Guest Contributor – Ronnie Bowron

 

Introduction 

If readers would like to contribute an article for the Guest Contributor page heading please contact me, my email address appears on the About Me page heading. The 0nly two things I ask is that the article should be hill related and importantly I should not end up in court through its publication! Otherwise the choice of subject matter is down to the Guest Contributor. 

 

 

About the Author; Ronnie Bowron

 

Ronnie Bowron developed a passion for the mountains through Scouting where as a Cub Scout over the Easter weekend in 1976 he visited the Lake District for the first time.  Since then he has walked extensively around the UK, with various trips to the Alps and Himalaya.

Ten years ago he decided to have greater objectives to walking the fells and subsequently completed the Wainwrights and then the Outlying Fells, Birketts, Nuttalls and Simms.  Having completed a round of English and Welsh mountains he then refocused on the Lake District completing the Synges. 

His current projects revolve around documenting all recognised hills/mountains from any bagging list in each of the UK’s 15 National Parks.  He calls these “The Definitive Lists©” of the National Parks of the United Kingdom.  This has now followed on with selective Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) such as the North Pennines and the Forest of Bowland. 

In the last few years he has completed rounds of all 1,040 summits in the Lake District National Park and all 195 summits within the Yorkshire Dales National Park.  His attention then turned to documenting and climbing all English/Welsh Mountains over 2,000 feet/600 metres on the same basis as his Definitive Lists, with a completion of the 920^th summit on Tryfan North Top in May 2019 thus becoming the first known person to complete all the recognised lists for the LDWA Hillwalkers Register 1 since Frank Yates in 1993.

Current objectives resolve around completing the English and Welsh Deweys, the 216 summits within the North Penines AONB and closer to home all 511 summits within the historic county boundary of Yorkshire. 

The Wainwright Summits

Introduction

The challenge of completing all 214 Wainwright summits as detailed in Alfred Wainwright’s set of Pictorial Guides is one of the most popular, if not the most popular hill bagging challenges in the UK.

The Pictorial Guides were not devised as a hill bagging list per se, moreover Wainwright’s ethos was more about exploring each individual fell, and Wainwright did devote a section of each chapter to the summit area.  As such it’s entirely appropriate that lovers of the Lake District want to visit each and every summit.

In the last decade technology has come to dominate our day to day lives and this is no different to exploring the great outdoors.  GPS has taken over our navigation whether it’s via aeroplanes, boats, motor vehicles and now shank’s pony.  Walking GPS’s whether via dedicated units or apps on mobile phones greatly improve the accuracy of navigation in the mountains and as a result improves safety for all.

The explosion of GPS units and apps means there is a need for even greater data accuracy with GPS units requiring 10 figure GR10s which create a position of one metre square.

How do I find or create an accurate list of 10 figure grid references for each summit?  What appears to be a simple question has finished up with hundreds of hours of research over the last couple of years to arrive at a consolidated list.

The Issue

Within the UK the Database of British and Irish Hills (DoBIH) is regarded by most other hill bagging websites and hill list apps as the ‘golden source’ of their data feeds.

This leads to a fundamental issue as to the identification of the summit location between DoBIH and many (older) lists such as Wainwright: -

·      The DoBIH define the Summit of a hill as a single point that is the highest natural ground above sea level (Ordnance Datum Newlyn in mainland Britain or Malin Head for all Ireland) on that hill.

·       However as noted by DoBIH Wainwright's preference was for a recognisable feature such as a cairn, shelter of trig point.  Wainwright did not use grid references to identify summit locations instead relying upon a combination of summit sketch, map identifying the summit location and Wainwright’s description of the summit area.

The importance of this distinction was not material when people used paper maps and six figure GR10s, as the rounding in the latter largely addressed the differences.  However, with GPS units requiring much more accurate ten figure GR10s the issue becomes more acute.

The DoBIH have sought to address these differences by adding a Note Field where differences between the true summit and the Wainwright summit are noted.  This is fine if one is planning routes from the Hillbagging (and some other) websites but most apps and other hill listings only take the data feed of the ten figure GR10 in DoBIH.

To illustrate the point let’s use an example of Gray Crag.

