Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Y Trechol –The Dominant Hills of Wales – Significant Name Changes

Y Trechol –The Dominant Hills of Wales are the Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height, accompanying the Dominant list is a sub list entitled The Lesser Dominant Hills of Wales with the criteria for this sub category being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on 03.012.15 with its Introduction giving details to its compilation and criteria, with Change Registers also created for the Dominant and the Lesser Dominant category.

The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips and the posts that have appeared on Mapping Mountains detailing the significant name changes to the Dominant and Lesser Dominant list appear below presented chronologically in receding order.

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Penlan (SN 744 367) - 105th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Penlan (SN 744 367)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and the list is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the invented and transposed name of Banc Penlan, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South-East.

Banc Penlan

233m

SN744367

146/160

187

Name from buildings to the South-East

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm and add the word Banc to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 170 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as a part of Penlan in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Cil-y-cwm and in the county named as Carmarthen. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Penlan and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Mallaen

Name:  Penlan

Previously Listed Name:  Banc Penlan   

OS 1:50,000 map:  146, 160

Summit Height:  232.2m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 74453 36723 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  148.7m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 73276 37121 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  83.5m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  35.98% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (March 2022)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Y Lan (SN 737 340) - 104th significant name change

Summit Relocations post for Y Lan

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Y Lan (SN 737 340)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and the list is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the transposed name of Allt Ddu, which is a prominent name that appears north-west of the summit of this hill on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.

Allt Ddu

244m

SN739340

146

12/187

Clem/Yeaman. Trig pillar.

 

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore, I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate, with the previously listed name of Allt Ddu applicable to land that does not take in the summit of this hill. 

This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 455 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Y Lan in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llandingad and in the county named as Carmarthen. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Y Lan and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Mallaen

Name:  Y Lan

Previously Listed Name:  Allt Ddu   

OS 1:50,000 map:  146, 160

Summit Height:  244.4m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 73776 34010 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  135.75m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 74333 34767 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  108.6m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  44.45% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (March 2022)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Minfield (SO 136 359) - 103rd significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Minfield (SO 136 359)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn PHillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Epynt group of hills, which are situated in the central part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with minor roads to its north-east and south, the A470 road to its north-west, the A438 road farther to its south and the A479 road farther to its north-east. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the transposed and invented name of Mintfield Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from farm to the North-East.

Mintfield Top

231m

SO137360

161

13/188

Name from farm to the North-East

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm and add the word Top to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Tithe map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the apportionments

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 331 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as a part of the Lands on the Minfield, with adjacent land documented as in Minfield in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Bronllys and in the county named as Brecon. 

Extract from Google Maps with the spelling of the farm as Minfield

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Minfield and this was derived from the Tithe map, with the spelling of the name without the use of a ‘t’ substantiated by the sign leading to the farm of the same name. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Epynt

Name:  Minfield

Previously Listed Name:  Mintfield Top   

OS 1:50,000 map:  161

Summit Height:  231.0m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 13675 35967 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  152.1m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 12397 35535 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  78.9m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  34.14% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (March 2022)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Y Fenni Fach (SO 014 294) - 102nd significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Y Fenni Fach (SO 014 294)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Epynt group of hills, which are situated in the central part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with minor roads to its north-east and north-west, and the A40 road to its south, and has the town of Aberhonddu (Brecon) towards the east. 

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the invented and transposed name of Moel Fenni-fach, with an accompanying note stating; Name from farm to the South-East.

Moel Fenni-fach

290c

SO015295

160

12

Clem/Yeaman. Name from farm to the South-East.

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since the original publication of the Welsh P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website a number of place-name books have been accessed to either find or substantiate locally known and/or historic names for hills.  One of the books accessed is A Study of Breconshire Place-Names, published in 1999 by Gwasg Carreg Gwalch and researched and written by Richard Morgan and R. F. Peter Powell.  It is this book that documents the name of Y Fenni Fach, referencing the name applied to the hill in 1832. 

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Y Fenni Fach and this was derived from A Study of Breconshire Place-Names by Richard Morgan and R. F. Peter Powell. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Epynt

Name:  Y Fenni Fach

Previously Listed Name:  Moel Fenni-fach   

OS 1:50,000 map:  160

Summit Height:  290.9m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 01449 29465 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  179.9m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 01471 30353 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  111.0m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  38.16% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (February 2022)

  

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Bryn Myga (SN 625 803) - 101st significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Bryn Myga (SN 625 803)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Pen y Garn group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with minor roads to its north and south, the A44 road farther to its north and the A4120 road farther to its south, and has the town of Aberystwyth towards the west north-west. 

The hill appeared in the original 100m Welsh P30list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the invented and transposed name of Pen y Coed Cwm-lletty, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the North-East.

Pen y Coed Cwm-lletty

137m

SN625803

135

213

Name from wood to the North-East

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a wood and add the words Pen y to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 722 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Bryn Myga in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanbadarn Fawr and in the county named as Cardigan. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Bryn Myga and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Pen y Garn 

Name:  Bryn Myga

Previously Listed Name:  Pen y Coed Cwm-lletty 

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  137.9m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 62508 80300 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  91.6m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 62722 79867 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  45.8m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  33.36% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (February 2022)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Garth Ganol (SH 626 394) - 100th significant name change

Survey post for Garth Ganol

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Garth Ganol (SH 626 394)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and the list is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Moelwynion group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned with the A487 road to its north-west and the A496 road to its south-east, and has the town of Penrhyndeudraeth towards the west. 

