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The
Marilyns of England
In June 1997 TACit Tables published a booklet entitled The Hewitts and Marilyns of England,
with a sister booklet to The Hewitts and
Marilyns of Wales being published in February of the same year. These booklets are two in a series of many
that the list author; Alan Dawson, compiled and had published by TACit Tables
mainly taking in P30 hills throughout Britain that are 2,000ft (609.6m) and above
in height.
The Marilyns originally appeared as all hills in Britain
that have a drop of at least 150m, irrespective of their height. Accompanying the main list is a sub-list
entitled Submarilyns, with the criteria being all hills in Britain that have
140m or more and below 150m of drop.
The listing of Marilyns was originally published in book
format by Cicerone Press in 1992 and entitled The Relative Hills of Britain, its author; Alan Dawson then separated the Welsh and English
component parts and published each in the TACit Tables booklets as detailed
above.
For those people who have completed an ascent of each listed
hill they would have visited all summits in England that have a minimum drop of
150m on all sides. These hills take in
the majority of upland areas in England from the wilderness of the Cheviot in
the north, to the openness of the Pennines and the compact beauty of the Lake
District, to the rock tors of Dartmoor in the south. However, Marilyns can also be found in the
North York Moors, the Shropshire Hills and parts of central and southern
England, each and every hill can leave memories that refresh the soul and body,
and for many it is the TACit Table booklet that has taken them on a journey
through some of the most beautiful landscape that Britain has to offer.
When the booklet was first published England was listed with
178 Marilyns and 39 Submarilyns. Since
these early days the influx of independent surveyors, LIDAR analysis and the
diligence of map study have added, deleted and reclassified a number of hills either
to Marilyn or Submarilyn status. But
what hills have changed status in this list and who was responsible for their
inclusion / exclusion?
The Change Register to The Marilyns of England since the
TACit Tables publication appears below in receding order under the hill name
used by Alan Dawson:
Change
Register
The
Marilyns of England
Lype Hill 423.8m at SS 95037 37109
%20-%20LIDAR%20summit%201.jpg) |
| LIDAR summit image of Lype Hill (SS 950 371) |
The drop value of this hill was listed as an estimated c
141m in the 2nd edition of The
Fours – The 400m Hills of England published by Mapping Mountains
Publications in April 2018, with an accompanying note stating; Triangulation pillar with 424.168m flush
bracket height situated on the summit area.
As the trig pillar sits atop an approximate 30cm high concrete plinth,
natural ground at the base of the trig will probably be just over 423.5m,
resulting in an approximate 140.6m of drop.
Inferring Submarilyn status as it was then listed with 139m of drop,
based on a 423m summit height and a 284m col height. Its eventual inclusion as a Submarilyn was
prompted by Joe Nuttall who produced a summit analysis programme using LIDAR
and then by the DoBIH team, resulting in a 423.8m summit height and a 283.4m
col height, with these values giving this hill 140.4m of drop, with this announced
on the 30th September 2022. English
Marilyn total confirmed as 174 and English Submarilyn total increases by one
and confirmed as 48.
The Verne 152.3m at SY 69148 73862
This hill was known to be a potential Submarilyn and its revised drop was proposed a number of years ago by the DoBIH team. However, it was not until LIDAR became available that an accurate height and drop could be given this hill. LIDAR analysis resulted in a 152.3m summit height and an 8.7m col height, with these values giving this hill 143.6m of drop, with its inclusion as a Submarilyn announced by the list author; Alan Dawson, in January 2021. English Marilyn total confirmed as 174 and English Submarilyn total increases by one and confirmed as 47.
Hen Comb 506.2m at NY 13214 18118
%20-%20LIDAR%20hill%201.jpg) |
| LIDAR image of Hen Comb (NY 132 181) |
This hill was listed in the TACit Tables booklet as a Submarilyn
with 140m of drop based on the 509m summit spot height that appears on the
Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map and a 369m col
height. Its deletion from Submarilyn
status is due to Joe Nuttall’s summit analysis programme which uses LIDAR to
ascertain heights and drops of hills, and subsequent LIDAR analysis conducted by
the DoBIH team, resulting in a 506.2m summit height and a 367.4m col height,
with these values giving this hill 138.8m of drop, with its deletion
announced by the list author; Alan Dawson, in January 2021. English
Marilyn total confirmed as 174 and English Submarilyn total decreases by one
and confirmed as 46.
Cheriton Hill 187.7m at TR 19713 39687
This hill was known to be a potential reclassification from
Marilyn to Submarilyn status as Alan Dawson had surveyed it in 2016 resulting
in 149.7m of drop. However, due to the margin
of error at both the summit and col the hill was left with a listed 150m of
drop until further evidence was available.