DoBIH/ Hill Bagging notes the true summit to be at NY 42756 11709 with a note “this is Nuttall summit S of wall; Wainwright summit is N of wall at NY 42672 11869”.

The excellent IOS App Hill Lists by Graham Haley lists Gray Crag summit location as NY 42756 11709.

Highlighting this issue is not to disparage DoBIH or any of the websites/ apps that take data feeds, but to highlight the different methodology; DoBIH taking the highest natural ground and Wainwright taking a summit cairn, wind shelter or trig pillar as the summit position ahead of any natural feature.  Wainwright would often refer to “there is no summit cairn” in his summit description if the summit was absent a man-made feature.  

In this case, people often climb it as an out and back from Thornthwaite Crag, therefore may miss out on the Wainwright summit by not walking the extra 150 metres or so to the Wainwright summit position.

The object of this research was therefore to identify and highlight all those Wainwright summits where the GR10 cell in the DoBIH differs from the actual Wainwright summit position.

Identifying the Wainwright summit positions

How did Wainwright choose his 214 fells and summit positions?  This is a question that has always intrigued me and many others for that matter.

I have always related this question to Mark Jackson's list of Relative Wainwrights (P30+) of the Lake District over 1000ft as described in the Long Distance Walkers Association (LDWA) Hillwalkers' Register Annual Report of 2011.  In using the UIAA definition of separate summits of P30+ Jackson’s excellent research removed 56 Wainwrights and added in 59 new Relative Wainwrights to arrive at his total of 217 Relative Wainwrights.

In percentage terms this is 26% of the 214 listing of which only five [Gray Stones, High Style, Seathewaite Fell, Whiteside and Whinlatter Top] can be explained away by there being a separately recognised higher top close by.

Even these additions/ deletions numbers are understated.  The original list missed Gowbarrow Fell P100 and Rough Crags (Riggindale) P33.  Later surveys after Jackson’s work was published would now add Silver How P31 upgraded May 2018, Striding Edge (High Spying How) P31.2 upgraded September 2018 and Wansfell Pike P30.8 upgraded June 2018.  There would be others within Wainwright’s geographic definition of Lakeland from Book 1 which could also be considered.

Why is there such disparity between the two Wainwright lists?  Why did Wainwright choose less significant fells over many more prominent summits?

The answer to these questions I believe largely rests in understanding the OS maps he had available to him when he was developing the idea of the Pictorial Guides.  This will also explain many of the summit positions.

 

	1947	1948	1949	1950	1951	1952	1953	1954	1955	1956
Wainwright Books		Developed Idea							Book 1
OS 6Th Series  One Inch	82,83 88,89
OS 7Th Series  One Inch								82	83,88 89

 

	1957	1958	1959	1960	1961	1962	1963	1964	1965	1966
Wainwright Books	Book 2	Book 3		Book 4		Book 5		Book 6		Book 7
OS 6Th Series One Inch
OS 7Th Series  One Inch

 

The above table shows the inter relationship timeline between researching the Pictorial Guides and the year of publication of each of the seven books.  In the 1940s – 1960s the mapping of Lakeland was covered by four maps:

Sheet 82 – Keswick

Sheet 83 – Penrith

Sheet 88 – Barrow in Furness

Sheet 89 – Lancaster and Kendal

During these decades there were two series of One-Inch maps published by the Ordnance Survey: -

·         The 6^th Series also known as the New Popular Edition

·         The 7^th Series

Whilst the 7th Series was available by the time Book 1 was published in 1955, the vast majority of the research period for the Pictorial Guides would have been covered by the New Popular Edition.  That is not to discount that Wainwright did not use the 7^th Series particularly in latter books; there are examples in Wainwright’s commentary that could only have come from 7^th Series mapping.

Also there are references in the Pictorial Guides to 2½ inch mapping for example in the chapters for Sheffield Pike, Southern Fell and Stybarrow Dodd which are available on the National Library of Scotland website as 1:25,000 1937-61.

There is a vitally important difference between the 6^th and 7^th Series in relation to what we now regard as the trig symbol:

The 6^th Series mapping used the trig symbol to identify the old trig station positions that was a carry forward from the Six-Inch mapping of the late 1800’s.