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed name of Bryn Dwyryd, which is a prominent name that appears close to this hill on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps.

Bryn Dwyryd

75m

SH626395

124

18

 

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore, I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate, with the previously listed name of Bryn Dwyryd presumed to be that of the hill, when it is a name of a house.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 1433 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Garth Ganol in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parishes of Llanfihangel-y-traethau and Llandecwyn and in the county named as Merioneth. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Garth Ganol and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Moelwynion 

Name:  Garth Ganol

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn Dwyryd 

OS 1:50,000 map:  124

Summit Height:  75.6m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 62600 39430 (LIDAR)               

Bwlch Height:  27.7m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 62671 40069 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  47.8m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  63.30% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (December 2021)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Cefn Coch (SH 610 396) - 99th significant name change

Survey post for Cefn Coch

Significant Height Revisions post for Cefn Coch

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Cefn Coch (SH 610 396)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and the list is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Moelwynion group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned with the A498 road and the B4410 road to its north-west, the A497 road and the A487 road to its south-west and the A4085 road to its east, and has the town of Penrhyndeudraeth towards the south. 

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the invented and transposed name of Bryn Ty-fry, with an accompanying note stating; Name from house to the West.

Bryn Ty-fry

81m

SH611396

124

18

86m on 1984 1:50000 map. Name from house to the West

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.  

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, and the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites.  One of the historic maps now available online is the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map and it is detail on this map that forms the basis for the change in the listed name of this hill. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch 'Old Series' map

The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map was the first map that Ordnance Survey had published and this culminated from the whole of Britain being surveyed between 1791 and 1874 and the detail gathered therein produced at a scale of one inch to the mile and published in sheet format between 1805 and 1874.  The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ maps for the whole of Wales are now available online; they are also available in map format as enlarged and re-projected versions to match the scale and dimensions of the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger series and are published by Cassini.  This series of maps form another important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names and bridge the time frame leading up to the production of the Ordnance Survey base map of the Six-Inch series, and importantly for this hill and its listed name, it is this map that has the name of Cefn Coch adjacent to this hill. 

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Cefn Coch and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map.

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Moelwynion 

Name:  Cefn Coch

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn Ty-fry 

OS 1:50,000 map:  124

Summit Height:  86.6m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 61030 39620 (LIDAR)               

Bwlch Height:  51.5m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 61461 39763 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  35.1m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  40.51% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (December 2021)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Bryn y Gaer (SJ 313 574) - 98th significant name change

Survey post for Bryn y Gaer

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

The summit of Bryn y Gaer (SJ 313 574)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Bryniau Clwyd group of hills which are situated in the north-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A2), and it is positioned with the A550 road to its west, a minor road to its south and the B5373 road to its north-east, and has the village of Yr Hôb (Hope) towards the north-west. 

When the original 100m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was listed under the name of Caer Estyn, which is a prominent name that appears close to the summit of this hill on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map, and is the name given the remains of an ancient hill fort that is positioned on this hill. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, and the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites, and it is the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps that name this hill Bryn y Gaer. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

After parking my car and getting my boots on and just before setting out for this hill I commented to a woman, who appeared close to my car and who was taking her daughter out, what a beautiful morning it was, I asked if she was local and then asked about the name of the hill, she replied it’s known as Bryn y Gaer.  After visiting the hill and arriving back at my car I met a man walking his dog, he was also local and we chatted about the hill and I asked him about its name, he also replied that it is known as Bryn y Gaer. 

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Bryn y Gaer, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps and substantiated by local enquiry.  As Bryn y Gaer is the name of the hill, this is prioritised in favour of the name of an ancient hill fort. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Bryniau Clwyd 

Name:  Bryn y Gaer

Previously Listed Name:  Caer Estyn 

OS 1:50,000 map:  117

Summit Height:  153.9m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 31381 57459 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  95.8m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 31774 58223 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  58.1m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  37.74% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (December 2021)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Fforest (SN 777 393) - 97th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Fforest (SN 777 393)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales.  Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the Sub-Trichant with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the Introduction to the list and the renaming of it appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 13^th May 2017. 

Y Trichant - The 300m Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Elenydd group of hills, which are situated in the central part of the Mid and West Wales Region (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with minor roads to its west and south-east, and the A483 road farther to its south-east, and has the town of Llanymddyfri (Llandovery) towards the south. 

When the original 300m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was listed under the directional name of Fforest North-East Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from hill to the South-West.

Fforest North-East Top

341m

SN778393

146/160

187

Name from hill to the South-West.

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them, or as in this instance use a directional name based on the name given an adjacent hill to the south-west on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The previously listed name of Fforest North-East Top was based on the position of the name Fforest on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.  This position is at contrast to how it appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger map, with the former intimating that the name is just applicable to the lower adjacent hill to the south-west, whilst the latter intimates that the name is applicable to both hills. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the old Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was named the Interactive Coverage Map and the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites.  One of the historic maps now available is the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map which when coupled with the positioning on this hill’s name on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger map formed the basis for the change in this hill’s listed name. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch 'Old Series' map

The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map was the first map that the Ordnance Survey produced, and their publication culminated from the whole of Britain being surveyed between 1791 and 1874 and the detail gathered therein produced at a scale of one inch to the mile and published in sheet format between 1805 and 1874.  The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ maps for the whole of Wales are now available online; they are also available in map format as enlarged and re-projected versions to match the scale and dimensions of the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger series and are published by Cassini.  This series of maps form another important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names and bridge the timeframe leading up to the production of the Ordnance Survey base map of the Six-Inch series, and importantly for this hill and its listed name, it is this map that shows the extended name of Fforest taking in this hill and its lower adjacent hill to the south-west. 