The details for this hill
were subsequently analysed via LIDAR by the DoBIH team, which was prompted by
the result produced by Joe Nuttall’s summit analysis programme which
uses LIDAR to ascertain heights and drops of hills. LIDAR analysis resulted in a 187.7m summit height and a 38.0m col
height, with the previously listed col position now swapped with that for Detling
Hill (TQ 803 586), with these values giving this hill 149.7m of drop, with its new
classification announced by the list author; Alan Dawson, in January 2021. English
Marilyn total decreases by one and confirmed as 174 and English Submarilyn
total increases by one and confirmed as 47.
Barns
Cliff End 222m at SE 93929 94641
This hill was known to be a potential Submarilyn and its revised
drop was proposed in January 2019 with a Change Log request on DoBIH submitted
by Chris Crocker, with the values given in DoBIH being a 222m summit height and
an estimated c 81m col height, with these values giving this hill c 141m of
drop. However, with two uppermost 225m
ring contours on the OS Maps website, a 224m spot height outside of these ring
contours on the Ordnance Survey non-contour Vector Map Local hosted on the
Geograph website and a 226m spot height on the WalkLakes website that
compliments the position of the westerly of the two 225m OS Maps contours, this
hill’s listed drop value may increase in the future. English Marilyn total confirmed as 175 and
English Submarilyn total increases by one and confirmed as 46.
Overmoor 288.8m at SJ 96517 47725
 |
| LIDAR image of Overmoor (SJ 965 477) |
This hill was known to be a potential Submarilyn and its revised
drop was ascertained from LIDAR analysis initially conducted by Chris Crocker,
with LIDAR giving a 288.8m summit height and a 148.2m col height, with these
values sufficient for the hill to be classified as a Submarilyn, and its new classification
was accepted by the list author; Alan Dawson, in January 2017. English Marilyn total confirmed as 175 and
English Submarilyn total increases by one and confirmed as 45.
Swyre Head 206.6m at SY 93411 78457
 |
| LIDAR image of Swyre Head (SY 934 784) |
Having been reclassified to Marilyn status in late 1998 and
listed with 150m of drop based on an increased summit height from 203m to 208m
and the col height of 58m, this hill was subsequently surveyed by John Barnard
and Jenny Barnard on the 17th May 2015 using a Leica GS15, resulting
in a 206.6m summit height and a 58.4m col height, with these values giving this
hill 148.2m of drop, which upon acceptance by Alan Dawson as list compiler
reclassified this hill back to Submarilyn status. The details for this hill were subsequently
analysed via LIDAR by Myrddyn Phillips resulting in a 206.6m summit height positioned
at SY 93411 78457 and a 58.3m col height positioned at SY 85696 81843, with
these values giving this hill 148.3m of drop.
English Marilyn total decreases by one and confirmed as 175 and English
Submarilyn total increases by one and confirmed as 44.
Great How 333.1m at NY 31377 18720
 |
| LIDAR image of Great How (NY 313 187) |
This hill was known to be a potential Submarilyn and its
status was confirmed due to a GNSS survey conducted by Alan Dawson on the 7th
March 2015 using a Leica RX1250, resulting in a 333.1m summit height and a 192.3m
col height, with these values giving this hill 140.8m of drop. English Marilyn total confirmed as 176 and
English Submarilyn total increases by one and confirmed as 43.
Moneylaws Hill 246.3m at NT 87258 34723
This hill was proposed as a Submarilyn in January 2013 with
a Change Log request on DoBIH submitted by Chris Crocker, and its new
classification was accepted by the list author; Alan Dawson, who subsequently
surveyed the hill on the 15th August 2013 using a Leica RX1250, resulting
in a 246.3m summit height and a 106.3m col height, with these values giving
this hill 140.0m of drop, which confirmed its status as a Submarilyn. English Marilyn total confirmed as 176 and
English Submarilyn total increases by one and confirmed as 42.
Lovely Seat 674.8m at SD 87904 95043
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| The Leica 530 gathering data at the summit of Lovely Seat (SD 879 950) |
This hill was listed in the TACit Tables booklet as a
Marilyn with an estimated c 150m of drop based on the 675m summit height that
appears as a spot height on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger map and an
estimated col height of c 525m based on interpolation of 10m contouring between
520m – 530m. The hill was subsequently
surveyed by John Barnard, Graham Jackson and Myrddyn Phillips on the 13th
May 2010 using a Leica 530, with Stephen Edwards and Llion Iwan also in
attendance, resulting in a 674.8m summit height and a 525.7m col height, with
these values giving this hill 149.1m of drop, which confirmed its status as a
Submarilyn,
with a retrospective Hill Reclassification post published on Mapping Mountains. English Marilyn total
decreases by one and confirmed as 176 and English Submarilyn total increases by
one and confirmed as 41.