However in the 7^th Series the trig symbol was changed to represent the trig pillars we know on current OS mapping.  The first trig pillar in the UK was built in 1936.

To understand Wainwright’s choice of fells and many of the summit positions one needs to understand the work of the OS surveyors of the late 1880’s.  These surveyors used trig stations to map the UK to what is still regarded as an incredible degree of accuracy.  As per trig pillars, a trig station needed to be in line of sight of at least another two trig stations.  Therefore, more often than not these trig stations were not on the true summit of a fell but on ridge ends for better sight lines.

To allow the OS surveyors to return to the same spot to continue their survey work these trig stations were very often marked by a cairn.

We know from his work that Wainwright was a highly visual person and secondly he liked to a ‘The View’ 360 degrees spiral in many chapters.  Therefore both the OS surveyors and Wainwright wanted the same locations; positions with excellent surrounding views.

Let me show three examples to demonstrate this thesis:

Rosthwaite Fell – Bessyboot.  The New Popular Edition mapping shows the trig station 1,807ft at Bessyboot, although Wainwright could have chosen the higher 2,000ft contour circle on Rosthwaite Fell.

 

Seathwaite Fell.  Again Wainwright used the trig station 1,970ft position rather than the 2,050ft contour circle of the true summit.

 

High Pike (Scandale).  This is only a P6 and an example of a ridge end trig station.

 

On the 6^th Series mapping there are 182 trig stations related to Wainwright fells plus seven benchmarks lead by Scoat Fell at the famous cairn in the wall.  But a word of caution, Wainwright was not consistent in using trig station positions over true summit positions where sometimes he went for the latter: 

Mungrisdale Common.  The trig station 2,038 is well off the summit plateau.

 

Rossett Pike.  The trig station is at Mickleden Cairn (a far better view) but Wainwright used the cairn at the benchmark (a boundary corner) with a height of 2,134.2 ft.

Data Accuracy

How accurate should the GR10 be?

A 10-figure GR10 is suitable for input to most hand-held GPS instruments.

Three independent studies have shown that the error in on the ground measurements has been determined as ±8.5m (three standard deviations), with the majority accurate to within ±5m of the summit feature.  Any measurements with survey grade GPS receivers (indicated in the Survey field) will be accurate to 1m.

Different brands of GPS units may result in slightly different readings depending on their software and atmospheric conditions may mean data accuracy of 3 to 5 metres.

I am 99% confident that the GR10s are accurate to within 5 metres given the vagaries of a) GPS unit error b) the minor difference between OSGB36/ WGS84 datum and the fact many cairns are more than one metre wide.  The GR10’s are based on WGS84 as the dominant mapping datum globally both in mobile phones/ Satnav systems and mapping websites.

Group A

Where the Wainwright summit is a different recognised summit from the summit recorded on DoBIH.  There are five summits in this group.

Glaramara		GR: NY 24719 10563
Hill Name	Glaramara North Top	DoBIH Name	Glaramara
Hill ID	500023	DoBIH Number	2389
Height	781m / 2562ft	Height	783m / 2569ft
Summit Feature	Rocky platform bearing two Cairns	Summit Feature	pointed rock 10m south of Cairn
GR10	NY 24719 10563	GR10	NY 24600 10456

 

Note DoBIH Observation:  “Nuttall summit; Wainwright summit (Cairn) 160m NE at NY 24722 10561 and Cairn 55m W are lower”.

Pointers to the Wainwright summit position from the Pictorial Guide:

The sketch map shows the summit position as the southern of two Cairns on the North East Top.  This ties in with latest OS mapping.

 

Wainwright states “Twin summits of rock….but indisputably the finer is that to the north east…bearing two Cairns”.

 

Sixth Series New Popular Edition shows a 2,550ft contour in the north-east of the 2,500ft contour.  The separate 780m contour south-west should have had a second 2,550ft contour.

The Seventh Series has a similar ‘error’ but now dropping the trig station to a spot height on the North Top.