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Fforest, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger map and substantiated by the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Elenydd 

Name:  Fforest 

Previously Listed Name:  Fforest North-East Top 

OS 1:50,000 map:  146, 160

Summit Height:  341.3m (LIDAR)                                                           

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 77781 39333 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  197.4m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 78243 41343 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  143.9m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  42.17% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2021)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Allt yr Hebog (SN 686 444) - 96th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary maps produced from Ordnance Survey data. 

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales.  Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the Sub-Trichant with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the Introduction to the list and the renaming of it appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 13^th May 2017. 

Y Trichant - The 300m Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Elenydd group of hills, which are situated in the central part of the Mid and West Wales Region (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with minor roads to its north-west, west, south and east, and the A482 road farther to its south-west, and has the small community of Cwrtycadno towards the east south-east. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

When the original 300m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was listed under the name of Pen Allt-yr-hebog, with an accompanying note stating; aka Allt yr Hebog.  With both of these names appearing near the summit of this hill on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, with the presumption being that the old prioritised name applied to the summit and the non-prioritised name applied to the hill.

Pen Allt-yr-hebog

342m

SN686445

146

187/199

Clem/Yeaman. aka Allt yr Hebog

 

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the old Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, and the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites, and it is the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps that give the name of Allt yr Hebog in larger font compared to that of Pen Allt-yr-hebog, with one denoting the hill and the other the summit. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Allt yr Hebog and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map with the name of the hill now prioritised over that of its summit name, with this substantiated by the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Elenydd 

Name:  Allt yr Hebog 

Previously Listed Name:  Pen Allt-yr-hebog 

OS 1:50,000 map:  146

Summit Height:  342m (spot height)                                                           

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 68643 44484 (hand-held GPS via DoBIH) 

Bwlch Height:  c 203m (interpolation) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 68883 44860 (interpolation) 

Drop:  c 139m (spot height summit and interpolated bwlch) 

Dominance:  40.64% (spot height summit and interpolated bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2021)

 

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Dôl Gron (SJ 171 137) - 95th significant name change 

Survey post for Dôl Gron

  

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Dôl Gron (SJ 171 137)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is positioned with the Afon Efyrnwy (River Vyrnwy) and the A495 road to its north-west and minor roads to its south and east, and has the village of Meifod towards the west south-west. 

When the original 100m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the invented and transposed name of Bryn y Clolyn, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South-East.

 

Bryn y Clolyn

160c

SJ172137

125

239

Name from buildings to the South-East.

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a house and prefix it with the words Bryn y.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

This hill was the third of five hills visited during the day, all of which formed separate walks.  When visiting the fourth hill; Quarry Field (SJ 183 147) I was fortunate to meet the local farmer; Richard Morris of Cil Farm.  During our conversation Richard explained that he grew up in this community and farmed all his adult life, but only took over this field three years ago.  I mentioned the previous hill I had been up and he told me it also forms a part of the land that he farms, and like Quarry Field, he also took over this hill three years ago.  He told me the name of the hill I had previously visited is Dôl Gron. 

Richard Morris

When back home I checked the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps and there under the hill positioned at SJ 171 137 is an old house named Ddol-gron, with the near wood also named as Coed Ddol-gron.  Dôl Gron is translated in to English as the Round or Rounded Meadow, an apt description of the hill and especially so for its upper section. 

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Dôl Gron and this was derived from local enquiry. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Carnedd Wen 

Name:  Dôl Gron

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn y Clolyn 

OS 1:50,000 map:  125

Summit Height:  165.8m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 17143 13703 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  109.7m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 17539 13499 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  56.2m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch) 

Dominance:  33.87% (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (September 2021)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Pt. 88m (SH 311 869) - 94th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary maps produced from Ordnance Survey data. 

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned with the coast to its west, minor roads to its north and south-east and the A5025 road farther to its east, and has the village of Llanfaethlu towards the east. 

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed name of Maes Maethlu, which is a prominent name that appears near the summit of this hill on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.

Maes Maethlu

85c

SH311869

114

262

 

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore, I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate, with the previously listed name of Maes Maethlu applying to a street and not necessarily to the hill itself. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.  However, even when research is conducted an appropriate name for the hill may not be found, and on such occasions, including for this hill the listing protocol is to use the point (Pt. 88m) notation. 

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Pt. 88m, and this is being used as the author has not found an appropriate name for the hill either through historic research and / or local enquiry. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Ynys Môn 

Name:  Pt. 88m

Previously Listed Name:  Maes Maethlu 

OS 1:50,000 map:  114

Summit Height:  88m (spot height)

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 31119 86934 (hand-held GPS via DoBIH)

Bwlch Height:  52m (spot height)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 32093 87850 (spot height) 

Drop:  36m (spot height summit and bwlch)

Dominance:  40.91% (spot height summit and bwlch)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (July 2021)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Ynys Cynfelyn (SN 649 919) - 93rd significant name change

Significant Height Revisions post for Ynys Cynfelyn

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Ynys Cynfelyn (SN 649 919)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Pumlumon group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with the coast to its west, the B4353 road to its north, a minor road to its south and the A487 road to its east, and has the village of Tal-y-bont towards the south. 

