Mapping Mountains – Significant Name Changes – Y Trechol –The Dominant Hills of Wales

Y Trechol –The Dominant Hills of Wales – Significant Name Changes

Y Trechol –The Dominant Hills of Wales are the Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height, accompanying the Dominant list is a sub list entitled The Lesser Dominant Hills of Wales with the criteria for this sub category being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on 03.012.15 with its Introduction giving details to its compilation and criteria, with Change Registers also created for the Dominant and the Lesser Dominant category.

The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips and the posts that have appeared on Mapping Mountains detailing the significant name changes to the Dominant and Lesser Dominant list appear below presented chronologically in receding order.

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Castle Park (SO 381 021) - 70th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and the Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height and its location confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips, and the bwlch height and its location, the drop and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps.

LIDAR image of Castle Park (SO 381 021)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Mynyddoedd Duon group of hills which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it has the Afon Wysg (River Usk) and the B4598 road to its west, the A472 road to its south and minor roads to its east and north, and has the town of Brynbuga (Usk) towards the south-west.

The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under a partly transposed name of Lady Hill, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the North-West.

Lady Hill

110m

SO382022

171

152

Trig pillar. Name from wood to the North-West.

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of near wood and exclude the word Wood from it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map.  One of the historic maps now available is the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map and it is this map that formed the basis for the change in this hill’s listed name.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch 'Old Series' map

The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map was the first map that Ordnance Survey produced, and their publication culminated from the whole of Britain being surveyed between 1791 and 1874 and the detail gathered therein produced at a scale of one inch to the mile and published in sheet format between 1805 and 1874.  The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ maps for the whole of Wales are now available online; they are also available in map format as enlarged and re-projected versions to match the scale and dimensions of the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger series and are published by Cassini.  This series of maps form another important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names and bridge the timeframe leading up to the production of the Ordnance Survey base map of the Six-Inch series, and importantly for this hill and its listed name, it is this map that names the area taking in the hill as Castle Park.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Castle Park, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynyddoedd Duon

Name:  Castle Park

Previously Listed Name:  Lady Hill

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  110.0m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 38199 02145 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  c 67m (interpolation)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 38974 02847 (interpolation) 

Drop:  c 43m (LIDAR summit and interpolated bwlch)

Dominance:  39.07% (LIDAR summit and interpolated bwlch)

Myrddyn Phillips (March 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Cyncoed (SO 427 056) - 69th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height, their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR summit image of Cyncoed (SO 427 056)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Mynyddoedd Duon group of hills which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the A449 road to its west and A40 road to its north-east, and has the village of Raglan towards the north-west and the town of Brynbuga (Usk) towards the south-west.

The hill appeared in the original 100m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the partly transposed and invented name of Kingcoed Hill, with an accompanying note stating; Name from hamlet to the South.

Kingcoed Hill

113m

SO428057

161

14

Clem/Yeaman. Name from hamlet to the South.

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the anglicised name of a hamlet and add the word Hill to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The land this hill incorporates takes in the hamlet of Cyncoed (anglicised to Kingcoed), with this name having developed from that of Cefncoed (Dictionary of the Place-Names of Wales, Hywel Wyn Morgan and Richard Morgan, Gomer Press 2007).  The translation of Cefncoed can mean wooded ridge; with the upper part of this hill positioned on a ridge that is still partly wooded.

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language and where this is substantiated by either historic documentation and / or contemporary usage should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.  It is also standard practice to use a Welsh name for a hill if another name exists that has originated in a different language.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Cyncoed, and this was derived from contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps and deduction of the originating Welsh names meaning. 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynyddoedd Duon

Name:  Cyncoed

Previously Listed Name:  Kingcoed Hill

OS 1:50,000 map:  161

Summit Height:  113.7m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 42767 05685 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  60.7m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 43428 08487 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  52.9m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  46.56% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (February 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Coed y Bwnydd (SO 366 069) - 68th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Coed y Bwnydd

Summit Relocations post for Coed y Bwnydd

Significant Height Revisions post for Coed y Bwnydd

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and the Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Coed y Bwnydd (SO 366 069)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynyddoedd Duon group of hills which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the Afon Wysg (River Usk) and the B4598 road to its west, the A40 road to its north and the A449 road to its east, and has the village of Raglan towards the east north-east and the town of Brynbuga (Usk) towards the south south-east.

When the original 100m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the name of Clytha Hill, which is a prominent name that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map close to what was thought to be the summit of this hill.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

LIDAR analysis has relocated the summit position of this hill from a 196m point that was given as two spot heights that are positioned close to where the name of Clytha Hill appears on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps to a higher 201.4m summit positioned at SO 36613 06919.  This higher summit is situated in woodland that is named on the map as Coed y Bwnydd.  This name appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map and its position in relation to the summit of this hill is substantiated via the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps.

LIDAR summit image of Coed y Bwnydd (SO 366 069)

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Coed y Bwnydd, and this name was derived from contemporary Ordnance Survey maps and its position in relation to the summit of this hill substantiated via the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps.  

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynyddoedd Duon

Name:  Coed y Bwnydd

Previously Listed Name:  Clytha Hill 

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  161

Summit Height:  201.4m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 36613 06919 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  59.4m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 39308 08901 (LIDAR)

Drop:  142.0m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  70.50% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (February 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Ash Wood (SO 480 122) - 67th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Ash Wood

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and the Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Ash Wood (SO 480 122)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Mynyddoedd Duon group of hills which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the B4233 road to its north-east and the A40 road to its south, and has the town of Trefynwy (Monmouth) towards the east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the name of Long Hill, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood at summit.

Long Hill

205c

SO480122

161

14

Clem/Yeaman. Name from wood at summit.

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a wood and exclude the word Wood from it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 409 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Ash Wood in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Monmouth and in the county named as Monmouth.

Extract from the apportionments

The boundary between the land known as Long Hill Wood and Ash Wood follows either a fence or wall that is positioned just north of a forest track.  The boundary is marked as a black line on older maps and this line is now broken on contemporary maps such as the Ordnance Survey map on the OS Maps website, this may signify that this part of the boundary is no longer apparent on the ground.  The LIDAR summit position is just north of this boundary line signifying the summit is on land known as Ash Wood and not Long Hill Wood, with the caveat that one may surmise (as I did when I originally named this hill for listing purposes) that the name Long Hill Wood is taken from the name of the hill; Long Hill.  However, I can find no documental evidence that this is so and it seems the name Long Hill Wood is just applicable to the bounded land its name is given to and has not been taken from the hill itself.