 

Old imperial mapping did not recognise the current true summit of Glaramara with a contour circle and as such various hill bagging lists identified Glaramara North Top as the summit of Glaramara:  Corbett25, Docharty, Falkingham, Moss2000 and Simpson.

 

 

Haystacks (Buttermere)		GR: NY 19333 13204
Hill Name	Haystacks North Top	DoBIH Name	Haystacks (Buttermere)
Hill ID	501446	DoBIH Number	2457
Height	595m / 1952ft	Height	597m / 1958ft
Summit Feature	Cairn	Summit Feature	Cairn
GR10	NY 19333 13204	GR10	NY 19335 13151

 

Note DoBIH Observation: “Wainwright/Birkett is Cairn 50m north at NY 19336 13204”.

Pointers to the Wainwright summit position from the Pictorial Guide:

The Wainwright sketch map shows the summit position as the northern of two Cairns.

Spot Height of “1,900 feet approx.”. – no OS spot height but instead twin 1,900 feet contour circles.

Wainwright states “The highest part of the fell is a small rocky ridge [running north-south], fifty yards in length, with a Cairn at each end, and a tarn alongside to the west.  The two Cairns are at approximately the same elevation, but the north one, lying on the line of the path across the top of the fell, is usually reckoned to be the true summit”.

The summit sketch shows a metal stake extending from the summit cairn.  This is still there.

Modern surveying equipment now show the southern cairn as the true summit but Wainwright sits alongside Birkett and Docharty in declaring the north cairn as the summit.

Interestingly Docharty is the only known hill list author to declare twin summits here recognising the second 1,900 foot contour circle in his research work.

Illgill Head		GR: NY 16541 04800
Hill Name	Illgill Head (Docharty summit)	DoBIH Name	Illgill Head
Hill ID	501445	DoBIH Number	2454
Height	605m / 1985ft	Height	608.8m / 1997ft
Summit Feature	Cairn	Summit Feature	rock
GR10	NY 16541 04800	GR10	NY 16898 04924

 

Note DoBIH Observation: “Wainwright summit is a Cairn at NY165048 which is at least 3m lower than true summit”.

Pointers to the Wainwright summit position from the Pictorial Guide:

The Wainwright sketch map shows the summit position at the western end of the summit contour overlooking the Wasdale Screes. 

The spot height of 1,983 feet ties into the western of the two trig stations.  The old OS maps incorrectly showed the Wainwright summit as the higher of the two spot heights on Illgill Head.

Low Fell		GR: NY 13595 22264
Hill Name	Loweswater Fell (Low Fell)	DoBIH Name	Low Fell
Hill ID	3780	DoBIH Number	2493
Height	412m / 1352ft	Height	423m / 1388ft
Summit Feature	Cairn on rock	Summit Feature	ground by small Cairn
GR10	NY 13595 22264	GR10	NY 13732 22616

 

Note DoBIH Observation: “An alternative location for the Wainwright is the south top at NY136223 (412m)”

Pointers to the Wainwright summit position from the Pictorial Guide:

The Wainwright sketch map shows the summit position at the southern end of the 1,300 feet contour circle and south of the fence line running WNW to ESE.  Low Fell 5 also references “map shows ‘1350’ contours at both places”.

Wainwright states “The most southerly eminence has the main Cairn” and “two Cairns 100 and 120 yards southeast of the main Cairn indicate better viewpoints”.

The Wainwright sketch map indicates the summit is south of the wall and ties into the 1:25k mapping from 1937-61. 

The summit page also has a separate smaller sketch entitled ‘Cairn on the north top’.

Wainwright estimated the summit height as approximately 1360’ which is much closer to the Loweswater Fell current height than Low Fell.

Thunacar Knott		GR: NY 27907 08135
Hill Name	Thunacar Knott North Top	DoBIH Name	Thunacar Knott
Hill ID	500026	DoBIH Number	2413
Height	715m / 2346ft	Height	723m / 2372ft
Summit Feature	Cairn	Summit Feature	rock 3m NNE of Cairn
GR10	NY 27907 08135	GR10	NY 27975 07992

 

Note DoBIH Observation: None relating to Wainwright summit location.

Pointers to the Wainwright summit position from the Pictorial Guide:

The Wainwright sketch map shows the summit position north of a small tarn.

