m Sub-Pedwar approximately two years ago and it then waited to be Trimbled, but as of now this has not occurred and in the meantime as LIDAR data is proving highly accurate we are using the data that Aled has obtained. The 400m Sub-Pedwarau are the Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with a drop between 20m and below 30m.
The hill is situated in the group of hills known as Moel Hebog with its Cardinal Hill being Mynydd Mawr (SH 539 546) and is placed in the Region of North Wales (A-1). The hill is positioned above the small communities of Nantlle to its south and Groeslon towards its west, and is immediately above the remains of the Moel Tryfan Slate Quarry and the Alexandra Slate Quarry, and can be easily accessed from either a track leading up through the slate spoil from the south or a track from the north-west that contours round the northerly part of the hill before heading toward its summit.
The name of the hill is Moel Tryfan and this name is shared with its higher adjacent summit positioned at SH 515 561 which is 429.0m in height. The hill is of interest as it is only now listed as a 400m Sub-Pedwar through the quarrying activities of past years, as the quarry now separates the 400m Sub-Pedwar from its 429.0m higher adjacent peak which is already listed as a Pedwar. In essence the new 400m Sub-Pedwar consists of a man-made natural summit as the quarrying activity has created two new bylchau and split the summit plateau of Moel Tryfan in two parts.
The current Ordnance Survey map details give this hill an uppermost 400m ring contour that has no spot height and bwlch contours that are not continuous due to the remains of the quarry, and which are either between 380m – 390m or 390m – 400m.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Moel Tryfan
Summit Height: 405.4m
Summit Grid Reference: SH 51781 55927
Bwlch Height: 383.9m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 51523 55909
Drop: 21.5m
With the alternate bwlch position to the north at SH 52022 56309 as 372.9m in height.
Therefore, the 405.4m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SH 51781 55927 and the 383.9m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SH 51523 55909 is sufficient for this hill to be included in the list of 400m Sub-Pedwarau with 21.5m of drop, and therefore Moel Tryfan is included in the listing of 400m Sub-Pedwar hills and the list of the Y Pedwarau will be updated accordingly. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Mynydd Mawr
Summit Height: 405.4m (LIDAR data)
Name: Moel Tryfan
OS 1:50,000 map: 115
Summit Grid Reference: SH 51781 55927
Drop: 21.5m (LIDAR data)
The list of additions, reclassifications and deletions from the 400m Sub-Pedwar list since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
400m SUB-PEDWAR ADDITIONS
Moel Tryfan (LIDAR data) (SH 517 559) 21.5m drop
Pt. 422.3m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 073 822) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.0m drop
Pt. 407.7m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 180 692) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.3m drop
400m SUB-PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
Pt. 499.5m (converted to OSGM15) (SH 665 310) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 30.3m drop
400m SUB-PEDWAR DELETIONS
 |
| Looking across at the man-made northern bwlch with the lower slopes of the new 400m Sub-Pedwar of Moel Tryfan on the right |
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (December 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Moelfre (SH 717 744) - 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (22nd reclassification)
Survey post for Moelfre
Significant Height Revisions post for Moelfre
There has been a deletion of a 400m Sub-Pedwar by analysis of LIDAR data coupled with a previous survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. The hill continued to be listed as a 400m Sub-Pedwar based on a 433.0m (converted to OSGM15) surveyed summit height and an on-site visual inspection of one of two potential positions for this hill’s critical bwlch, this option for the bwlch position was considered lower than the second option for the bwlch position at SH 71909 74471 which was surveyed as being 416.9m (converted to OSGM15) high. Because of this the hill was retained as a 400m Sub-Pedwar with an estimated drop of c 20m. The 400m Sub-Pedwarau are the Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with a drop between 20m and below 30m.
 |
| LIDAR image of Moelfre (SH 717 744) |
The hill is positioned above the towns of Penmaenmawr to its north and Llanfairfechan to its west and can be easily accessed from a green track that continues from the end of a minor lane to the hill’s west, or from its north-west where public footpaths and bridleways lead close to its summit.
The hill’s summit and one prospective position for its bwlch was surveyed in the late evening with Aled Williams and the hill is positioned in the northern Carneddau in north-west Wales. This hill range comprises some of the highest mountains in the country but the evening walk concentrated on some of its 300m and 400m lower hills.
The name of the hill is Moelfre and prior to the survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 the height of the hill was listed as 435m. This height appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer and 1:50,000 Landranger maps and the Ordnance Survey enlarged map on the Geograph website. This 435m height seems to be a recent addition as the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps from 1888 - 1946 have a 1,422ft (433.4m) height, whilst the Ordnance Survey Seventh Series One-Inch map and the Historical 1:25,000 map has 1,423ft (433.7m).