When the original 30-99m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the transposed name of Plas y Gwynfryn, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the West.

Plas y Gwynfryn

40c

SN649919

135

23

Name from buildings to the West

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a house and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Online research found reference to this hill is a book entitled Annals and Antiquities of the Counties and County Families of Wales by Thomas Nicholas.  The reference in this book names the hill as Ynys Cynfelyn.  An extract from this book is given below. 

Extract from the Annals and Antiquities of the Counties and County Families of Wales by Thomas Nicholas

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Ynys Cynfelyn and this was derived from the Annals and Antiquities of the Counties and County Families of Wales by Thomas Nicholas. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Pumlumon 

Name:  Ynys Cynfelyn

Previously Listed Name:  Plas y Gwynfryn 

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  45.1m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 64923 91967 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  5.5m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 65441 92012 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  39.65m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  87.88% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (July 2021)

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Penlan (SN 595 863) - 92nd significant name change

Summit Relocations post for Penlan

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Penlan (SN 595 863)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Pumlumon group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with the coast to its west, a minor road to its south and the B4572 road to its east, and has the village of Llangorwen towards the south. 

When the original 100m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the transposed name of Moelcerni, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the North-East.

Moelcerni

137m

SN595863

135

213

Name from buildings to the North-East

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number E231 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Penlan in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanbadarn Fawr and in the county named as Cardigan. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Penlan and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Pumlumon 

Name:  Penlan

Previously Listed Name:  Moelcerni 

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  137.4m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 59521 86313 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  83.8m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 59661 86697 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  53.6m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  39.01% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2021)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Banc Rhos Cellan (SN 592 850) - 91st significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Banc Rhos Cellan (SN 592 850)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Pumlumon group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with the coast to its west, a minor road to its south and the B4572 road to its east, and has the village of Llangorwen towards the south-east. 

When the original 100m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the invented and transposed name of Mynydd Rosgellan-fach, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the North-East.

Mynydd Rhosgellan-fach

131m

SN593851

135

213

Name from buildings to the North-East

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near farm and prefix it with the word Mynydd.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number E245 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Banc Rhos Cellan in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanbadarn Fawr and in the county named as Cardigan. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Banc Rhos Cellan and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Pumlumon 

Name:  Banc Rhos Cellan

Previously Listed Name:  Mynydd Rhosgellan-fach 

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  131.5m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 59298 85073 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  58.8m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 59744 85128 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  72.7m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  55.32% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2021)

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Pen y Brigni (SN 632 888) - 90th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Pen y Brigni (SN 632 888)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Pumlumon group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is encircled by minor roads with farther afield the B4353 road to its south-west and the A487 road to its south-east, and has the village of Y Borth towards the west. 

When the original 100m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the transposed name of Bryn-yr-eithin, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the West.

Bryn-yr-eithin

134m

SN633889

135

213

Name from buildings to the West

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number B241 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Pen y Brigni in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanfihangel Genau’r Glyn and in the county named as Cardigan. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Pen y Brigni and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Pumlumon 

Name:  Pen y Brigni

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn-yr-eithin 

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  133.5m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 63271 88874 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  87.3m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 64197 89109 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  46.2m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  34.61% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2021)

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Castell (SN 585 789) - 89th significant name change

Survey post for Castell

Significant Height Revisions post for Castell

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

The view from the summit of Castell (SN 585 789)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Elenydd group of hills which are situated in the central part of the Mid and West Wales Region (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with the coast to its west, the Afon Ystwyth to its east and the A487 road farther to its east, and has the town of Aberystwyth towards the north. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Y Castell, with an accompanying note stating; Name from ring and bailey at summit.

Y Castell

73m

SN585790

135

213

Name from ring and bailey at summit

 

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, and the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites.  Two of the historic maps now available online are the Draft Surveyors map and the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map and it is these maps that form the basis for the compositional change in this hill’s listed name. 

The Draft Surveyor maps consist of the preliminary drawings made by the Ordnance Survey surveyors between the 1780s and 1840 and formed the basis for the first publicly available One-Inch map.  They were drawn at scales of six inches to the mile for areas considered of particular military significance and down to two inches to the mile for other areas.  Fair copies were then produced from these preliminary drawings to one inch to the mile and then copper plates were prepared for printing.  The Draft Surveyors maps for the whole of Wales are now available online and they form an important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names as they bridge the time frame between the late 18^th century and the mid-19^th century when the Ordnance Survey produced their first One-Inch maps, and importantly for this hill and its listed name, it is this map that shows the name as Castell, without the use of the definite article Y. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map

The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map was the first map that Ordnance Survey had published and this culminated from the whole of Britain being surveyed between 1791 and 1874 and the detail gathered therein produced at a scale of one inch to the mile and published in sheet format between 1805 and 1874.  The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ maps for the whole of Wales are now available online; they are also available in map format as enlarged and re-projected versions to match the scale and dimensions of the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger series and are published by Cassini.  This series of maps form another important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names and bridge the time frame leading up to the production of the Ordnance Survey base map of the Six-Inch series, and importantly for this hill and its listed name, it is also this map that shows the name as Castell, without the use of the definite article Y. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch 'Old Series' map