Wainwright states “The recognised summit, surmounted by a well-made Cairn, is a mound north of the tarn; the benchmark height is 2351’”.  This ties in with the mapping of the era with the 2351ft spot height on the northern summit.

Group B

Some 46 Wainwright summits which are greater than 10 metres from the current true summit recorded in the DoBIH.  The average deviation (excluding Mellbreak see note) is 63.6 metres.  With Mellbreak the average deviation is 84.4 metres.

Ahead of detailing the full list four summits deserve special mention as there have been considerable doubts as to the correct Wainwright summit position.

 

Dodd

Of all the Wainwright summits Dodd has changed the most from Wainwright’s era although the historic forestry remains are still there for all to view.  Wainwright’s sketch was of a cairn in a small clearing on tussocky grass surrounded by Pinus mugo, the mountain pine.

 

Wainwright described the cairn as “twenty yards from the fire break” as part of the descent route description.  His attention to detail on the forest trails and fire breaks helps unlock the Wainwright summit position.  Using Google Earth and satellite photos most of the fire break lines drawn by Wainwright can still be seen and can be plotted as follows:

n the strong balance of probabilities, the Dodd (Skiddaw) true summit position is most likely to be the same as the Wainwright summit position.  Interestingly, whilst Wainwright used the trig station height for Dodd’s height in this case he didn’t use it for the summit.  The trig station would have predated the forestry and is again an excellent view point for surveying.

The distinctive summit cairn rocks (long thin slate) as drawn by Wainwright are in the locality but not in the correct position.  At the time of my last visit in 2019 they had regrettably been used by wild campers as part of a fire.

Mellbreak

Mellbreak with its North and South tops both recognised uniquely by Wainwright in his sketch Map on Mellbreak 3 – is this the 215^th Wainwright?

 

On the OS 6^th Series New Popular Edition mapping Wainwright would have noted trig stations on both the north and south tops hence the double summit markers.

 

Additionally, on the north top Wainwright sketched a cairn triangle marker (not coloured in, a magnifying glass is useful here) to the south-west of the trig station.

 

The Wainwright summit sketch is of a cairn with a description “south-east from the north top”, behind the cairn Wainwright sketched and named outlines of various fells including the South Top.  He also commented “The more attractive of the two is the heathery north top” and “An odd thing about both summits is that the cairn on each is not quite on the highest ground”. 

Wainwright’s attention to detail is second to none and within the summit cairn is an unusually shaped rock with horizonal strata which is outlined in red.  I am indebted to Graham Jackson for this Mellbreak North Top summit photo above.  On the left of the cairn is a light-coloured rock of very similar shape and horizonal strata to that detailed in the Wainwright sketch.  

All this evidence points to the Wainwright summit of Mellbreak being a cairn 34 metres north-east of Mellbreak North Top true summit, this is the 1,668ft trig station at NY 14324 19495.

Sale Fell

The doubts over Sale Fell relate to the ‘cairn [as] described by Wainwright and Birkett has been largely destroyed’ particularly as there is little by way of cairn rocks in the immediate area.  As others have pointed out cairns come and go so the true summit may well be the Wainwright summit.

This required a site visit to test my theory.

There are two keys to resolving the doubts:

1.           The 1,170ft trig station position from Six-Inch mapping at NY 19461 29712.

2.      The ascent route from Bassenthwaite Lake Station as described by Wainwright.

Wainwright described within the route that “Upon reaching a broken wall turn right up the fell”.

This follows a natural ridge line up the fell until you arrive at the summit area and directly at the trig station cairn.  The cairn itself is an embedded rock with loose rocks on top.  As with many trig station positions of the late 1800’s it is not at the highest point but instead on a ridge end with excellent views.

Also the cairn is slightly on a down slope so is out of sight from the true summit position.

Once again we are indebted to Wainwright’s attention to detail in his summit drawing.  The two largest rocks, a rectangle shaped rock in the bottom right hand corner and a second rock above and left which appears to be two rocks but instead an indented rock are both still in the depleted summit cairn.

 

The panorama lines up perfectly with Wainwright’s summit drawing of Lothwaite and the Skiddaw range behind.