Moelfre was surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 as being 433.0m (converted to OSGM15) high and one of its two bwlch positional options at SH 71909 74471 was surveyed as being 416.9m (converted to OSGM15) high, with the second bwlch positional option at SH 72253 74153 estimated as being c 413m high, which gave this hill c 20m of drop and therefore it retained its status as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
However, since the survey with the Trimble, Aled has analysed the bwlch position via LIDAR data, whose height we had previously estimated from a visual inspection. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales. Analysing LIDAR data gave the following result:
Summit Height: 433.2m
Summit Grid Reference: SH 71735 74416
Bwlch Height: 414.7m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 72254 74153
Drop: 18.5m
The summit data produced by LIDAR is comparable to that produced by the Trimble GeoXH 6000, these are detailed below:
433.2m LIDAR summit height at SH 71735 74416
433.0m (converted to OSGM15) Trimble summit height at SH 71733 74418
Therefore, the 414.7m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SH 72254 74153 that had previously been visually inspected is considered accurate and when coupled with the 433.0m (converted to OSGM15) summit height produced by the Trimble GeoXH 6000 gives this hill 18.3m of drop, which is insufficient for the hill to retain its 400m Sub-Pedwar status, and therefore Moelfre is deleted from the listing of 400m Sub-Pedwar hills and the list of the Y Pedwarau will be updated accordingly. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Tal y Fan
Summit Height: 433.0m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Moelfre
OS 1:50,000 map: 115
Summit Grid Reference: SH 71733 74418
Drop: 18.3m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
The list of additions, reclassifications and deletions from the 400m Sub-Pedwar list since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
400m SUB-PEDWAR ADDITIONS
Pt. 422.3m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 073 822) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.0m drop
Pt. 407.7m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 180 692) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.3m drop
400m SUB-PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
Pt. 499.5m (converted to OSGM15) (SH 665 310) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 30.3m drop
400m SUB-PEDWAR DELETIONS
 |
| Moelfre (SH 717 744) the deleted 400m Sub-Pedwar |
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (December 2016)
Penmaen Mawr (SH 698 755) - 390m Double Sub-Pedwar addition (21st reclassification)
Survey post for Penmaen Mawr
Significant Height Revisions post for Penmaen Mawr
There has been an addition to the 390m Double Sub-Pedwar category due to a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. The hill was not classified prior to the survey with the Trimble, but at one stage in its illustrious career the hill met both Hump and Pedwar criteria as it was given a 1,550ft (472m) map height on the Ordnance Survey Popular and New Popular One-Inch maps, with this height also appearing on the Ordnance Survey Six-Inch map published in 1888.
The hill no longer meets the qualification for these listings as its summit has been quarried and current Ordnance Survey maps only give it an uppermost 370m contour line. However, quarried areas are usually given no contour lines on Ordnance Survey maps indicating that the ground is or has been in flux, and photographic and map study by Aled indicated that the remaining high point was substantially higher than 370m.
The 390m Double Sub-Pedwarau are the hills at or above 390m and below 400m in height with a drop between 20m and below 30m, with the 390m Sub-Pedwarau being the hills within the same height band and with a minimum 30m of drop.
The hill is situated in the northern part of the Carneddau, and has the towns of Llanfairfechan to its west and Penmaenmawr to its east, with the latter taking its name from the hill.
The name of the hill is Penmaen Mawr and it can be easily accessed from a minor road to the south of the summit that reaches over 260m in height, a public footpath heads north from just below the high point of this minor road and joins a bridlewayed track that contours around the southern slopes of the upper section of the hill. A large section of the land above the bridleway is open access and the summit of Penmaen Mawr is close to this.
Therefore, Penmaen Mawr is the first hill to be reclassified to the listing of 390m Double Sub-Pedwar hills due to a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 and the list of the Y Pedwarau will be updated accordingly. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet (January 2014) website and amendments to the list since this publication have been subsequently reported on the Mapping Mountains site.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Carnedd Llywelyn
Summit Height: 390.4m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Penmaen Mawr
OS 1:50,000 map: 115
Summit Grid Reference: SH 69865 75523
Drop: 26.9m (converted to OSGM15)
 |
| Penmaen Mawr (SH 698 755) now confirmed as a 390m Double Sub-Pedwar |
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (July 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 407.7m (SO 180 692) - Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (20th reclassification)
Survey post for Pt. 407.7m
There has been another reclassification of a Pedwar to 400m Sub-Pedwar status by surveying with the Trimble GeoXH 6000, the third within the last month. The hill was listed as a Pedwar due to a basic levelling survey (BLS) that was conducted on the 15th December 2003 by Myrddyn Phillips and listed with the minimum qualifying drop of 30m. It was surveyed with the Trimble on the 8th April 2016 on a fine clear day.
The hill has three potential positions for its bwlch, with only two of these having been surveyed by BLS. All three and its summit were surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. All survey results are given below, and listed from north to south:
Bwlch 1 SO 18847 70099 379.468m (converted to OSGM15) critical bwlch for Pt. 407.7m
Bwlch 2 SO 18397 69858 379.635m (converted to OSGM15) critical bwlch for 394.0m high intermediary bump
Pt. 407.7m summit 407.722m (converted to OSGM15) SO 18077 69277
Bwlch 3 SO 18002 69004 378.278m (converted to OSGM15) critical bwlch for Weston Bank
BLS bwlch 2 to summit 102ft (31.1m) Trimble survey 28.1m
BLS bwlch 3 to summit 98.5ft (30.0m) Trimble survey 29.4m
The critical bwlch for this hill is positioned at Bwlch 1 and gives the hill 28.3m of drop.
The hill is situated in the northern hills of Fforest Glud (Radnor Forest) with its Cardinal Hill being Great Rhos, and is positioned to the north of the A 488 and situated between the small communities of Llanfihangel Rhydithon to its south-west and Llangunllo to its north-east.
The hill is not named on current Ordnance Survey maps and was originally listed by a part invented name of Pen Fraichwen in the Welsh 400m P30 list that was published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website. When this list was duplicated to form the category of Tumps listed by Mark Jackson the name was also unfortunately duplicated. Things have moved on since this time and we are not using invented names for hills, and where no local name or historical name of merit is known we are now using the point (Pt. 407.7m) notation.