Baystones 486.9m at NY 40312 05143
 |
| The Leica 530 gathering data at the summit of Baystones (NY 403 051) |
Having been reclassified to Marilyn status in May 2001 with
150m of drop with a 488m summit height and a 338m col height based on
information Alan Dawson received from Ordnance Survey, this hill was
subsequently surveyed by John Barnard, Graham Jackson and Myrddyn Phillips on
the 18th September 2009 using a Leica 530, resulting in a 486.9m
summit height and a 339.2m col height, with these values giving this hill 147.7m
of drop, which upon acceptance by Alan Dawson as list compiler reclassified this
hill back to Submarilyn status,
with a retrospective Hill Reclassification post published on Mapping Mountains. English
Marilyn total decreases by one and confirmed as 177 and English Submarilyn
total increases by one and confirmed as 40.
Raw Head 227.1m at SJ 50844 54841
 |
| The Leica 530 gathering data at the summit of Raw Head (SJ 508 548) |
This hill was listed as a Marilyn in the TACit Tables
booklet with 150m of drop, based on the 227m summit spot height adjoined to a
triangulation pillar and the 77m col height.
The hill was subsequently surveyed with the col survey taking place on
the 9th January 2009 and conducted by John Barnard, Graham Jackson,
Janet Jackson and Myrddyn Phillips and the summit survey taking place on the 16th
January 2009 and conducted by John Barnard, Graham Jackson and Myrddyn
Phillips, using a Leica 530 and resulting in a 227.1m summit height and a 78.7m
col height, with these values giving this hill 148.4m of drop, confirming its
reclassification to Submarilyn status, with
a retrospective Hill Reclassification post published on Mapping Mountains. English
Marilyn total decreases by one and confirmed as 178 and English Submarilyn
total increases by one and confirmed as 39.
Black Mountain 703.7m at SO 25520 35383
 |
| Black Mountain is now listed as just a Welsh Marilyn |
When The Hewitts and
Marilyns of England booklet was published this hill was included in both
the English and the preceding Welsh Marilyn list as its summit was considered
to be positioned on the border between each country. This dual listing status was reassessed by
Alan Dawson and its Welsh Marilyn listing retained and its English Marilyn listing
relinquished when the Update to The
Relative Hills of Britain was published in April 2006, with an accompanying
note stating; Black Mountain is on the
border but counted in Wales. The hill was subsequently
surveyed on the 28th September 2017 with a repeat summit survey
taking place on the 12th July 2018 by Myrddyn Phillips using a
Trimble GeoXH 6000 to determine the summit height and its position relating to
the border between England and Wales, with assistance from Mark Trengove on the
second survey. Subsequent consultation
with Ordnance Survey and the Boundary Commission for Wales resulted in confirmation
that the border between England and Wales as given on the Ordnance Survey
MasterMap is positioned 12 metres east from the grid coordinates for the summit
of this hill, and even though evidence supports the border follows the
watershed the summit for now is considered to be positioned in Wales. English Marilyn total decreases
by one and confirmed as 179 and English Submarilyn total confirmed as 38.
Arnside Knott 159.1m at SD 45612 77479
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| The Leica 530 gathering data at the summit of Arnside Knott (SD 456 774) |
This hill was promoted directly to Marilyn status in May
2005 and listed with 150m of drop based on the 159m summit height adjoined to a
triangulation pillar that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger
and 1:25,000 Explorer maps and a col height of 9m, and
was dependent upon assessment of Ordnance Survey data on larger scaled maps conducted
by Jonathan de Ferranti. Its promotion to Marilyn status is dependent
upon a rail cutting at the col and its classification bi-passed the Submarilyns
as it was never listed in this sub category.
The hill has subsequently been surveyed by John Barnard, Jim Bloomer, Graham
Jackson and Myrddyn Phillips on the 11th October 2010 using a Leica 530,
resulting in a 159.1m summit height and an 8.3m col height, with these values
giving this hill 150.8m of drop and confirming its Marilyn status. The
details for this hill were subsequently analysed via LIDAR by Myrddyn Phillips
resulting in its col position being relocated approximately 1-1km further south
and its drop value decreasing to 150.7m.
English Marilyn total increases by one and confirmed as 180 and English
Submarilyn total confirmed as 38.