The Wainwright summit cairn of Sale Fell is at NY 19461 29711.

Sour Howes

Given its triangle shaped flat summit plateau with lots of grass hummocks it’s one of the most difficult to identify the true summit never mind the Wainwright summit.  So much so that on my last visit everyone I observed missed the true summit and went to what appears to be a more obvious summit.

The DoBIH Observation is “Wainwright's summit is probably shaly ridge 60m ESE NY 42832 03198; Wainwright's sketch map may be misleading as it indicates summit is further SW where ground is obviously lower”.

 

My contention is that Wainwright’s map is not misleading in the light of the Six-Inch and particularly the Sixth Series mapping available at the time.

The OS clearly believed that the highest point was in the 1,550ft contour circle in the south-west corner of the summit plateau.

The old trig station is spotted at NY 42660 03156 from Six-Inch mapping.

Following a site visit the trig station position is indeed a grassy hummock and the highest point on the western side of the fell.  The Wainwright summit sketch can be matched up with the foreground, a flat summit and sloping ground on the right side and the background fells as described by Wainwright.

 

The Wainwright summit of Sour Howes is at NY 42660 03156.

Bakestall		GR: NY 26631 30857
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	True Summit Feature	Cairn near fence
Deviation	111m	DoBIH GR10	NY 26642 30747

 

Bannerdale Crags		GR: NY 33609 29076
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock 3m NE of pile of stones
Deviation	94m	DoBIH GR10	NY 33530 29026

 

Birks		GR: NY 38177 14485
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature: grass mound
Deviation	203m	DoBIH GR10	NY 38020 14357

 

Bleaberry Fell		GR: NY 28566 19576
Wainwright Summit Feature	windshelter	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock 10m E of windshelter
Deviation	11m	DoBIH GR10	NY 28577 19577

 

Brandreth		GR: NY 21487 11930
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock
Deviation	36m	DoBIH GR10	NY 21454 11916

 

Broom Fell		GR: NY 19441 27191
Wainwright Summit Feature	tall cairn	True Summit Feature	no feature: heather
Deviation	174m	DoBIH GR10	NY 19544 27051

 

Caw Fell		GR: NY 13192 11003
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock 13m E of Cairn
Deviation	19m	DoBIH GR10	NY 13210 10996

Crag Hill [Eel Crag]		GR: NY 19266 20364
Wainwright Summit Feature	trig point	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature 35m S of trig point
Deviation	32m	DoBIH GR10	NY 19274 20333

 

Dale Head		GR: NY 22304 15326
Wainwright Summit Feature	large Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature 18m W of large Cairn
Deviation	15m	DoBIH GR10	NY 22289 15325

 

Fellbarrow - Mosser Fell		GR: NY 13220 24247
Wainwright Summit Feature	trig point	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature: ground 20m SE of trig point
Deviation	23m	DoBIH GR10	NY 13240 24235

 

Gavel Fell		GR: NY 11695 18382
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	No feature
Deviation	123m	DoBIH GR10	NY 11657 18499

 

Grange Fell [Brund Fell]		GR: NY 26408 16240
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn on rock tower	DoBIH Summit Feature	Cairn on rock tor
Deviation	67m	DoBIH GR10	NY 26468 16276

 

Gray Crag		GR: NY 42669 11870
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock
Deviation	183m	DoBIH GR10	NY 42756 11709

Great Borne		GR: NY 12389 16382
Wainwright Summit Feature	Trig Point	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock
Deviation	24m	DoBIH GR10	NY 12394 16358

 

Great Dodd		GR: NY 34270 20451
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn/ shelter	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature: ground 30m SSE of Cairn
Deviation	102m	DoBIH GR10	NY 34204 20529

 

Great Rigg		GR: NY 35581 10396
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock 15m NE of Cairn
Deviation	16m	DoBIH GR10	NY 35592 10406

 

Grey Crag [Sleddale Fell]		GR: NY 49711 07176
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	rocky outcrop
Deviation	44m	DoBIH GR10	NY 49714 07220

 