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Castell and the composition and confirmation of its name was derived from the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map and the One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Elenydd 

Name:  Castell

Previously Listed Name:  Y Castell 

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  77.2m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 58516 78997 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  42.3m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 58197 78954 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  34.9m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch) 

Dominance:  45.21% (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2021) 

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Ynys Fach (SN 668 951) - 88th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Ynys Fach

Significant Height Revisions post for Ynys Fach

Summit Relocations post for Ynys Fach

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived by Joe Nuttall who produced a summit analysis programme using LIDAR, and then by LIDAR analysis initially conducted by Jim Bloomer and subsequently by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Ynys Fach (SN 668 951)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Pumlumon group of hills which are situated in the north-western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it has the A487 road to its south-east and the town of Machynlleth towards the north-east. 

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed name of Ynys Greigiog, which is a prominent name that appears adjacent to this hill on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps.

Ynys Greigiog

30c

SN670948

135

23

 

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore, I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, and the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites, and it is the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps that give the name of Ynys Fach. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Ynys Fach and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Pumlumon 

Name:  Ynys Fach

Previously Listed Name:  Ynys Greigiog 

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  43.5m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 66845 95141 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  2.1m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 67483 95096 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  41.3m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  95.10% (LIDAR)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2021)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Ponciau Tre Wilmot (SH 227 816) - 87th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary maps produced from Ordnance Survey data and by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Ponciau Tre Wilmot (SH 227 816)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned on Ynys Gybi (Holyhead Island) to the west of Ynys Môn, and is encircled by minor roads with the A55 farther to its east, and has the town of Caergybi (Holyhead) towards the east. 

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed name of Tre-wilmot, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the North-West.

Tre-wilmot

77m

SH228817

114

262

Name from buildings to the North-West

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of an old farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

This was one of a number of hills visited during the day and I was eventually directed to Wyn Roberts who lives at Glan Gors Goch Uchaf.  As I explained my interest in the hill and its name, Wyn invited me in and offered me a cup of tea, explaining as he did so that the name of the series of little tops that take in this hill is Ponciau Tre Wilmot. 

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Ponciau Tre Wilmot and this was derived from local enquiry.

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Ynys Môn 

Name:  Ponciau Tre Wilmot

Previously Listed Name:  Tre-wilmot 

OS 1:50,000 map:  114

Summit Height:  76.6m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 22772 81657 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  c 38m (interpolation)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 21685 81120 (interpolation) 

Drop:  c 39m (LIDAR summit and interpolated bwlch)

Dominance:  50.41% (LIDAR summit and interpolated bwlch)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2021)

 

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Cadair Pedwar Gwynt (SH 263 753) - 86th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Cadair Pedwar Gwynt (SH 263 753)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned on Ynys Gybi (Holyhead Island) to the west of Ynys Môn, and has the coast to its immediate south-west and minor roads to its north-east and the B4545 road farther to its north, and has the village of Trearddur towards the north north-west. 

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed name of Hirfron, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the East.

Hirfron

63m

SH263753

114

262

Trig pillar. Name from buildings to the East

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near building and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

This was one of a number of hills visited during the day and before starting the short walk to its summit I made local enquiries concerning its name, starting at the White Eagle pub.  I was directed by four people who were finishing their lunch to Haulfryn, where Susan Roberts lived.  Susan is a school teacher and was sitting on a reclining chair with a duvet over her having not gone to work due to illness.  She invited me in and we chatted for about 30 minutes and she told me the high point of the hill is known as Cadair Pedwar Gwynt after the seat constructed on its summit, explaining that it is also known as Lady Verney’s Seat. 

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Cadair Pedwar Gwynt, and this was derived from local enquiry. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Ynys Môn 

Name:  Cadair Pedwar Gwynt

Previously Listed Name:  Hirfron 

OS 1:50,000 map:  114

Summit Height:  63.7m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 26346 75302 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  4.45m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 25393 79147 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  59.3m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  93.02% (LIDAR)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2021)

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Llanlleiana Park (SH 383 949) - 85th significant name change

Survey post for Llanlleiana Park

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from a Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Llanlleiana Park (SH 383 949)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned with the coast immediately to its north and a minor road to its south with the A5025 road farther to its south, and has the village of Cemaes towards the south-west. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the invented and transposed name of Moel Llanlleiana, with an accompanying note staying; Name from buildings to the South-East.

Moel Llanlleiana

65c

SH383950

114

262

Name from buildings to the South-East

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 248 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Llanlleiana Park in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Amlwch and in the county named as Anglesey. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Llanlleiana Park, and this name was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Ynys Môn 

Name:  Llanlleiana Park

Previously Listed Name:  Moel Llanlleiana 

OS 1:50,000 map:  114

Summit Height:  68.2m (converted to OSGM15) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 38337 94993 

Bwlch Height:  34.2m (converted to OSGM15) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 38745 94536 

Drop:  34.0m 

Dominance:  49.85%

 

Myrddyn Phillips (March 2021)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Glan y Morfa (SH 438 679) - 84th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Glan y Morfa

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Glan y Morfa (SH 438 679)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are: 

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned with a minor road to its north and the A4421 to its south-east, and has the village of Llangaffo towards the north-east. 