Extract from the OS Maps website

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Ash Wood, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynyddoedd Duon

Name:  Ash Wood

Previously Listed Name:  Long Hill 

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  161

Summit Height:  206.4m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 48011 12229 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  97.6m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 46851 13845 (LIDAR)

Drop:  108.8m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  52.69% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Mynydd Epynt (SN 961 464) - 66th significant name change

Survey post for Mynydd Epynt

Significant Height Revisions post for Mynydd Epynt

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the Y Pedwarau – The 400m Hills of Wales and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height and position derived from initial LIDAR analysis conducted by Aled Williams and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams, and the bwlch height and its location, the drop, dominance and status of the hill determined from map contour interpolation.

Mynydd Epynt (SN 961 464)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

Y Pedwarau – The 400m Hills of Wales.  Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 30m minimum drop, the list is co-authored by Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and is published on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Epynt group of hills, which are situated in the south-eastern part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with the B4519 road to its north-east, and has the small community of Garth to the north and Capel Uchaf (Upper Chapel) to the south-east.

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 400m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the name of Mynydd Epynt, which is a prominent name on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps and which is associated with this hill range.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger map

The hill was listed in the 1^st edition of the Y Pedwarau published by Europeaklist in May 2013 under the name of Clepyn Melyn with an accompanying symbol giving that this name was sourced from local enquiry.

The name Clepyn Melyn applies to a patch of land near to the summit of this hill, and as such this name was used for that of the hill as it was considered its main named feature.  However, since publication of the 1^st edition of Y Pedwarau by Europeaklist a number of names have been under review, including this one, and as the summit of this hill is the highest part of the entire mountain known as Mynydd Epynt this name is now preferred to that previously used.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the Y Pedwarau – The 400m Hills of Wales and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Mynydd Epynt, and this was derived from contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Epynt

Name:  Mynydd Epynt

Previously Listed Name:  Clepyn Melyn

OS 1:50,000 map:  147

Summit Height:  475.7m (converted to OSGM15)

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 96124 46428

Bwlch Height:  c 278m (interpolation)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 84063 43279 (interpolation)

Drop:  c 198m (Trimble summit and interpolated bwlch)

Dominance:  41.62% (Trimble summit and interpolated bwlch)

For details on the summit survey of this hill

Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (January 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Foel Las (SH 894 687) - 65th significant name change

Survey post for Foel Las

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by a Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips on the 5^th April 2016, and latterly substantiated by LIDAR analysis.

Foel Las (SH 894 687)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales – Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the Sub-Trichant with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the Introduction to the list and the renaming of it appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 13th May 2017.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

LIDAR image of the two Foel Las summits at SH 886 686 and SH 894 687

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Hiraethog group of hills, which are situated in the central northern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A2), and it is positioned with the A548 road and the Afon Elwy to its north and west, the B5382 road to its south and a minor road to its east, and has the small community of Llangernyw to the south-west and Llanfair Talhaiarn towards the east north-east.

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 300m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Tre-pys-llygod, which is a prominent name that appears close to the summit of this hill on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps.

Tre-pys-llygod

320c

SH895688

116

17

Clem/Yeaman

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.

As a variety of Ordnance Survey maps place the name Tre Pys Llygod applicable to the land mass taking in this and its adjacent lower westerly hill, I wanted to follow the history of this hill’s recorded name to see if another was more appropriate.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 633 on the 1842 Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Ffridd foelas in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanfair Talhaiarn in the county named as Denbigh.

Extract from the apportionments

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map.  One of the historic maps now available is the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map which formed the basis for the first publicly available Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map, and it is the Draft Surveyors map that I next examined.

The Draft Surveyors maps consist of the preliminary drawings made by the Ordnance Surveyor’s surveyors between the 1780s and 1840 and formed the basis for the first publicly available One-Inch map.  They were drawn at scales of six inches to the mile for areas considered of particular military significance and down to two inches to the mile for other areas.  Fair copies were then produced from these preliminary drawings to one inch to the mile and then copper plates were prepared for printing.  The Draft Surveyors maps for the whole of Wales are now available online and they form an important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names as they bridge the time frame between the late 18^th century and the mid-19^th century when the Ordnance Survey produced their first One-Inch maps, and importantly for this hill and its listed name, this map records the name for this and its lower westerly hill as Y Foelas.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map

The next map to examine was the One-Inch ‘Old Series,’ this was the first map that Ordnance Survey published, and they were based on the proceeding Draft Surveyors map.  Their publication culminated from the whole of Britain being surveyed between 1791 and 1874 and the detail gathered therein produced at a scale of one inch to the mile and published in sheet format between 1805 and 1874.  The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ maps for the whole of Wales are now available online; they are also available in map format as enlarged and re-projected versions to match the scale and dimensions of the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger series and are published by Cassini.  This series of maps forms another important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names and bridge the time frame leading to the production of the Ordnance Survey base map of the Six-Inch series.  It is this map that first places the name of Tre-pys-llygod against these hills, with the name of Y Foel las also placed adjacent to the lower westerly hill.    

Extract from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch 'Old Series' map

Finally the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps were examined and the name of Tre-pŷs-llygod is recorded in large letters, with the name of Foel-lâs being recorded adjacent to the westerly of the two hills next to what looks like a small-holding.

Extract from the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps

The detail on the Six-Inch map and the use of the term Ffridd on the Tithe map implies that the small-holding existed and it was named Foel Las and the enclosed land taking in the summits of these two hills was a part of their ffridd and this was known as Ffridd Foel Las, with the name of Tre Pys Llygod being a later addition.  

The Trimble GeoXH 6000 gathering data at the summit of Foel Las (SH 894 687)

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the Y Trichant is Foel Las, and this was derived from a number of sources including the Tithe map, Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map, Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map and the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Hiraethog

Name:  Foel Las

Previously Listed Name:  Tre-pys-llygod

OS 1:50,000 map:  116

Summit Height:  319.8m (converted to OSGM15)

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 89473 68747

Bwlch Height:  202.6m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 89078 67030 (LIDAR)

Drop:  117.2m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)

Dominance:  36.64% (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)

For details on the survey of Foel Las

My thanks to Aled Williams for advice relating to this hill’s name

Myrddyn Phillips (December 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Ynys Echni (ST 222 646) - 64th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, its location, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Ynys Echni (ST 222 646)

LIDAR summit image of Ynys Echni

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Bro Morgannwg group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and as its name implies; it is an island that is situated in the Bristol Channel at the mouth of the River Severn, and has the city of Caerdydd (Cardiff) towards the north and the town of Weston-super-Mare towards the east south-east.