Baystones 486.9m at NY 40312 05143
 |
| Gathering data with the Leica 530 during the col survey of Baystones (see above) |
The classification of this hill has a convoluted history as
it was originally listed as a Marilyn in the 1992 publication of The Relative Hills of Britain; it was
subsequently reclassified to Submarilyn status in 1995 with 149m of drop and
then re-instated as a Marilyn in May 2001 with 150m of drop with a 488m summit
height and a 338m col height based on information Alan Dawson received from
Ordnance Survey. Baystones was
subsequently surveyed by John Barnard, Graham Jackson and Myrddyn Phillips using
a Leica 530 which resulted in its reclassification back to Submarilyn status
(see above). English Marilyn total increases
by one and confirmed as 179 and English Submarilyn total decreases by one and
confirmed as 38.
Nine Barrow Down 199.8m at SZ 00846 81200
 |
| LIDAR image of Nine Barrow Down (SZ 008 812) |
This hill was listed in the TACit Tables booklet as a
Submarilyn with an estimated c 146m of drop based on the 199m summit height and
an estimated col height of c 53m. This
hill was subsequently reclassified to Marilyn status in late 1998 and listed
with an estimated c 152m of drop based on the 199m summit height and an
estimated col height of c 47m, with this reclassification dependent upon the
depth of the rail cutting at the col. The
hill has subsequently been surveyed by Alan Dawson on the 29th
October 2016 using a Leica RX1250, resulting in a 199.8m summit height and a
47.8m col height, with these values giving this hill 152.1m of drop and
confirming its Marilyn status. English Marilyn total
increases by one and confirmed as 178 and English Submarilyn total decreases by
one and confirmed as 39.
Swyre Head 206.6m at SY 93411 78457
 |
| LIDAR image of Swyre Head (SY 934 784) |
This hill was listed in the TACit Tables booklet as a
Submarilyn with 145m of drop based on the 203m summit height that appears as a
spot height on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer
map and the 58m col height which appears as a spot height on the Ordnance
Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map. This hill
was subsequently reclassified to Marilyn status in late 1998 and listed with 150m
of drop based on an increased summit height from 203m to 208m and the col
height of 58m. Swyre Head was
subsequently surveyed by John Barnard and Jenny Barnard using a Leica GS15
which resulted in its reclassification back to Submarilyn status (see
above). English Marilyn total increases
by one and confirmed as 177 and English Submarilyn total decreases by one and
confirmed as 40.
Milk Hill 294.3m at SU 10427 64314
 |
| Ordnance Survey field surveyor (no pun intended) gathering data at the summit of Milk Hill (SU 104 643) |
When
the TACit Tables booklet was published this hill was listed as a Marilyn with
an estimated c 151m of drop based on a 295m summit height and an estimated col
height of c 144m. Its inclusion as a
Marilyn was dependent upon a railway cutting and the misleading representation
of contours on the Ordnance Survey 1:10,000 map, the hill having been promoted
to this status in April 1997 after Charles Everett visited the col on the 12th
March 1997 and conducted an on-site plumb line survey from the road surface to
the rail line, with the resulting details forwarded to the list author. The newly appointed Marilyn status of this
hill was queried by David Purchase who conducted a detailed on-site visit to
the area of the col and forwarded his findings to the list author in August
1997. Its reclassification to Submarilyn
status was announced in the Update to The
Relative Hills of Britain sheet in April 1999. The hill was subsequently surveyed by John
Barnard, Graham Jackson and Myrddyn Phillips on the 20th April 2009 using
a Leica 530, resulting in a 294.3m summit height and a 148.0m col height, with
these values giving this hill 146.3m of drop, confirming its status as a Submarilyn. A later survey of Milk Hill and the adjacent
twin map heighted summit of Tan Hill (SU 082 647) was conducted by Ordnance
Survey with the three aforementioned surveyors present and filmed for the BBC’s
Countryfile with the question of what is the highest hill in Wiltshire being
answered. It is Milk Hill. English Marilyn total decreases by one and
confirmed as 176 and English Submarilyn total increases by one and confirmed as
41.
Abberley Hill 283m at SO 75192 67222
 |
| The col of Abberley Hill prior to the disused rail cutting being filled in. Photo: Charles Everett |
This hill was originally listed in the TACit Tables booklet as a Marilyn with an estimated c 157m of drop based on a 285m summit height and an estimated col height of c 128m. Its inclusion as a Marilyn was dependent upon a disused railway cutting, the hill having been promoted to this status in April 1997 after Charles Everett visited the col on the 12th March 1997 and conducted an on-site plumb line survey, with the details of the resulting 18m depth from the road surface to the disused rail cutting being forwarded to the list author. Its reclassification to Submarilyn status was announced in the Update to The Relative Hills of Britain sheet in April 1999 and this was due to the railway cutting having been filled in at the critical col. English Marilyn total decreases by one and confirmed as 177 and English Submarilyn total increases by one and confirmed as 40.
1997 (June) – TACit Tables publishes The Hewitts and Marilyns of England.
English Marilyn total confirmed as 178 and English Submarilyn
total confirmed as 39.
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