Hart Crag		GR: NY 36902 11208
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	outcrop
Deviation	100m	DoBIH GR10	NY 36818 11262

 

Hart Side		GR: NY 35889 19734
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn (western)	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock within 20m of 2 Cairns
Deviation	14m	DoBIH GR10	NY 35902 19729

High Raise [High Raise (High White Stones)]		GR: NY 28076 09528
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn due South of Trig Pillar	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock 15m SSE of trig point
Deviation	14m	DoBIH GR10	NY 28089 09523

 

Holme Fell		GR: NY 31531 00657
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn on large rock outcrop	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock 60m SSW of Cairn
Deviation	57m	DoBIH GR10	NY 31503 00605

Ill Bell		GR: NY 43656 07721
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn (centre of three) at Trig Station	DoBIH Summit Feature	N of two large cairns 30m apart
Deviation	32m	DoBIH GR10	NY 43649 07752

 

Latrigg		GR: NY 27845 24659
Wainwright Summit Feature	Green sward, top of path from south	DoBIH Summit Feature	Ground by path
Deviation	87m	DoBIH GR10	NY 27922 24699

 

Ling Fell		GR: NY 17959 28593
Wainwright Summit Feature	Trig Pillar	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature
Deviation	68m	DoBIH GR10	NY 17994 28535

 

Loadpot Hill		GR: NY 45726 18083
Wainwright Summit Feature	Boundary Stone	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature: ground 80m SW of trig point
Deviation	97m	DoBIH GR10	NY 45636 18046

Lonscale Fell		GR: NY 28537 27173
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn (extension of wall line)	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature: ground 25m S of Cairn
Deviation	30m	DoBIH GR10	NY 28545 27144

 

Maiden Moor		GR: NY 23668 18203
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature
Deviation	18m	DoBIH GR10	NY 23677 18188

Meal Fell		GR: NY 28258 33711
Wainwright Summit Feature	large shelter	DoBIH Summit Feature	small Cairn
Deviation	68m	DoBIH GR10	NY 28301 33763

 

Mellbreak		GR: NY 14324 19495
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn at 1,668ft Trig Station on North Top	DoBIH Summit Feature	flat rock
Deviation	1020m	DoBIH GR10	NY 14843 18613

 

Nethermost Pike		GR: NY 34407 14156
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn 100 yards NE of circular wall	DoBIH Summit Feature	cairn
Deviation	74m	DoBIH GR10	NY 34367 14217

 

Rampsgill Head		GR: NY 44224 12772
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock
Deviation	147m	DoBIH GR10	NY 44333 12871

 

Rest Dodd		GR: NY 43268 13700
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	grass mound
Deviation	55m	DoBIH GR10	NY 43256 13646

 

Robinson		GR: NY 20177 16873
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn (W)	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock
Deviation	16m	DoBIH GR10	NY 20193 16872

Sale Fell		GR: NY 19461 29712
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	embedded rock in grass
Deviation	51m	DoBIH GR10	NY 19445 29664

 

Scar Crags		GR: NY 20749 20600
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	Cairn
Deviation	118m	DoBIH GR10	NY 20849 20662

 

Scoat Fell		GR: NY 15951 11382
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn on wall	DoBIH Summit Feature	Rock N of wall
Deviation	16m	DoBIH GR10	NY 15941 11394

 

Seat Sandal		GR: NY 34387 11518
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock on knoll by ruined wall
Deviation	35m	DoBIH GR10	NY 34420 11530

Seatallan		GR: NY 13942 08407
Wainwright Summit Feature	large Cairn/ tumulus	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature: ground 12m SSW of small Cairn
Deviation	71m	DoBIH GR10	NY 14003 08443

                                                                                   

Selside Pike		GR: NY 49074 11181
Wainwright Summit Feature	Wind shelter	DoBIH Summit Feature	grassy rise with embedded rocks 40m SSW of wind shelter
Deviation	38m	DoBIH GR10	NY 49062 11145

Sour Howes		GR: NY 42660 03156
Wainwright Summit Feature	grassy hummock	DoBIH Summit Feature	grassy hummock
Deviation	121m	DoBIH GR10	NY 42765 03217

 