The hill can be accessed from southward or northward of its summit where rights of way approach the hill; however the actual summit is not on open access land, so permission to visit should be sought. The hill can be combined with a number of adjacent hills and an extended circuit can be devised from Bleddfa which is situated eastward from the summit.
This now brings the overall total for Y Pedwarau to 445 hills with five additions, and seven reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the main list and added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar list in forthcoming publications. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Great Rhos
Summit Height: 407.7m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Pt. 407.7m
OS 1:50,000 map: 136, 148
Summit Grid Reference: SO 18077 69277
Drop: 28.3m (converted to OSGM15)
The list of additions and reclassifications from the Pedwar list since the 1st edition of Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
PEDWAR ADDITIONS
PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
 |
| Pt. 407.7m (SO 180 692) now reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar |
For details on the survey that reclassified this hill from Pedwar to 400m Sub-Pedwar status please click {here}
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (April 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Moel Fodiar (SH 978 680) - 390m Sub-Pedwar deletion (19th reclassification)
Survey post for Moel Fodiar
There has been a deletion of a 390m Sub-Pedwar by surveying with the Trimble. The hill was listed in this Sub list as it has a 390m spot height at the summit on Ordnance Survey maps, giving the minimum qualifying height for 390m Sub-Pedwar status. The hill has a 273m spot height at its bwlch on the Ordnance Survey enlarged map hosted on the Geograph website, giving it 117m of drop.
The 390m Sub-Pedwarau are the hills at or above 390m and below 400m in height with a minimum 30m of drop, with the 390m Double Sub-Pedwarau being the hills within the same height band and with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
The hill is situated in the northern part of Mynydd Hiraethog, and is positioned to the west of Dinbych (Denbigh) and to the east of the Afon Aled.
The name of the hill is Moel Fodiar and it can be easily accessed from a minor road west of the summit that reaches over 340m in height, the summit can also be approached from the east from a minor road that reaches 310m in height. The upper section of the hill is prescribed as open access and the summit has extensive views.
The summit of the hill has two tumuli aligned west – east from one another, both were surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000, with the higher easterly tumulus having a small cairn on it. The survey results are:
Western tumulus: 389.595m, converted to OSGM15
Eastern tumulus: 389.762m, converted to OSGM15
Therefore, Moel Fodiar is the first hill to be deleted from the listing of 390m Sub-Pedwar hills since publication of the list in May 2013 by Europeaklist, and the list of the Y Pedwarau will be updated accordingly. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Mwdwl Eithin
Summit Height: 389.8m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Moel Fodiar
OS 1:50,000 map: 116
Summit Grid Reference: SH 97828 68002
Drop: 117m
 |
| Moel Fodiar (SH 978 680) now deleted from the 390m Sub-Pedwarau |
For details on the survey that deleted Moel Fodiar from 390m Sub-Pedwar status please click {here}
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (April 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Craig y Garreg Lwyd (SH 730 427) - Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (18th reclassification)
Survey post for Craig y Garreg Lwyd
Significant Height Revisions post for Craig y Garreg Lwyd
There has been another reclassification of a Pedwar to a 400m Sub-Pedwar through a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000, the second within three days of surveying. The hill was listed as a Pedwar as it has a 478m spot height at the summit and a 443m spot height at the bwlch on the Ordnance Survey enlarged map hosted on the Geograph website, with these values giving the hill 35m of drop. This hill was also surveyed by Myrddyn Phillips using a basic levelling method on the 6th January 2004 which resulted in a drop of 99ft (30.2m).
The hill is situated in the land between the high Moelwynion and the wild surrounds of Y Migneint with its Cardinal Hill being Graig Goch, and is positioned to the north of the B 4391 as it makes its way eastward from Llan Ffestiniog to the A 4212 and Llyn Celyn with Y Bala beyond.
The name of the hill is Craig y Garreg Lwyd and it can be accessed from a track either to its south-west, south or south-east. However, the hills surrounding Craig y Garreg Lwyd are well worth visiting and so combining it with its near neighbours is worthwhile.
This now brings the overall total for the Y Pedwarau to 446 hills with five additions, and six reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the main list and added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar list in forthcoming publications. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Graig Goch
Summit Height: 473.4m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Craig y Garreg Lwyd
OS 1:50,000 map: 124
Summit Grid Reference: SH 73044 42742
Drop: 29.9m (converted to OSGM15)
The list of additions and reclassifications from the Pedwar list since the 1st edition of Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
PEDWAR ADDITIONS
PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
 |
| Craig y Garreg Lwyd (SH 730 427) now reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar |
For details on the survey that reclassified this hill from Pedwar to 400m Sub-Pedwar status please click {here}
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (March 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Drysgol (SN 946 744) - Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (17th reclassification)
Survey post for Drysgol
There has been another reclassification of a Pedwar to a 400m Sub-Pedwar by surveying with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 which was conducted by Myrddyn Phillips, and subsequently confirmed via a survey with a Leica GS15 which was conducted by John Barnard and Graham Jackson.
The hill was listed as a Pedwar as it has a 484m spot height at the summit on Ordnance Survey maps and bwlch contouring between 450m – 460m, with the area of the bwlch having been surveyed using a basic levelling method based on the lay of land in relation to the position of a fence junction where a 457m spot height appears on Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps. This basic survey gave the hill a drop of 102ft (31.1m) and although relying on the accuracy of spot heights which have a margin of uncertainty of +/- 3m, it was also judged sufficient to include the hill as a Pedwar as interpolation of bwlch contouring also gave the hill a drop of c 31m based on an estimated c 453m bwlch height.