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Flat Holm, which is the name that appears for the island on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps.

Flat Holm

32m

ST222646

171/182

151

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language and where this is substantiated by either historic documentation and / or contemporary usage should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.  It is also standard practice to use a Welsh name for a hill if another name exists that has originated in a different language.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Ynys Echni, as the Welsh name for this hill is prioritised over the anglicised version of its originating Old Norse counterpart of Flat Holm (ON floti, holmr), which for listing purposes is standard practice.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Bro Morgannwg

Name:  Ynys Echni

Previously Listed Name:  Flat Holm

OS 1:50,000 map:  171, 182

Summit Height:  32.3m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 22256 64653 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  not applicable, sea level

Bwlch Grid Reference:  not applicable, sea level

Drop:  32.3m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  100.00%

Myrddyn Phillips (December 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Penarth (ST 188 720) - 63rd significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR summit image of Penarth (ST 188 720)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Bro Morgannwg group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is positioned with the A4160 road to its south-west and the Bristol Channel to its east, and with the summit of the hill being a part of the town that takes its name from the hill; Penarth, which is situated to the south of the city of Caerdydd (Cardiff).

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under a partly transposed and invented name of Penarth Head Hill, with an accompanying note stating; Name from headland to the East.

Penarth Head Hill

70c

ST189720

171

151

Name from the headland to the East

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a headland and add the word Hill to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The land this hill incorporates takes in the headland that encloses the hill to its east; this is named Penarth Head on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps.  The summit of this hill is now a part of an urban development and town, which is named Penarth; with the town taking its name from the hill.  The translation of Penarth can mean head of the promontory; therefore Penarth Head is tautological, albeit with the repetition in a different language.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Penarth, and this was derived from contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps and deduction of the names meaning. 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Bro Morgannwg

Name:  Penarth

Previously Listed Name:  Penarth Head Hill

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  72.2m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 18875 72029 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  35.5m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 16791 72417 (LIDAR)

Drop:  36.7m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  50.81%

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Hopkins Mount (ST 170 678 & ST 170 679) - 62nd significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR summit image of Hopkins Mount (ST 170 678 and ST 170 679)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015 and available in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Bro Morgannwg group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is positioned with the B4267 road to its north-west and has a minor road to its south and east, and has the village of Sili (Sully) towards the west.

When the original 30-99m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the partly invented and transposed name of Swanbridge Hill, with an accompanying note stating; Name from hamlet to the South-West.

Swanbridge Hill

61m

ST170679

171

151

Name from hamlet to the South-West

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near hamlet and add the word Hill to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, and it is the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local and the series of Six-Inch maps that name the area taking in the summit of this hill as Hopkins Mount.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Hopkins Mount, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, and the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps. 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Bro Morgannwg

Name:  Hopkins Mount

Previously Listed Name:  Swanbridge Hill

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  61.45m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 17066 67891 & ST 17066 67897 & ST 17069 67894 & ST 17071 67895 & ST 17079 67900 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  20.6m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 18633 69935 (LIDAR)

Drop:  40.9m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  66.50% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Gwastedyn (SN 986 661) - 61st significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the Y Pedwarau – The 400m Hills of Wales and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis initially conducted by Aled Williams.

LIDAR image of Gwastedyn (SN 986 661)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

Y Pedwarau – The 400m Hills of Wales.  Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 30m minimum drop, the list is co-authored by Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and is published on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Hirddywel group of hills, which are situated in the north-eastern part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with the A44 road to its north-east and the A470 road to its south-west, and has the town of Rhaeadr Gwy (Rhayader) towards the north-west.

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 400m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Gwastedyn Hill, which is a prominent name that appears beside the summit of this hill on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps.  This is also the name the hill was listed by in the 1^st edition of the Y Pedwarau published by Europeaklist in May 2013.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of the 1^st edition of Y Pedwarau there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map.  Two of the historic maps now available are the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map which formed the basis for the first publicly available Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map and the latter map and the Ordnance Survey Six-Inch map form the basis for the change in this hill’s listed name.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch 'Old Series' map

The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map was the first map that the Ordnance Survey produced, and their publication culminated from the whole of Britain being surveyed between 1791 and 1874 and the detail gathered therein produced at a scale of one inch to the mile and published in sheet format between 1805 and 1874.  The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ maps for the whole of Wales are now available online; they are also available in map format as enlarged and re-projected versions to match the scale and dimensions of the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger series and are published by Cassini.  This series of maps form another important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names and bridge the timeframe leading up to the production of the Ordnance Survey base map of the Six-Inch series, and it is these two maps that use the form of this hill’s name without the word Hill, which is a relatively recent map addition.

Extract from the Ordnance Surveys series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the Y Pedwarau – The 400m Hills of Wales and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Gwastedyn and this form without the superfluous use of the word Hill was derived from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map and the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps and substantiated by the 1865 Enclosure Map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Hirddywel

Name:  Gwastedyn

Previously Listed Name:  Gwastedyn Hill

OS 1:50,000 map:  136, 147

Summit Height:  477.2m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 98679 66145 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  233.1m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 99395 68804 (LIDAR)

Drop:  244.1m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  51.15% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Ash Tip (ST 031 663) - 60th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Ash Tip

Significant Height Revisions post for Ash Tip

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is now listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Ash Tip (ST 031 663)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Bro Morgannwg group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it forms a part of landscaped ground that once made up the Aberthaw quarry and lime works, and it is positioned with the B4265 road to its north, and has the small community of Sain Tathan (St Athan) towards the north-west.

When the original 30-99m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was not included in either the main P30 list or the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps of the day showed the area that now makes up this hill as having no ring contours of note.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

This area was re-examined when the OS Maps website became available online.  This is the replacement for OS Get-a-map and has contours at 5m intervals and for the majority of land comprising old mine workings it shows present day contours, as opposed to the blank space showed on the counterparts of the 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps.

Extract from the OS Maps website

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed.  The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales. 