When the original 30-99m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was not included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category. 

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed with twin tops both with a 59m summit spot height (59m at SH 43811 67899 on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and 59m at SH 45087 68972 on the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local that was hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map).  LIDAR has now confirmed which top is higher and this was listed under the point (Pt. 59m) notation. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 8 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Glan y Morfa in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llangeinwen and in the county named as Anglesey. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Glan y Morfa, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Ynys Môn 

Name:  Glan y Morfa

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 59m 

OS 1:50,000 map:  114, 115

Summit Height:  59.2m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 43819 67923 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  27.9m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 45679 69377 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  31.3m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  52.85% (LIDAR)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (March 2021)

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Yr Arwydd (SH 472 854) - 83rd significant name change

Survey post for Yr Arwydd

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height and its location, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by a Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Yr Arwydd (SH 472 854)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it has the A5025 road to its north-east and a minor road to its immediate south-east, and has the village of Llannerch-y-medd towards its west south-west and the village of Moelfre towards its east north-east. 

The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Mynydd Bodafon, with an accompanying note stating; aka Yr Arwydd.

Mynydd Bodafon

178m

SH472854

114

263

aka Yr Arwydd. Marilyn. Clem/Yeaman. Trig pillar.

 

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate. 

The two names of Yr Arwydd and Mynydd Bodafon are shown on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, with the former positioned adjacent to the summit of this hill.  The latter name is associated with the farms of Bodafon-y-glyn and Bodafon Wyn which are positioned westward from the summit of this hill.  The Tithe map indicates that Mynydd Bodafon is the mountain land associated with Bodafon farm that also takes in the other two adjacent P30s of Pen y Castell (SH 468 853) and Barclodiau (SH 466 848) and therefore this is a cynefin name, with the Six-Inch and 1:25,000 maps indicating that the name Yr Arwydd is associated with just that of this hill.  Therefore, as a hill name takes precedence over a cynefin name it is Yr Arwydd that is now being used for listing purposes for this hill. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Yr Arwydd, and this was derived from the contemporary 1:25,000 Explorer map, with the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps and the Tithe map also consulted. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Ynys Môn 

Name:  Yr Arwydd

Previously Listed Name:  Mynydd Bodafon 

OS 1:50,000 map:  114

Summit Height:  177.5m (converted to OSGM15)

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 47242 85417

Bwlch Height:  not applicable

Bwlch Grid Reference:  not applicable 

Drop:  177.5m

Dominance:  100.00%

 

Myrddyn Phillips (March 2021)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

The Larches (ST 433 899) - 82nd significant name change

Significant Height Revisions post for The Larches

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of The Larches (ST 433 899)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

The 30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Gwent Is Coed group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with minor roads to its north, west, south and east and further afield has the A48 road to its north and the M4 motorway to its south, and has the city of Casnewydd (Newport) towards the west.

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Coed y Mynydd, which is a prominent name that appears on Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps close to the summit of this hill. 

Coed y Mynydd

85c

ST433899

171/172

154

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore, I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map and the mapping on the Magic Maps website, and it is the latter map and the series of Six-Inch maps that name the area taking in the summit of this hill as The Larches.

Extract from the Magic Maps website

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is The Larches, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, the mapping on the Magic Maps website and the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps. 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Gwent Is Coed

Name:  The Larches

Previously Listed Name:  Coed y Mynydd

OS 1:50,000 map:  171, 172

Summit Height:  91.1m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 43303 89957 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  22.3m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 42928 90248 (LIDAR)

 

Drop:  68.8m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  75.54% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (September 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

High Grove Wood (ST 423 898) - 81st significant name changes

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of High Grove Wood (ST 423 898)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

The 30-99m Twmpau - The 30m - 99m Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Gwent Is Coed group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the A48 road to its north and the M4 motorway to south, and has the city of Casnewydd (Newport) towards the west.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of High Grove, which is a name that appears close to this hill’s summit on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps.

High Grove

92m

ST424897

171/172

154

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 181 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as High Grove Wood in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Saint Brides Netherwent and in the county named as Monmouth.

Extract from the apportionments

Although the name High Grove is probably a shortened version of the name that appears on the Tithe, it is the full Tithe name that is now prioritised.  Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is High Grove Wood, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Gwent Is Coed

Name:  High Grove Wood

Previously Listed Name:  High Grove

OS 1:50,000 map:  171, 172

Summit Height:  91.1m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 42386 89851 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  59.1m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 42368 90194 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  32.0m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  35.08% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (September 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Lady Hill (ST 344 883) - 80th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Lady Hill (ST 344 883)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Gwent Is Coed group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the B4237 road and the M4 motorway to its north-west, and the A48 road to its south and east, and is situated in the eastern outskirts of the city of Casnewydd (Newport).

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Alway, which is a prominent name that appears on Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps close to the summit of this hill, and which online sources indicate is more applicable to an electoral ward and community rather than the hill itself.

Alway

60c

ST344883

171

152

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map and the mapping on the Magic Maps website, and it is the latter map and the series of Six-Inch maps that name the area taking in the summit of this hill as Lady Hill.