The hill is situated in the southern part of the Pegwn Mawr range of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Garreg Lwyd, and is positioned on the eastern side of the A 470 as it makes its way from Llangurig southward to Rhaeadr Gwy (Rhayader). The hill was surveyed on a grey and drizzly day in the company of Fergal Hingerty who had suggested meeting up to bag Pedwarau to add to his ever increasing total.
The name of the hill is Drysgol and it can be accessed from a track to its west that leaves the A 470 or from a track to its north-east that leaves a minor lane in the Nant Tawelan valley, another approach to the hill can be made from its south-east following the course of the Marcheini Fawr stream.
This now brings the overall total for the Y Pedwarau to 447 hills with five additions, and five reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the main list and added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar list in forthcoming publications. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Garreg Lwyd
Summit Height: 483.7m (converted to OSGM15, Leica GS15)
Name: Drysgol
OS 1:50,000 map: 136, 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 94626 74408 (Leica GS15)
Drop: 29.6m (Leica GS15)
The list of additions and reclassifications from the Pedwar list since the 1st edition of Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
PEDWAR ADDITIONS
PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
 |
| Drysgol (SN 946 744) now reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar |
For details on the survey that reclassified this hill from Pedwar to 400m Sub-Pedwar status please click {here}
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (March 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Foelas Fechan (SH 854 596) - 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (16th reclassification)
Survey post for Foelas Fechan
There has been a deletion of a 400m Sub-Pedwar by surveying with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. The hill was listed in this Sub list as it has a 417m spot height at the summit on Ordnance Survey maps and bwlch contouring between 390m – 400m, with the critical bwlch having been estimated to be c 397m high, giving the minimum qualifying drop for 400m Sub0-Pedwar status of c 20m.
There are higher hills to its north and to its south, with each connecting bwlch having been estimated as being c 397m high. These bylchau are positioned at; SH 847 601 northerly bwlch connecting to Moel Maelogen (424.4m [converted to OSGM15] high at SH 84843 61341) and SH 848 592 southerly bwlch connecting to Moel Seisiog (467.2m [converted to OSGM15] high at SH 86093 57306).
The hill is situated in the north-western hills of Mynydd Hiraethog, and is positioned to the south-west of the small community of Gwytherin and south-eastward of the town of Llanrwst.
The name of the hill is Foelas Fechan and it can be easily accessed from a minor road that reaches over 400m high and gives immediate access to the hill’s summit. However, these hills deserve greater exploration and for those wanting to visit, the hill can be combined with Ffridd Uchaf (SH 86432 60608) and Moel Maelogen (SH 84843 61341) and forms a good circuit around the upper Afon Derfyn.
Therefore, Foelas Fechan is deleted from the listing of 400m Sub-Pedwar hills and the list of the Y Pedwarau will be updated accordingly. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Mwdwl Eithin
Summit Height: 415.8m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Foelas Fechan
OS 1:50,000 map: 116
Summit Grid Reference: SH 85408 59650
Drop: 18.6m (converted to OSGM15)
The list of additions, reclassifications and deletions from the 400m Sub-Pedwar list since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
SUB-PEDWAR ADDITIONS
SUB-PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
SUB-PEDWAR DELETIONS
 |
| Foelas Fechan (SH 854 596) the deleted 400m Sub-Pedwar |
For details on the survey that deleted Foelas Fechan from 400m Sub-Pedwar status please click {here}
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (February 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Banc Bron Derwgoed (SN 871 987) - Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (15th reclassification)
Survey post for Banc Bron Derwgoed
Summit Relocations post for Banc Bron Derwgoed
There has been another reclassification of a Pedwar to a 400m Sub-Pedwar by surveying with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. The hill is situated in the north-eastern part of the Pumlumon range, and is positioned to the south-west of the small communities of Llan and Bont Dolgadfan.
The hill is named Banc Bron Derwgoed (SN 871 987) and it is given 30m of drop in the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau published by Europeaklist. This drop figure is based on a 30.2m basic levelling survey (BLS) conducted on the 16.10.03 by Myrddyn Phillips. This form of survey has an approximate +/- 2.5m margin of uncertainty applicable to it, and on the same day two other Pedwar hills were also measured using the BLS method, these same hills were also surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 on the same day as Banc Bron Derwgoed. The comparison of results are given below:
Banc Bron Derwgoed: 30.2m (BLS) 27.7m (Trimble)
Llannerch yr Aur: 34.7m (BLS) 34.0m (Trimble)
Bryn y Fedwen: 32.3m (BLS) 31.5m (Trimble)
The hill can be easily accessed from a minor road to the north-west of the summit, however it is recommended to visit this hill during an extended walk and join it with its adjacent hills as the scenery of the northern Pumlumon range is majestic.
The hill was surveyed in the company of Aled Williams who had suggested the walk and is now in mourning as we have lost another Pedwar.
This now brings the overall total for the Y Pedwarau to 448 hills with five additions and four deletions since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the main list and added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar list in the 2nd edition that will hopefully be published by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Foel Fadian
Summit Height: 404.2m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Banc Bron Derwgoed
OS 1:50,000 map: 135, 136
Summit Grid Reference: SN 871 987
Drop: 27.7m (converted to OSGM15)
The list of additions and deletions from the main Pedwar list since the 1st edition of Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
ADDITIONS
DELETIONS
 |
| Banc Bron Derwgoed (SN 871 987) is confirmed as being reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar |
For details on the survey that reclassified this hill from Pedwar to 400m Sub-Pedwar status please click {here}
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (September 2015)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Bryn Serth (SO 148 109) - Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (14th reclassification)
Survey post for Bryn Serth
Significant Height Revisions post for Bryn Serth
Summit Relocations post for Bryn Serth
There has been another reclassification of a Pedwar to a 400m Sub-Pedwar through surveying with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 and which was subsequently confirmed via LIDAR analysis, with the latter conducted by Aled Williams. The hill is situated in the South Wales Cymoedd Gwent range of hills, and is positioned on the northern outskirts of Tredegar beside the A4047 at the head of the Cwm Sirhywi (Sirhowey Valley).