With contouring on the OS Maps website indicating this hill to now have over 30m of drop and with this confirmed by LIDAR analysis I made local enquiries and contacted Richard Coleman who runs the Blue Anchor Inn; the local pub in East Aberthaw.  Richard is aged 31 and told me that his family have run this pub since 1941 and the hill I was interested in is known locally as the Ash Tip.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Ash Tip, and this was derived from local enquiry.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Bro Morgannwg

Name:  Ash Tip

Previously Listed Name:  not previously listed

OS 1:50,000 map:  170

Summit Height:  50.0m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 03170 66338 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  12.4m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 03298 66735 (LIDAR)

Drop:  37.6m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  75.20%

Myrddyn Phillips (October 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Deg Erw Llandafin (ST 003 731) - 59th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Deg Erw Llandafin

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and that was listed in the Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Deg Erw Llandafin (ST 003 731)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Bro Morgannwg group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is positioned with the A4222 and A48 roads to its north with minor roads to its west, south and east, and has the town of Y Bont-faen (Cowbridge) to the north-west.

The hill originally appeared in the Welsh 30-99m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the partly invented and transposed name of Long Grove Hill, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the North-East.

Long Grove Hill

67m

ST003731

170

151

Name from wood to the North-East

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a wood and add the word Hill to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 199 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Deg Erw Llandafin in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Saint Hilary and in the county named as Glamorganshire.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and what it would be listed by in the Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales if it had remained a Lesser Dominant hill is Deg Erw Llandafin, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Bro Morgannwg

Name:  Deg Erw Llandafin

Previously Listed Name:  Long Grove Hill

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  170

Summit Height:  66.4m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 00313 73177 & ST 00315 73179 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  37.2m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 00721 73222 (LIDAR)

Drop:  29.2m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  N/A

Myrddyn Phillips (October 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Wenvoe Quarry (ST 131 741) - 58th significant name change

Significant Height Revisions post for Wenvoe Quarry

Summit Relocations post for Wenvoe Quarry

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height and its position confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR summit image of Wenvoe Quarry (ST 131 741)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Bro Morgannwg group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is positioned with a number of A roads encircling it with the A4232 to its north and east, the A4050 to its west and the A4055 further to its south-east, and has the city of Caerdydd (Cardiff) towards the north-east.

  

The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under a partly transposed and invented name of Wenvoe Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from quarry at summit. 

Wenvoe Top

115c

ST132742

171

151

Name from quarry at summit

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a quarry and add the word Top to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The ground comprising the summit of this hill is a part of the Wenvoe Quarry and for listing purposes this name is considered appropriate for that of the hill.  This name appears in its plural form on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Wenvoe Quarry, and this was derived from contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps and online research which names the quarry in a singular and not necessarily plural form.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Bro Morgannwg

Name:  Wenvoe Quarry

Previously Listed Name:  Wenvoe Top

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  123.4m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 13189 74189 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  66m (spot height)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 12669 74393 (spot height) 

Drop:  57m (LIDAR summit and spot height bwlch)

Dominance:  46.51% (LIDAR summit and spot height bwlch)

Myrddyn Phillips (October 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Cock Hill (ST 153 750) - 57th significant name change

Summit Relocations post for Cock Hill

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Cock Hill (ST 153 750)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Bro Morgannwg group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it has the A4232 road to its north and east and a minor road towards its south, and has the city of Caerdydd (Cardiff) towards the north-east.

The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Leckwith Hill, which is a name given a farm positioned to the south-east of the summit on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps, and with an accompanying note stating; aka Cock Hill.

Leckwith Hill

115c

ST153750

171

151

aka Cock Hill.

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website, and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map.  In the case of this hill it is the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps that show the placement of the name Cock Hill to be prioritised indicating that it is applicable to the whole area of the hill, whilst that of Leckwith Hill is applicable to a farm positioned to the south-east of the summit.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Cock Hill, and the confirmation of the placement of this name was derived from the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps. 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Bro Morgannwg

Name:  Cock Hill

Previously Listed Name:  Leckwith Hill 

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  115.6m (LIDAR, natural summit)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 15303 75089 (LIDAR, natural summit)

Bwlch Height:  46.3m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 13392 74714 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  69.3m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  59.92% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (September 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Hensol Park (ST 040 790) - 56th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Hensol Park (ST 040 790)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Bro Morgannwg group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it has a number of minor roads encircling it with the M4 motorway further north and the A4222 road further west, and has the town of Y Bont-faen (Cowbridge) towards the south-west and the town of Llantrisant towards the north.

The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Kennel Grove, which is a name that appears near the summit of the hill on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps.

Kennel Grove

109m

ST040791

170

151

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website, and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map.  In the case of this hill it is the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps that show the placement of the name Hensol Park to take in the whole area of the hill, whilst that of Kennel Grove is just applicable to the plantation next to, but not at the summit of the hill.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Hensol Park, and the confirmation of the placement of this name was derived from the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps. 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Bro Morgannwg

Name:  Hensol Park

Previously Listed Name:  Kennel Grove

OS 1:50,000 map:  170

Summit Height:  108.8m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 04027 79085 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  57.4m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 03531 78660 (LIDAR)

Drop:  51.4m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  47.25% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (September 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Mynydd yr Hôb (SJ 294 568) - 55th significant name change

Survey post for Mynydd yr Hôb

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the Y Trichant and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a summit survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 conducted by Myrddyn Phillips, with the latter taking place on the 13^th October 2015.

LIDAR image of Mynydd yr Hôb (SJ 294 568)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

Y Trichant – Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the Sub-Trichant with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the Introduction to the list and the renaming of it appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 13^th May 2017.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Moel y Gamelin group of hills, which are situated in the north-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A2), and it has the A541 road to its east and the A5104 road to its north-west and the B5101 road to its west, and has the small communities of Caergwrle and Yr Hôb (Hope) towards the north-east.

This hill appeared in the original Welsh 300m P30 list published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Hope Mountain, which is the name appearing close to this hill’s summit on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps of the day.

Hope Mountain

330m

SJ295569

117

256

Marilyn. Clem/Yeaman. Trig pillar.

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to the use of language, name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.   

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger map

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language and where this is substantiated by either historic documentation and / or contemporary usage should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.

The Trimble GeoXH 6000 gathering data at the summit of Mynydd yr Hôb

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the Y Trichant and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Mynydd yr Hôb, and this was derived from online sources substantiating the present day use of its Welsh name, and this is prioritised over its English equivalent which for listing purposes is standard practice.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Moel y Gamelin

Name:  Mynydd yr Hôb 

Previously Listed Name:  Hope Mountain

OS 1:50,000 map:  117

Summit Height:  330.0m (converted to OSGM15)

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 29476 56892

Bwlch Height:  142.7m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 26903 58849 (LIDAR)

Drop:  187.3m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)

Dominance:  56.76% (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)

For details on the summit survey of Mynydd yr Hôb

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Bryn Glas (ST 307 902) - 54th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, the bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Bryn Glas (ST 307 902)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Cymoedd Gwent group of hills, which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is encircled by major roads with the A4051 to its west, A4042 to its east and the M4 motorway to its south, and has town of Castell-nedd (Neath) towards its south.  