Extract from the Magic Maps website

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Lady Hill, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey mapping on the Magic Maps website and the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps. 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Gwent Is Coed

Name:  Lady Hill

Previously Listed Name:  Alway

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  64.4m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 34405 88307 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  30.1m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 34264 88442 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  34.3m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  53.20% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Ringland Top (ST 353 885) - 79th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Ringland Top (ST 353 885)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Gwent Is Coed group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the B4237 road and the M4 motorway to its north-west, and the A48 road to its south and east, and is positioned in the eastern outskirts of the city of Casnewydd (Newport).

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of The Circles, which online sources indicate is more applicable to a housing estate rather than the hill. 

The Circles

66m

ST353885

171

152

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which is entitled the Interactive Coverage Map and the mapping on the Magic Maps website, and it is the latter map and the series of Six-Inch maps that name the area taking in the summit of this hill as Ringland Top.

Extract from the Magic Maps website

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Ringland Top, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey mapping on the Magic Maps website and the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps. 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Gwent Is Coed

Name:  Ringland Top

Previously Listed Name:  The Circles

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  67.3m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 35318 88536 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  25.6m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 35529 88767 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  41.7m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  61.95% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Coed Rhedyn (ST 363 893) - 78th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Coed Rhedyn (ST 363 893)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Gwent Is Coed group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the A48 road to its west and the M4 motorway to its north, and has the city of Casnewydd (Newport) towards the west south-west.

The hill appeared in the original 30-99m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under a partly transposed and invented name of Pen Coed Rhedyn, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the West. 

Pen Coed Rhedyn

81m

ST364893

171

152

Name from wood to the West

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a wood and add the word Pen to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit position indicated by LIDAR is to woodland that comprises a part of Coed Rhedyn and as this is the main named feature of this hill, this name is appropriate to use for the hill and therefore adding an invented name to it is unnecessary.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Coed Rhedyn, and this was derived from the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Gwent Is Coed

Name:  Coed Rhedyn

Previously Listed Name:  Pen Coed Rhedyn

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  81.3m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 36387 89346 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  38.3m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 36089 89668 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  43.0m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  52.87% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (July 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Cae Rosser (SO 388 005) - 77th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Cae Rosser

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Cae Rosser (SO 388 005)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Gwent Is Coed group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the A472 road to its north and the A449 road to its east and the Afon Wysg (River Usk) to the west, and has the town of Brynbuga (Usk) towards the north north-west.

The hill originally appeared in the 30-99m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed name of Red Hill, which is a name adjoined to a minor road on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and not necessarily to the hill itself.

Red Hill

70c

SO388005

171

152

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As this hill comprises bounded land the Tithe map was consulted.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 317 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Rosser in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llangeview [sic] and in the county named as Monmouth.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Cae Rosser, and this was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Gwent Is Coed

Name:  Cae Rosser

Previously Listed Name:  Red Hill

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  72.7m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 38857 00521 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  32.2m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 39355 00008 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  40.5m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  55.68% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (July 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Long Park (SS 072 984) - 76th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Long Park

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Long Park (SS 072 984)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Brandy Hill group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B4), and is positioned with the coast to its south, the A4139 road to its north and the B4585 road to its west and south, and has the village of Maenorbŷr (Manorbier) towards the south-west.

The hill originally appeared in the Welsh 30-99m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed name of Middle Hill, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South.

Middle Hill

80c

SS072984

158

36

Name from buildings to the South

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 633 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Long Park in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Manorbeer [sic] and in the county named as Pembrokeshire.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Long Park, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Brandy Hill

Name:  Long Park

Previously Listed Name:  Middle Hill

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  158

Summit Height:  79.2m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SS 07255 98449 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  48.0m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SS 06985 99391 (LIDAR)

Drop:  31.1m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  39.34% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Mynydd Llwyd (ST 433 935) - 75th significant name change

Significant Height Revisions post for Mynydd Llwyd

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height, their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary and historic Ordnance Survey maps.

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Gwent Is Coed group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the A449 road to its west, the A48 road to its south and the B4235 road to its north-east, and has the city of Casnewydd (Newport) towards the west south-west.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The hill appeared in the original 200m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Gray Hill, which is a name that appeared near the summit of this hill on Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps of the day.

Gray Hill

273m

ST434935

171/172

14

275m on 1986 1:50000 map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local that used to be hosted on the Geograph website and which is named the Interactive Coverage Map.  Two of the historic maps now available are the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map which formed the basis for the first publicly available Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map, and it is these maps that form the basis for the change in this hill’s listed name.

The Draft Surveyors maps consist of the preliminary drawings made by the Ordnance Surveyor’s surveyors between the 1780s and 1840 and formed the basis for the first publicly available One-Inch map.  They were drawn at scales of six inches to the mile for areas considered of particular military significance and down to two inches to the mile for other areas.  Fair copies were then produced from these preliminary drawings to one inch to the mile and then copper plates were prepared for printing.  The Draft Surveyors maps for the whole of Wales are now available online and they form an important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names as they bridge the time frame between the late 18^th century and the mid-19^th century when the Ordnance Survey produced their first One-Inch maps, and importantly for this hill and its listed name, this map gives the Welsh version, along with its English counterpart.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map

The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map was the first map that Ordnance Survey produced, and their publication culminated from the whole of Britain being surveyed between 1791 and 1874 and the detail gathered therein produced at a scale of one inch to the mile and published in sheet format between 1805 and 1874.  The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ maps for the whole of Wales are now available online; they are also available in map format as enlarged and re-projected versions to match the scale and dimensions of the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger series and are published by Cassini.  This series of maps form another important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names and bridge the timeframe leading up to the production of the Ordnance Survey base map of the Six-Inch series, and again, this map gives the Welsh version of this name; Mynydd Llwyd, along with its English counterpart.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch 'Old Series' map