The hill is named Bryn Serth (SO 147 109) and it is given c 34m of drop in the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau published by Europeaklist. This drop figure is based on an estimated c 410m summit height which has a small 410m uppermost contour ring and an estimated bwlch height of c 376m. The area of the bwlch has a 376m spot height on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps but its position was judged not to be at the critical bwlch.
The hill was surveyed in the company of Mark Trengove who had suggested the walk and muttered disillusionment when told that the hill was no longer a Pedwar due to the survey that had taken place, as it brings his total of Pedwarau bagged in Section 32C back down to zero!
This now brings the overall total for the Y Pedwarau to 449 hills with five additions and three deletions since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the main list and added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar list in the 2nd edition planned for publication by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Cymoedd Gwent
Summit Height: 404.0m (LIDAR)
Name: Bryn Serth
OS 1:50,000 map: 161
Summit Grid Reference: SO 14807 10929 (LIDAR)
Drop: 25.8m (LIDAR)
The list of additions and deletions from the main Pedwar list since the 1st edition of Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
ADDITIONS
RECLASSIFICATIONS
 |
| Bryn Serth (SO 148 109) now reclassified from Pedwar to 400m Sub-Pedwar status |
For details on the survey that reclassified this hill from Pedwar to 400m Sub-Pedwar status please click {here}
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (August 2015)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Wenallt (SN 933 571) - Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (13th reclassification)
Survey post for Wenallt
There has been another reclassification of a Pedwar to a 400m Sub-Pedwar by surveying with the Trimble geoXH 6000, the second in a week. The hill is situated in the Elenydd range of hills and is positioned north-west of the B4358 between Newbridge-on-Wye and Beulah. It can easily be accessed on minor roads leading from close to Glandulas (SN 948 531).
The hill is named Wenallt (SN 933 571) and is given 30m of drop on current Ordnance Survey maps, with a 468m spot height at its summit and a 438m spot height at its bwlch, with the latter appearing on the enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph map. The survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 resulted in a 466.4m (converted to OSGM15) summit height and a 438.1m (converted to OSGM15) bwlch height; with these values give the hill 28.3m of drop.
This now brings the overall total for the Y Pedwarau to 450 hills with five additions and two deletions since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the main list and added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar list in the 2nd edition that is planned for publication by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreetwebsite.
This hill is an example where prominence should not dictate all (try saying that if you’re a hill list compiler!), as it is a fine hill which is situated in open moorland and can be combined with its neighbours of Y Garth, Allt y Ddinas, Lan Fawr and Gornoeth to make a worthwhile circuit.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Gorllwyn
Summit Height: 466.4m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Wenallt
OS 1:50,000 map: 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 933 571
Drop: 28.3m (converted to OSGM15)
 |
| Wenallt (SN 933 571) now reclassified from a Pedwar to a 400m Sub-Pedwar |
For details on the survey that reclassified this hill from Pedwar status to 400m Sub-Pedwar status please click {here}
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (May 2015)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 422.3m (SO 073 822) - Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (12th reclassification)
Survey post for Pt. 422.3m
There has been a reclassification of a Pedwar to 400m Sub-Pedwar status by surveying with the Trimble. The hill is situated in the Pegwn Mawr range of hills and is positioned just to the west of the A483 between the small communities of Dolfor and Llaithddu.
The hill appeared under the Pt (point) notation in the 1st edition of Y Pedwarau (Europeaklist 2013) with the moniker of Pt. 424m (SO 073 822) being used.
On current Ordnance Survey maps this hill has a 424m spot height at its summit and a 393m spot height at its bwlch, these values gave the hill 31m of drop. The summit consists of cropped grass with a narrow but elongated conifer plantation just to its north-west, whilst the bwlch has an embankment on it which runs in the hill to hill direction. The Trimble was set up at the base of the embankment as this was judged to be man-made. If not for doing this the overall drop for the hill would be less than that surveyed.
This now brings the overall total for the Y Pedwarau to 451 hills with five additions and one reclasification to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the main list and added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar list in the 2nd edition that is planned for publication by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Pegwn Mawr
Summit Height: 422.3m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Pt. 422.3m
OS 1:50,000 map: 136
Summit Grid Reference: SO 073 822
Drop: 29.0m (converted to OSGM15)
 |
| Pt. 422.3m (SO 073 822) now reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar |
For details on the survey that reclassified this hill from Pedwar to 400m Sub-Pedwar status please click {here}
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (May 2015)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Mynydd Poeth (SH 953 513) - 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar (11th reclassification)
Survey post for Mynydd Poeth
Significant Height Revisions post for Mynydd Poeth
Summit Relocations post for Mynydd Poeth
There has been a reclassification of a 400m Sub-Pedwar to a Pedwar recently discovered by surveying with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. The hill is situated in the Mynydd Hiraethog range and is positioned north of Cerrigydrudion and south of Llyn Brenig.