The hill originally appeared in the 30-99m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under a partly transposed and invented name of Brynglas School, with an accompanying note stating; Name from district and school to the South.

Brynglas School

82m

ST308903

171

152

Name from district and school to the South

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of what I presumed to be a district and add the word School to it as the summit of this hill is situated within the grounds of the local school.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website, and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, and it is the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps that name the area taking in this hill as Bryn Glas, with this name being substantiated on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps.

Extract from the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Bryn Glas, and this was derived from contemporary Ordnance Survey maps and substantiated by the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps. 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Cymoedd Gwent

Name:  Bryn Glas

Previously Listed Name:  Brynglas School

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  82.9m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 30792 90299 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  36.2m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 30521 90857 (LIDAR)

Drop:  46.7m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  56.32% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (September 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

The Beech (ST 346 974) - 53rd significant name change

Summit Relocations post for The Beech

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of The Beech (ST 346 974)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Cymoedd Gwent group of hills, which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it has a number of A roads encircling it with the A4042 to its west, the A472 to its north, the A449 to its east and the M4 motorway towards its south, and has the town of Brynbuga (Usk) towards its north-east.

The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Craig y Saeson, which is a name that appears to the north-east of this hill’s summit on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps.

Craig y Saeson

184m

ST345974

171

152

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate, and as this hill comprises bounded land the Tithe map was consulted and this confirms that the name Craig y Saeson is applicable to enclosed land to the north-east of this hill’s summit and not to the summit area of this hill or the hill itself.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website, and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map.  In the case of this hill it is the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps that record the name of The Beech for the land at or adjacent to where the summit of this hill is situated.

Extract from the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps

Therefore the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is The Beech, and this was derived from the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps. 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Cymoedd Gwent

Name:  The Beech

Previously Listed Name:  Craig y Saeson 

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  185.4m (LIDAR, natural summit)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 34645 97459 (LIDAR, natural summit)

Bwlch Height:  89.0m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 34479 98091 (LIDAR)

Drop:  96.4m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  51.98% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Coed Duon (SO 364 008) - 52nd significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Coed Duon (SO 364 008)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Cymoedd Gwent group of hills, which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is positioned above the A472 road and the Afon Wysg (River Usk) which are to its north-east, and has the town of Brynbuga (Usk) towards its east.

The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under a partly invented and transposed name of Pen Coed-duon, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the North.

Pen Coed-duon

115m

SO364008

171

152

Name from wood to the North

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a wood and prefix it with the word Pen.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The ground comprising the wood known as Coed Duon takes in a relatively thin strip of land, with the high point of the hill close to its edge to its south.  As the enclosed field where the summit is situated is not named on the Tithe map it is appropriate to use the main named feature of this hill as its name for listing purposes, and this name is Coed Duon.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Coed Duon, and this was derived from contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Cymoedd Gwent

Name:  Coed Duon

Previously Listed Name:  Pen Coed-duon 

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  114.8m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 36405 00817 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  61.6m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 34989 00614 (LIDAR)

Drop:  53.2m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  46.36% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Woodlake Park (ST 343 997) - 51st significant name change

Summit Relocations post for Woodlake Park

Significant Height Revisions post for Woodlake Park

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Woodlake Park (ST 343 997)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Cymoedd Gwent group of hills, which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is positioned above the Llandegfedd Reservoir which is to its west, and has the town of Pont-y-pŵl (Pontypool) towards its west and Brynbuga (Usk) towards its east.

The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under a partly invented and transposed name of Pen Coed Canol, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the East.

Pen Coed Canol

147m

ST341994

171

152

Name from wood to the East.

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near wood and prefix it with the word Pen.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The summit of this hill is situated in the grounds of a golf course and this is named on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 maps as Woodlake Park, and for listing purpose this is an appropriate name to use for this hill.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Woodlake Park, and this was derived from the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Cymoedd Gwent

Name:  Woodlake Park

Previously Listed Name:  Pen Coed Canol

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  150.7m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 34335 99793 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  91.5m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 33405 01033 (LIDAR)

Drop:  59.3m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  39.31% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Cae Berrog (ST 335 945) - 50th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Cae Berrog (ST 335 945)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Cymoedd Gwent group of hills, which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is encircled by minor roads beyond which is the A4042 road to its west, and has the city of Casnewydd-ar-Wysg (Newport) towards the south south-west.

The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed and invented name of Pen Lan-Sôr Wood, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the East.

Pen Lan-Sor Wood

106m

ST335945

171

152

Name from wood to the East

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a wood and add the word Pen to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the land taking in the summit of this hill is bounded the Tithe map was consulted.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 761 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Cerrog (Cae Berrog as extensively discussed on the Enwau Lleoedd (Welsh place-names) Facebook page) in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of LLangatt0ck juxta Caerleon [sic] and in the county named as Monmouth.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Cae Berrog, and this was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Cymoedd Gwent

Name:  Cae Berrog

Previously Listed Name:  Pen Lan-Sôr Wood

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  105.3m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 33529 94569 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  66.0m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 33047 95295 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  39.3m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  37.34% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Lodge Wood (ST 322 912) - 49th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

Lodge Wood (ST 322 912)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Cymoedd Gwent group of hills, which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it has the A4042 road to its west, the M4 motorway to its south and the B4236 road to its east and north, and has the city of Casnewydd-ar-Wysg (Newport) to the south.

The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the partly invented name of Lodge Wood Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the North.

Lodge Wood Top

119m

ST323913

171

152

Name from wood to the North.

  

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a wood and add the word Top to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the name of Lodge Wood appears adjacent to this hill’s summit on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps the Tithe map was consulted.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 358 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as The Lodge Wood in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of LLangatt0ck juxta Caerleon [sic] and in the county named as Monmouth.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Lodge Wood, and this was derived from contemporary Ordnance Survey maps and substantiated by the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Cymoedd Gwent

Name:  Lodge Wood

Previously Listed Name:  Lodge Wood Top

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  119.4m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 32218 91288 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  45.9m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 29667 92988 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  73.5m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  61.55% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

The Mount (ST 258 848) - 48th significant name change

Summit Relocations post for The Mount

Significant Height Revisions post for The Mount

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height derived from the OS Trig Database and the bwlch height derived from interpolation of 5m contouring.