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name, and ideally for this to be substantiated by either historic documentation and / or contemporary usage.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.  It is also standard practice to use a Welsh name for a hill if another name exists that has originated in a different language.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Mynydd Llwyd, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map and the One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map, with the Welsh name for this hill prioritised over its English counterpart, which for listing purposes is standard practice.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Gwent Is Coed

Name:  Mynydd Llwyd

Previously Listed Name:  Gray Hill

OS 1:50,000 map:  171, 172

Summit Height:  275m (spot height)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 43399 93559 (hand-held GPS via DoBIH)

Bwlch Height:  c 183m (interpolation)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 42894 93984 (interpolation)

Drop:  c 92m (spot height summit and interpolated bwlch)

Dominance:  33.45% (spot height summit and interpolated bwlch)

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Coed Gwent (ST 411 943) - 74th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height, their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR summit image of Coed Gwent (ST 411 943)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales.  Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the Sub-Trichant with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the Introduction to the list and the renaming of it appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 13th May 2017.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Gwent Is Coed group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the A449 road to its west, the A48 road to its south and the B4235 road to its north-east, and has the city of Casnewydd (Newport) towards the south-west.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The hill appeared in the original 300m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Wentwood, which is a name that appeared near the summit of this hill on Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps of the day.

Wentwood

309m

ST411943

171/172

14/152

Marilyn. Clem/Yeaman. Trig pillar.

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name, and ideally for this to be substantiated by either historic documentation and / or contemporary usage.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.  It is also standard practice to use a Welsh name for a hill if another name exists that has originated in a different language.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Coed Gwent, as the Welsh name for this hill is prioritised over its English counterpart, which for listing purposes is standard practice.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Gwent Is Coed

Name:  Coed Gwent

Previously Listed Name:  Wentwood

OS 1:50,000 map:  171, 172

Summit Height:  309.1m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 41125 94309 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  64.3m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 44099 08545 (LIDAR)

Drop:  244.8m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  79.21% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Cymin (SO 527 125) - 73rd significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Cymin

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height, their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Cymin (SO 527 125)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Fforest y Ddena group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the A4136 road to its north and the A466 road to its south-west, and has the town of Trefynwy (Monmouth) towards the west.

The hill appeared in the original 200m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Kymin Tower, which is a name that appeared near the summit of this hill on Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Outdoor Leisure maps of the day.

Kymin Tower

250c

SO528124

162

14

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.  The name of Kymin Tower refers to an 18^th century round house and naval temple that are positioned on the summit area of this hill, as these are inanimate objects a name that refers directly to the hill is more appropriate.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Contemporary Ordnance Survey maps use the name Kymin which is positioned near the summit of this hill.  This form of this name also appears in a number of online sources.  The word Kymin is anglicised from the Welsh word Cymin, meaning common or unenclosed land, with the definite article ‘Y’ lost as evidenced in the anglicised form (Place-names of Gwent, Richard Morgan, Gwasg Carreg Gwalch 2005).

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language and where this is substantiated by either historic documentation and / or contemporary usage should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.  It is also standard practice to use a Welsh name for a hill if another name exists that has originated in a different language.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Cymin, and this was derived from the anglicised form that appears on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps. 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Fforest y Ddena

Name:  Cymin

Previously Listed Name:  Kymin Tower

OS 1:50,000 map:  162

Summit Height:  256.4m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 52771 12511 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  170.6m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 53644 12441 (LIDAR)

Drop:  85.8m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  33.47% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Ton (SO 499 117) - 72nd significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Ton (SO 499 117)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Mynyddoedd Duon group of hills which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it has the B4233 road to its north and the A40 road to its south, and has the town of Trefynwy (Monmouth) towards the north-east.

The hill originally appeared in the Welsh 30-99m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the partly invented and transposed name of St Dial’s Hill, with an accompanying note stating; Name from farm to the South.

St Dial's Hill

83m

SO500117

162

14

Name from farm to the South

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm and add the word Hill to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 666 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Ton in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Monmouth and in the county named as Monmouth.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Ton, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynyddoedd Duon

Name:  Ton

Previously Listed Name:  St Dial’s Hill

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  162

Summit Height:  83.2m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 49966 11745 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  35.6m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 49172 11501 (LIDAR)

Drop:  47.6m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  57.18% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales

Rough (SO 486 146) - 71st significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Rough (SO 486 146)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Mynyddoedd Duon group of hills which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it has the Afon Mynwy (River Monnow) to its north and east, the B4233 road to its south and the B4347 road to its west north-west, and has the town of Trefynwy (Monmouth) towards the south-east.

The hill originally appeared in the Welsh 30-99m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the partly invented and transposed name of Black Wood Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the North-West.

Black Wood Top

70c

SO487146

161

14

Name from wood to the North-West

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a wood and add the word Top to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 351 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Rough in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Monmouth and in the county named as Monmouth.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Rough, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynyddoedd Duon

Name:  Rough

Previously Listed Name:  Black Wood Top

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  161

Summit Height:  73.5m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 48651 14629 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  39.7m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 48474 14485 (LIDAR)

Drop:  33.9m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  46.05%

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2020)