The hill is named Mynydd Poeth (SH 953 513), and it had two possibilities for the position of its critical bwlch, one to the west and another to its east of its summit, with both leading to higher ground and both with bwlch contouring on Ordnance Survey maps between 380m – 390m.
Mynydd Poeth (417m summit spot height on Ordnance Survey maps) had been listed as a 400m Sub-Pedwar with c 29m of drop based on the critical bwlch being east of the summit at SH 957 509 and with an estimated height of c 388m, with its western bwlch at SH 950 513 having an estimated height of c 387m. The hill is currently listed as a Tump by Mark Jackson with 30m of drop based on its critical bwlch being placed at SH 950 512.
Each bwlch position was surveyed with the following results:
Eastern bwlch: 387.6m (converted to OSGM15) at SH 95707 50953.
Western bwlch: 386.9m (converted to OSGM15) at SH 95069 51315.
Although the estimation of each bwlch height is in good accordance with the survey result produced by the Trimble GeoXH 6000, the hill qualifies for Pedwar status as the known summit height has increased by 2.3m from its 417m map height at SH 95403 51068 to its summit position at SH 95375 51301 which has a height of 419.300m (converted to OSGM15).
This now brings the overall total for the Y Pedwarau to 452 hills with five additions since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be added to the Y Pedwarau list in the 2nd edition that will hopefully be published by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Mwdwl-eithin
Summit Height: 419.3m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Mynydd Poeth
OS 1:50,000 map: 116
Summit Grid Reference: SH 953 513
Drop: 31.7m (converted to OSGM15)
.jpg) |
| Mynydd Poeth (SH 953 513) has now been confirmed as a Pedwar |
For details on the survey that reclassified this hill to Pedwar status please click {here}
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 499.5m (SH 665 310) - 400m Sub Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar (10th reclassification)
Survey post for Pt. 499.5m
There has been a reclassification of a 400m Sub-Pedwar to a Pedwar through surveying with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. The hill is situated in some of the most uncompromising land in Wales as it is positioned on the central ridge of the northern Rhinogydd. This ridge runs from Bwlch Tyddiad and the top of the Roman Steps in the south to the bwlch at the base of Clip beyond the summit of Craig Wion in the north. The hill has been reclassified from 400m Sub-Pedwar status where it was listed with c 27m of drop. The hill is being listed by the point (Pt. 499.5m) notation as at the time of writing the authors do not know either a local or historical name for the hill.
This now brings the overall total for the Y Pedwarau to 451 hills with four additions since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be added to the Y Pedwarau list in the 2nd edition that will hopefully be published by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Y Llethr
Summit Height: 499.5m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Pt. 499.5m
OS 1:50,000 map: 124
Summit Grid Reference: SH 665 310
Drop: 30.3m (converted to OSGM15)
.jpg) |
| Pt. 499.5m (SH 665 310) now reclassified to a Pedwar |
For details on the survey that reclassified this hill to Pedwar status please click {here}
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Derlwyn (SH 588 586) - 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (9th reclassification)
Survey post for Derlwyn
There has been an addition to the 400m Sub-Pedwar category through surveying with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. The hill is named Derlwyn (SH 588 586) and it is situated on the Llanberis ridge of Yr Wyddfa. The summit area is crowned by small outcrops of rock and has fine views southward towards Crib y Ddysgl and Yr Wyddfa and eastward toward the high peaks of the Glyderau.
The hill will be added to the Y Pedwarau list in the 2nd edition that will hopefully be published by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Yr Wyddfa
Summit Height: 416.4m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Derlwyn
OS 1:50,000 map: 115
Summit Grid Reference: SH 588 586
Drop: 20.4m (converted to OSGM15)
.jpg) |
| Derlwyn (SH 588 586) the new 400m Sub-Pedwar |
For details on the survey that promoted this hill to 400m Sub-Pedwar status please click {here}
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Craig y Ganllwyd (SH 707 258) - 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar (8th reclassification)
Survey post for Craig y Ganllwyd
Significant Height Revisions post for Craig y Ganllwyd
There has been a reclassification of a 400m Sub-Pedwar to Pedwar status which has recently been confirmed by surveying with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. The hill is Craig y Ganllwyd (SH 707 258) and it is situated in the hills of the Rhinogydd. The hill has an interesting history for its summit height data, this is detailed below:
Ordnance Survey 1:2,500 map from 1888 – 1889: 1,411ft (430m)
Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 map: c 430m uppermost ring contour
Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 map: c 410m uppermost ring contour
Harvey Maps: 423m spot height
The bwlch contouring for the hill is between c 390m – c 400m with the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website giving a spot height of 397m.
When compiling the Y Pedwarau the hill was listed as a 400m Sub-Pedwar with 26m of drop based on the 397m bwlch spot height and the 423m spot height that appears on the Harvey Map.
The survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 has now determined that this hill has over 30m of prominence and therefore should be included in the Y Pedwarau.
The hill will be added to the Y Pedwarau list in the 2nd edition that will hopefully be published by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Y Llethr
Summit Height: 430.9m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Craig y Ganllwyd
OS 1:50,000 map: 124
Summit Grid Reference: SH 707 258
Drop: 32.9m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
.jpg) |
| Craig y Ganllwyd (SH 707 258) has now been confirmed as a Pedwar |
For details on the survey that reclassified this hill to Pedwar status please click {here}
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (May 2014)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Carreg y Big (SN 902 909) - 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (7th reclassification)
Survey post for Carreg y Big
There has been a deletion of a 400m Sub-Pedwar by surveying with the Trimble. The hill was only listed in this sub category as it has a 394m spot height at the bwlch and a 417m spot height at the summit on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website, with these values giving this hill a drop of 23m. The spot height at the bwlch on the OS map is on a road, and the position of the critical bwlch is higher than this . The name of the hill is Carreg y Big (SN 902 909) and is situated in the Pumlumon range.