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Cymoedd Gwent group of hills, which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it has minor roads to its north-west and north-east and the M4 motorway to its south, and is positioned between the city of Caerdydd (Cardiff) to the south-west and Casnewydd-ar-Wysg (Newport) to the north-east.

The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under a transposed name of Pen-y-lan, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the North-East.

Pen-y-lan

124m

ST253847

171

152

Name from buildings to the North-East.

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historical such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website, and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map.  The originally listed summit position of this hill has been relocated and it is the relocated summit that Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps name as The Mount and this name is substantiated from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is The Mount, and this was derived from the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and substantiated by the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Cymoedd Gwent

Name:  The Mount

Previously Listed Name:  Pen-y-lan 

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  127m

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 25868 84839

Bwlch Height:  c 66m

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 24800 87551 

Drop:  c 61m

Dominance:  48.03%

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Mynydd Maen (ST 260 978) - 47th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the Y Pedwarau and the Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis initially conducted by Aled Williams and subsequently by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Mynydd Maen (ST 260 978)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

Y Pedwarau – Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have 30m minimum drop.  The list is co-authored by Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 30^th January 2017.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Cymoedd Gwent group of hills which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is positioned with the A4051 and A4042 roads to its east, the A472 road to its north and the A467 road to its south-west, and has the town of Pont-y-pŵl (Pontypool) towards the north-east. 

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 400m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the name of Mynydd Twyn-glas, which is a name that appears close to this hill’s summit on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps.

Mynydd Twyn-glas

472m

ST260978

171

152

Marilyn. Clem/Yeaman. Trig pillar.

Hill list authors are prone to list a hill by the name that appears nearest to its summit on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps, without much consideration for its local or historical confirmation, or whether map placement is appropriate, and in the case of this hill the names of Mynydd Twyn-glas and Mynydd Maen have been consistently shown near the summit of this hill on different scaled Ordnance Survey maps.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website, and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, and in the case of this hill it is the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps that shows the name of Mynydd Maen being prioritised over that of Mynydd Twyn-glas.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the Y Pedwarau and the Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Mynydd Maen, and its prioritised status was derived from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Cymoedd Gwent

Name:  Mynydd Maen

Previously Listed Name:  Mynydd Twyn-glas

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  473.0m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 26000 97841 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  218.0m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 22547 98878 (LIDAR)

Drop:  255.0m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  53.91% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (July 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Redding (ST 087 776) - 46th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Redding (ST 087 776)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Cymoedd Morgannwg group of hills, which are situated in the central part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it has the M4 towards its north-west and the A4232 road to its east, and has the city of Caerdydd (Cardiff) towards its east.

The hill originally appeared in the 30-99m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the partly invented and transposed name of Palla Farm Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from farm at summit.

Palla Farm Top

81m

SO088776

170

151

Name from farm at summit

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm and add the word Top to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 3 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Redding (mistakenly transposed as two Acres in the pop-up window accompanying the Tithe) in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Peterstone super Ely and in the county named as Glamorgan.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Redding, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Cymoedd Morgannwg

Name:  Redding

Previously Listed Name:  Palla Farm Top 

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  170

Summit Height:  80.3m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 08782 77683 (LIDAR, natural summit)

Bwlch Height:  49.05m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 08551 79827 (LIDAR)

Drop:  31.3m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  38.94% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (July 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Shelone Wood (SS 736 944) - 45th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, the bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Shelone Wood

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Cymoedd Morgannwg group of hills, which are situated in the central part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it has the A474 road to its east, the M4 and the Afon Nedd (River Neath) to its west, and the M4 and the A48 roads to its south, and has the town of Castell-nedd (Neath) towards its north.  

The hill originally appeared in the 30-99m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under a partly transposed and invented name of Briton Ferry Hill, with an accompanying note stating; Name from surrounding district. 

Briton Ferry Hill

54m

SS736945

170

165

Name from surrounding district

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of what I presumed to be a district and add the word Hill to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historical such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website, and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map.  Both of these maps name the wood which the summit is situated beside as Shelone Wood and this is appropriate to use in listing terms for the name of the hill.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Extract from the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website

Therefore the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Shelone Wood, and this was derived from the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps and the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website, and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map. 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Cymoedd Morgannwg

Name:  Shelone Wood

Previously Listed Name:  Briton Ferry Hill 

OS 1:50,000 map:  170

Summit Height:  55.9m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SS 73625 94495 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  8.7m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SS 74250 94893 (LIDAR)

Drop:  47.2m

Dominance:  84.37%

Myrddyn Phillips (June 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Cefn Cribwr (SS 883 829) - 44th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Cefn Cribwr

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Cymoedd Morgannwg group of hills, which are situated in the central part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is encircled by roads with a minor road to its south and east, the M4 further to its south and the Tycribwr Hill B4281 to its west north-west, and has the town of Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr (Bridgend) towards its south-east.

This hill was first listed in the original Welsh 100m P30 list published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the name of Tycribwr Hill, which is a name that is positioned following a road to the west north-west of this hill’s summit on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps of the day.

Tycribwr Hill

134m

SS883829

170

151

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate, and as the name of Tycribwr Hill seems to apply to a part of the B4281 road that heads south-west from Tycribwr farm and as such is not the name of the hill, I therefore wanted to substantiate that the name of Cefn Cribwr had been applied to this hill and not just the small community by the same name that is positioned on its ridge crest.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which is named the Interactive Coverage Map.  One of the historic maps now available is the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map which formed the basis for the change in this hill’s listed name.

The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map was the first map that the Ordnance Survey produced, and their publication culminated from the whole of Britain being surveyed between 1791 and 1874 and the detail gathered therein produced at a scale of one inch to the mile and published in sheet format between 1805 and 1874.  The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ maps for the whole of Wales are now available online; they are also available in map format as enlarged and re-projected versions to match the scale and dimensions of the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger series and are published by Cassini.  This series of maps form another important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names and bridge the timeframe leading up to the production of the Ordnance Survey base map of the Six-Inch series, and importantly for this hill and its listed name, it is this map that shows the extended Cefn Cribwr takes in land comprising the extended ridge that this hill is a part of and not just the small community situated on its ridge crest.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch 'Old Series' map

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Cefn Cribwr, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Cymoedd Morgannwg

Name:  Cefn Cribwr

Previously Listed Name:  Tycribwr Hill 

OS 1:50,000 map:  170

Summit Height:  133.8m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SS 88331 82914 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  75.7m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SS 86323 83463 (LIDAR)

Drop:  58.2m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  43.47% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2019)






Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Mynydd Emroch (SS 794 907) - 43rd significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, its location, the bwlch height and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Mynydd Emroch

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Cymoedd Morgannwg group of hills, which are situated in the central part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is encircled by roads with the B4282 to its north, the A4107 to its west and a minor road and the Ffrwd Wyllt stream to its south-east, and has the town of Port Talbot towards its west south-west.

This hill was first listed in the original Welsh 200m P30 list published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the name of Craig Emroch, which is a name appearing close to this hill’s summit on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps of the day.

Craig Emroch

241m

SS793908

170

165

Clem/Yeaman. Mynydd Emroch East Top in Clem/Yeaman list. Height from 1989 1:50000 map.

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.  The name of Craig Emroch refers to a rock, whilst the name of Mynydd Emroch which also appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and which is positioned to the west of this hill’s summit, refers to the mountain that in all probability contains the rock.  Therefore I wanted to substantiate that the name of Mynydd Emroch has been applied to this whole upland mass and not just land to the west of the summit where this name currently resides on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which is named the Interactive Coverage Map.  One of the historic maps now available is the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map which formed the basis for the first publicly available Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map, and it is the Draft Surveyors map that formed the basis for the change in this hill’s listed name.

The Draft Surveyors maps consist of the preliminary drawings made by the Ordnance Surveyor’s surveyors between the 1780s and 1840 and formed the basis for the first publicly available One-Inch map.  They were drawn at scales of six inches to the mile for areas considered of particular military significance and down to two inches to the mile for other areas.  Fair copies were then produced from these preliminary drawings to one inch to the mile and then copper plates were prepared for printing.  The Draft Surveyors maps for the whole of Wales are now available online and they form an important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names as they bridge the time frame between the late 18^th century and the mid-19^th century when the Ordnance Survey produced their first One-Inch maps, and importantly for this hill and its listed name, it is this map that shows the extended Mynydd Emroch takes in land comprising the feature that is named Craig Emroch.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Mynydd Emroch, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Cymoedd Morgannwg

Name:  Mynydd Emroch

Previously Listed Name:  Craig Emroch 

OS 1:50,000 map:  170

Summit Height:  241.9m (LIDAR, natural summit)

Summit Grid Reference:  SS 79401 90728 (LIDAR, natural summit)

Bwlch Height:  122.2m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SS 79380 91805 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  119.7m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  49.50% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2019)






Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Mynydd Bach (SH 389 767) - 42nd significant name change

Survey post for Mynydd Bach

Significant Height Revisions post for Mynydd Bach

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height confirmed by LIDAR analysis, and a subsequent survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 conducted by Myrddyn Phillips, with the latter taking place on the 28^th October 2018.

LIDAR summit image of Mynydd Bach

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it has the A5 and A55 roads to its south, and has the village of Gwalchmai towards its south.

This hill was first listed in the original Welsh 30-99m P30 list published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the transposed name of Bryn-teg, which is a name appearing near to the hill on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps and which I presumed was the name of the hill, it is not, it is a name of a house.

Bryn-teg

95c

SH389768

114

262/263

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose a name on the map which I presumed to be that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

After visiting this hill I called at a number of houses, including Bryn-teg hoping to make place-name enquiries.  I was directed down the minor lane toward a cottage, as I headed toward the cottage a man appeared and walked toward a plot of land where his daughter was planning to live.  Gwyn Thomas lived at one of the houses I’d passed on the lane; the hill was on the other side of the road to where his daughter was planning to live and was at the back of Gwyn’s house.  I introduced myself and explained my interest in hill names and asked if he knew a name for the hill; he replied immediately and told me its name is Mynydd Bach.

Gwyn Thomas with Mynydd Bach in the background

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Mynydd Bach, and this was derived from local enquiry.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Ynys Môn

Name:  Mynydd Bach

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn-teg

OS 1:50,000 map:  114

Summit Height:  96.5m (converted to OSGM15)

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 38964 76773

Bwlch Height:  c 64m

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 40259 77918 (I)

Drop:  c 32m

Dominance:  33.66%

For details on the summit survey of this hill

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Pryslan (SS 719 939) - 41st significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, its location and the drop of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Pryslan

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Fforest Fawr group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is positioned with the B4290 road to its west, the A483 road and Bae Baglan (Baglan Bay) to its south, and has the town of Castell-nedd (Neath) towards the north-east.

The hill originally appeared in the 30-99m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the partly invented and transposed name of Bryn y Crymlyn, with an accompanying note stating; Name from burrows to the South.

Bryn y Crymlyn

86m

SS719939

170

165

Trig pillar. Name from burrows to the South

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of burrows and prefix it with the words Bryn y.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 396 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Prislan & Wood in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Cadoxton juxta Neath and in the county named as Glamorgan.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Pryslan, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Fforest Fawr

Name:  Pryslan

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn y Crymlyn 

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  170

Summit Height:  85.9m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SS 71965 93938 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  6.2m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SS 71182 93870 (LIDAR)

Drop:  79.7m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  92.76% (LIDAR)

My thanks to Aled Williams for his advice in relation to this hill name

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Ynys Lawd (SH 202 822) - 40th significant name change

Survey post for Ynys Lawd

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height confirmed by a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 conducted by Myrddyn Phillips and which took place on the 25^th October 2018.

Ynys Lawd (SH 202 822)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and as its name implies it is an island that is adjoined to a larger island by an aluminium bridge, and is positioned to the west of the north-western part of Ynys Gybi (Holy Island).  

This hill was first listed in the original Welsh 30-99m P30 list published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of South Stack, with an accompanying note stating; AKA Ynys Lawd, with both of these names appearing on Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps of the day.

South Stack

41m

SH202822

114

262

AKA Ynys Lawd

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language and where this is substantiated by either historic documentation and / or contemporary usage should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.