The hill will be deleted from the Y Pedwarau list in the 2nd edition that will be hopefully be published by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Foel Fadian
Summit Height: 417.0m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Carreg y Big
OS 1:50,000 map: 136
Summit Grid Reference: SN 902 909
Drop: 19.7m (converted to OSGM15)
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| The Trimble GeoXH 6000 on the summit of Carreg y Big |
For details on the survey that deleted this hill from 400m Sub-Pedwar status please click {here}
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (April 2014)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Bryn Glas (SH 735 420) - 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (6th reclassification)
Survey post for Bryn Glas
There has been a new 400m Sub-Pedwar recently discovered by map study. The hill is situated just to the south of Llyn Morwynion (SH 737 423) amongst those hills that are positioned between the eastern Moelwynion and the north-western Arenig. It’s inclusion as a 400m Sub-Pedwar was later confirmed by a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000.
The name of the hill is Bryn Glas and it was added to the ranks of 400m Sub-Pedwar hills based on the 416m summit spot height on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping on the Geograph website, whilst the c 395m bwlch height has been estimated from contour interpolation, these values gave the hill c 21m of drop. The later Trimble survey resulted in a 415.6m (converted to OSGM15) summit height and a 393.9m (converted to OSGM15) bwlch height, giving this hill 21.7m of drop and confirming its addition as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The hill will be added to the Y Pedwarau list in the 2nd edition that will hopefully be published by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Graig Goch
Summit Height: 415.6m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Bryn Glas
OS 1:50,000 map: 124
Summit Grid Reference: SH 73505 42086
Drop: 21.7m (converted to OSGM15)
 |
| Bryn Glas (SH 735 420) confirmed as a 400m Sub-Pedwar |
For details on the survey that confirmed this hill as a 400m Sub-Pedwar please click {here}
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (April 2014)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Cefn Perfa (SO 173 579) - 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar (5th reclassification)
1st survey post and 2nd survey post for Cefn Perfa
There has been a reclassification of a 400m Sub-Pedwar to a Pedwar which has recently been confirmed by a line survey conducted by John Barnard and Myrddyn Phillips. This survey was prompted by a basic levelling survey conducted in 2003 which gave the hill 97ft / 29.6m of drop. Subsequently the hill has been surveyed using the Trimble GeoXH 6000 resulting in 30.04m of drop, and now it has been surveyed using the Leica GS15 and a second survey by the Trimble GeoXH 6000 resulting in 30.06m and 30.09m of drop respectively. The line survey, which is the most accurate for ascertaining the drop value, determined that the hill has 30.06m of drop and therefore its reclassification to a Pedwar is confirmed. Few 400m hills could have seen so much surveying activity paid to them!
The hill is named Cefn Perfa (SO 173 579) and it is situated in the Fforest Glud range of hills and is positioned on the outskirts of Llanfihangel Nant Melan.
The hill is named Cefn Perfa (SO 173 579) and it is situated in the Fforest Glud range of hills and is positioned on the outskirts of Llanfihangel Nant Melan.
The hill will be added to the Y Pedwarau list in the 2nd edition that will hopefully be published by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Gwaun Ceste
Summit Height: 411.2m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Cefn Perfa
OS 1:50,000 map: 148
Summit Grid Reference: SO 173 579
Drop: 30.1m (line survey)
.jpg) |
| Cefn Perfa (SO 173 579) has now been confirmed as a Pedwar |
For details on the survey that reclassified this hill to Pedwar status please click {here}
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Moelfre (SO 121 759) - 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (4th reclassification)
Survey post for Moelfre
There has been a deletion of a 400m Sub-Pedwar through surveying with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. The hill was only listed in this sub category as it has a 455m spot height on the area of the bwlch on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website when coupled with the 475m summit spot height it gave this hill minimum qualifying drop for Sub status of 20m. The hill is Moelfre (SO 121 759) and it is situated in the Beacon Hill range.
The hill will be deleted from the Y Pedwarau list in the 2nd edition that will hopefully be published by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Gors Lydan
Summit Height: 476.0m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Moelfre
OS 1:50,000 map: 136, 148
Summit Grid Reference: SO 121 759
Drop: 19.8m (converted to OSGM15)
.jpg) |
| The upper slopes of Moelfre from the area of its bwlch |
For details on the survey that deleted this hill from 400m Sub-Pedwar status please click {here}
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Y Garn (SH 758 375) - 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar (3rd reclassification)
Survey post for Y Garn
There has been a reclassification of a 400m Sub-Pedwar to a Pedwar through surveying with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. The hill has a convoluted history of appearing (or not appearing in some cases) in the 400m hills of Wales P30 list. The survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 has now determined that the hill has over 30m of prominence and should be included in the Y Pedwarau. The hill is named Y Garn (SH 758 375) and is situated in the Arenig mountains to the west of Llyn Tryweryn (SH 788 385).