The Trimble GeoXH 6000 gathering data at the summit of Ynys Lawd

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Ynys Lawd, and this was derived as the Welsh name for this hill is prioritised over its English counterpart, which for listing purposes is standard practice.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Ynys Môn

Name:  Ynys Lawd

Previously Listed Name:  South Stack 

OS 1:50,000 map:  114

Summit Height:  42.8m (converted to OSGM15)

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 20224 82265

Bwlch Height:  N/A, sea

Bwlch Grid Reference:  N/A, sea 

Drop:  42.8m (converted to OSGM15)

Dominance:  100.00%

For details on the survey of this hill

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Plas Gwyn (SH 524 817) - 39th significant name change

Survey post for Plas Gwyn

Summit Relocations post for Plas Gwyn

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, its location, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis, and a subsequent summit survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 conducted by Myrddyn Phillips, with the latter taking place on the 22^nd October 2018.

Plas Gwyn (SH 524 817)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it has the A5025 road to its west and the coast to its north and east, and overlooks Traeth-coch (Red Wharf Bay) to its south-east, and has the village of Benllech towards its north-west.

This hill was first listed in the original Welsh 30-99m P30 list published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the partly transposed and invented name of Moel Castell Mawr, with an accompanying note stating; Name from remains of castle to the South-East.

Moel Castell Mawr

78m

SH526817

114/115

263

Name from remains of castle to the South-East

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of what I presumed to be a castle and prefix it with the word Moel.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

The Trimble GeoXH 6000 gathering data at the summit of Plas Gwyn

After visiting this hill I called at the Plas Gwyn Caravan and Camping Park which is situated just below the hill to the south and met David Bennet who explained that the land taking in this hill is owned by Michael Buckley, David kindly directed me to Michael’s home, which I called out twice over the following few days without any reply.  However, on my first visit I met Mark Griffith who was trimming a hedge and he kindly gave me a contact telephone number for Michael.  When I contacted Michael he explained that the hill has been owned by his family for many years and that it is known after that of the farm, Plas Gwyn. 

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Plas Gwyn, and this was derived from local enquiry.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Ynys Môn

Name:  Plas Gwyn

Previously Listed Name:  Moel Castell Mawr 

OS 1:50,000 map:  114, 115

Summit Height:  76.1m (converted to OSGM15)

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 52494 81743

Bwlch Height:  41.9m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 52209 81404 (LIDAR)

Drop:  34.2m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)

Dominance:  44.91% (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)

For details on the summit survey of this hill

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Coed Darcy (SS 711 955) - 38th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Coed Darcy

Significant Height Revisions post for Coed Darcy

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and which was listed in the Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, its location, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR summit image of Coed Darcy (SS 711 955)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Fforest Fawr group of hills, which are situated in the northern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is positioned with the B4290 and M4 roads to its east, and has the town of Castell-neth (Neath) towards the north-east.

The hill originally appeared in the 30-99m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under a partly transposed and invented name of Crymlyn Oil Refinery, with an accompanying note stating; Name from bog to the West and oil refinery at the summit. 

Crymlyn Oil Refinery

80c

SS711955

170

165

Name from bog to the West and oil refinery at the summit

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a bog and what I presumed to be the name of an oil refinery that was positioned on the summit of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map from 1998

Extract from the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website the oil refinery has been dismantled and a regeneration project is underway with 4,000 new homes planned.  The area of regeneration also takes in that of this hill and it is named Coed Darcy.

Extract from the website giving details of the Coed Darcy regeneration project

Therefore the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and was listed by (before its deletion due to the hill having less than 30m of drop) in the Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Coed Darcy, and this was derived from the name of the regeneration project taking place on the hill.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Fforest Fawr

Name:  Coed Darcy

Previously Listed Name:  Crymlyn Oil Refinery 

OS 1:50,000 map:  170

Summit Height:  80.4m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SS 71147 95565 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  53.0m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SS 71330 95324 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  27.4m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  N/A, insufficient drop (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Craig Dan y Rhiw (SS 708 940) - 37th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, its location, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Craig Dan y Rhiw

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Fforest Fawr group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is positioned with the Crymlyn Bog to its north-west, the Tennant Canal and the A483 road to its south, the B4290 road to its east and the M4 to its north-east, and has the town of Castell-nedd (Neath) towards its north-east.

The hill originally appeared in the 30-99m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under a partly invented, transposed and directional name of Jersey Marine Hill West Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from district to the South-East. 

Jersey Marine Hill West Top

89m

SS708941

170

165

Name from district to the South-East

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of what I presumed to be a district and add the words Hill and West Top to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historical such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website, and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map.  Both of these maps name a small crag on the upper southern slopes of this hill as Craig Dan y Rhiw and as it is appropriate in listing terms to use the name of a main named feature for that of the hill, it is this name that this hill is now listed by.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website

Therefore the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Craig Dan y Rhiw, and this was derived from the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps and the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website, and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map.  With the latter mapping only becoming publicly available after the original Welsh P30 lists were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Fforest Fawr

Name:  Craig Dan y Rhiw

Previously Listed Name:  Jersey Marine Hill West Top

OS 1:50,000 map:  170

Summit Height:  88.4m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SS 70808 94060 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  50.6m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SS 70934 94360 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  37.8m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  42.73% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2019)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Coed Bodlondeb (SH 779 781) - 36th significant name change

Survey post for Coed Bodlondeb

Hill Reclassifications post for Coed Bodlondeb

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, its location, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis, and a subsequent summit survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 conducted by Myrddyn Phillips, with the latter taking place on the 10^th October 2018.

LIDAR image of Coed Bodlondeb (SH 779 781)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015.

The hill is adjoined to the Carneddau group of hills, which are situated in the North-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it has the A547 road to its south-west and the Afon Conwy (River Conwy) to its north-east, and has the town of Conwy to its south. 

This hill did not appear in the original Welsh 30-99m P30 list published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, and was only listed as a P30 in August 2015 due to research conducted by Mark Jackson.  When this hill was subsequently listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales it appeared under the name of Bodlondeb Wood, which is a name that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language and where this is substantiated by either historic documentation and / or contemporary usage should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Coed Bodlondeb, and this was derived as the Welsh name for this hill is prioritised over its English equivalent, which for listing purposes is standard practice.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carneddau

Name:  Coed Bodlondeb

Previously Listed Name:  Bodlondeb Wood 

OS 1:50,000 map:  115

Summit Height:  55.6m (converted to OSGM15)

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 77921 78114

Bwlch Height:  22.9m (LIDAR, natural bwlch)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 77852 77725 (LIDAR, natural bwlch) 

Drop:  32.6m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)

Dominance:  58.70% (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)

My thanks to Aled Williams for his advice in relation to this hill name

For details on the summit survey of this hill

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2019)