The hill will be added to the Y Pedwarau list in the 2nd edition that will hopefully be published by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Graig Goch
Summit Height: 474.2m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Y Garn
OS 1:50,000 map: 124
Summit Grid Reference: SH 75874 37543
Drop: 30.6m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
.jpg) |
| Y Garn (SH 758 375) now reclassified from a 400m Sub-Pedwar to a Pedwar |
For details on the survey that reclassified this hill to Pedwar status please click {here}
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
390m Double Sub-Pedwarau - additions (2nd reclassification)
Within the publication of the Y Pedwarau (Europeaklist May 2013) there were 16 hills that failed to qualify for the main 400m P30 list by 10 metres or less of height and by ten metres or less of drop. These hills are known as the 390m Double Sub-Pedwar hills. These 16 hills are listed below with the page they appear on in the Europeaklist booklet, height, name, 1:50,000 map number, summit grid reference and drop being detailed.
Page 11 c 393m Pt. c 393m 116 SH 955 525 c 25m
Page 16 395m Pen y Bwlch-coch 124 SH 751 159 26m
Page 19 396m Banc y Gorlan 136 SH 922 037 c 29m
Page 19 394m Allt y Genlli 136 SN 985 950 27m
Page 19 396m Bryn y Gadair 136 SN 956 942 c 22m
Page 20 390m Pen y Gaer 136 SN 908 868 c 26m
Page 20 391m Mynydd Ponterwyd 135 SN 734 813 c 22m
Page 23 395m Birches 136, 148 SO 184 790 c 27m
Page 23 391m Rhos Hill 137, 148 SO 259 695 c 28m
Page 25 395m Dunn’s Rhos 136, 148 SO 177 684 c 26m
Page 26 392m Bryn Mawr 135, 147 SN 773 721 c 24m
Page 26 399m Dyrys Du 147 SN 803 509 c 20m
Page 27 c 394m Banc Melyn 146 SN 547 401 c 28m
Page 28 c 390m Allt y Gest 147 SN 897 528 c 26m
Page 31 391m Pt. 391m, Cefn Bach 160 SO 003 387 c 22m
Page 33 391m Mynydd Maendy 170 SS 962 896 c 23m
Since the publication of the Y Pedwarau by Eurpopeaklist a further 12 390m Double Sub-Pedwar hills have been identified. These hills will appear in the 2nd edition of the Y Pedwarau when hopefully published by Europeaklist, the details for each of these new additions appear below:
Cardinal Hill: Mwdwl Eithin
Summit Height: c 390m
Name: Boncyn Nadroedd
OS 1:50,000 map: 116
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 027 540
Drop: c 23m
Cardinal Hill: Mwdwl Eithin
Summit Height: 399m
Name: Derwydd Bach
OS 1:50,000 map: 116
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 017 503
Drop: c 27m
Cardinal Hill: Arenig Fawr
Summit Height: 392m
Name: Ffridd Felen
OS 1:50,000 map: 124, 125
Summit Grid Reference: SH 855 388
Drop: c 21m
Cardinal Hill: Craig Berwyn
Summit Height: c 395m
Name: Cefn Uchaf
OS 1:50,000 map: 117
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 249 402
Drop: c 21m
Cardinal Hill: Carreg y Big
Summit Height: 396m
Name: Carreg y Frân
OS 1:50,000 map: 125
Summit Grid Reference: SH 961 140
Drop: 20m
Cardinal Hill: Carreg y Big
Summit Height: 399m
Name: Ffridd Dyfnant
OS 1:50,000 map: 125
Summit Grid Reference: SH 997 164
Drop: 21m
Cardinal Hill: Mynydd yr Hewyrch
Summit Height: 393m
Name: Pt. 393m
OS 1:50,000 map: 124
Summit Grid Reference: SH 796 120
Drop: 24m
Cardinal Hill: Garreg Lwyd
Summit Height: 398m
Name: Craig Cefn Llech
OS 1:50,000 map: 136, 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 952 771
Drop: 23m
Cardinal Hill: Glascwm Hill
Summit Height: 394m
Name: Pt. 394m, The Begwns
OS 1:50,000 map: 148, 161
Summit Grid Reference: SO 144 445
Drop: c 20m
Cardinal Hill: Clepyn Melyn
Summit Height: 393m
Name: Pt. 393m
OS 1:50,000 map: 147, 160
Summit Grid Reference: SN 998 432
Drop: c 20m
Cardinal Hill: Clepyn Melyn
Summit Height: 399m
Name: Pt. 399m
OS 1:50,000 map: 160
Summit Grid Reference: SO 027 385
Drop: c 21m
Cardinal Hill: Werfa
Summit Height: 399m
Name: Craig Rhiw Berfa (later deleted)
OS 1:50,000 map: 170
Summit Grid Reference: SS 946 906
Drop: c 21m
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (February 2014)
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (February 2014)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 452.4m (SJ 229 443) - 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (1st reclassification)
Survey post for Pt. 452.4m
There has been a new addition to the 400m Sub-Pedwar ranks through a recent survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. As research via local enquiry and historical documents has not, as of yet, found an appropriate name for the hill, it is being listed by the point (Pt. 452.4m) notation. The hill is Pt 452.4m (SJ 229 443) and it is situated in the Moel y Gamelin range of hills on the southerly ridge of Mynydd Eglwyseg (SJ 231 464).
The hill will be added to the Y Pedwarau list in the 2nd edition that will hopefully be published by Europeaklist. The list of Pedwar hills is also available from the Haroldstreet website.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Cyrn y Brain
Summit Height: 452.4m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Pt. 452.4m
OS 1:50,000 map: 117
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 229 443
Drop: 22.6m (converted to OSGM15)
.jpg) |
| The summit cairn on the new 400m Sub-Pedwar; Pt 452.4m (SJ 229 443) |
For details on the survey that promoted this hill to 400m Sub-Pedwar status please click {here}
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (February 2014)
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