Stony Cove Pike [Caudale Moor]		GR: NY 41864 09998
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock
Deviation	82m	DoBIH GR10	NY 41782 10006

 

Thornthwaite Crag		GR: NY 43136 10008
Wainwright Summit Feature	Beacon	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock 45m N of beacon
Deviation	44m	DoBIH GR10	NY 43150 10050

 

Troutbeck Tongue		GR: NY 42231 06388
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	grassy knoll
Deviation	40m	DoBIH GR10	NY 42240 06427

Ullock Pike		GR: NY 24425 28799
Wainwright Summit Feature	Heather dome with crags to west	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock
Deviation	44m	DoBIH GR10	NY 24442 28759

 

Walla Crag		GR: NY 27664 21286
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn 60 yards from gate	DoBIH Summit Feature	Rock by cairn
Deviation	20m	DoBIH GR10	NY 27686 21287

Wether Hill		GR: NY 45569 16781
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature: rough grass
Deviation	30m	DoBIH GR10	NY 45597 16767

 

Group C

These Wainwright summits are correct in DoBIH but worth noting as an alternative true summit with the same/ similar name are close by.  Important not to get the summits confused when bagging the Wainwright summit.

 

Armboth Fell
Wainwright		Alternative Summit
Wainwright Name	Armboth Fell	Alternative summit name	Armboth Fell (Birkett)
Wainwright Summit Feature	rocky mound	DoBIH Summit Feature	large smooth outcrop
Wainwright GR	NY 29581 15739	DoBIH GR10	NY 29679 15968
Height	475m / 1558ft	Height	480m / 1575ft

 

Brock Crags
Wainwright		Alternative Summit
Wainwright Name	Brock Crags (Wainwright)	Alternative summit name	Brock Crags
Wainwright Summit Feature	large cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature: large grassy mound
Wainwright GR10	NY 41666 13660		NY 41903 13699
Height	561.2m / 1841ft	Height	564.3m (1851ft)

Gibson Knott
Wainwright		Alternative Summit
Wainwright Name	Gibson Knott	Alternative summit name	Horn Crag
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn on rocky outcrop	DoBIH Summit Feature	Ground by cairn
Wainwright GR10	NY 31689 10036	DoBIH GR10	NY 31855 09924
Height	420.1m / 1,378ft	Height	421.9m / 1,384ft

 

Gowbarrow Fell
Wainwright		Alternative Summit
Wainwright Name	Gowbarrow Fell (Wainwright summit)	Alternative summit name	Gowbarrow Fell
Wainwright Summit Feature	trig point	DoBIH Summit Feature	embedded rock
Wainwright GR10	NY 40761 21821	DoBIH GR10	NY 40731 21722
Height	481.2m / 1579ft	Height	481.2m / 1579ft **

 

** NB: the Wainwright summit hill (rock 3m SE of trig point) is 1cm lower hence no difference in height quoted due to rounding.

Graystones
Wainwright		Alternative Summit
Wainwright Name	Graystones	Alternative summit name	Graystones (Birkett)
Wainwright Summit Feature	small cairn on rocky outcrop	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature
Wainwright GR	NY 17614 26622	DoBIH GR10	NY 17783 26420
Height	450.4m / 1478ft	Height	455.3m / 1494ft

High Stile
Wainwright		Alternative Summit
Wainwright Name	High Stile	Alternative summit name	High Stile (Grey Crag - High Stile)
Wainwright Summit Feature	large cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	small cairn
Wainwright GR	NY 16738 14792	DoBIH GR10	NY 17009 14817
Height	806m / 2644ft	Height	807m / 2648ft

 

Rosthwaite Fell - Bessyboot
Wainwright		Alternative Summit
Wainwright Name	Rosthwaite Fell - Bessyboot	Alternative summit name	Rosthwaite Fell (Rosthwaite Cam)
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	rock tor
Wainwright GR	NY 25829 12480	DoBIH GR10	NY 25586 11828
Height	551m / 1808ft	Height	612m / 2008ft

Seathwaite Fell
Wainwright		Alternative Summit
Wainwright Name	Seathwaite Fell (Wainwright summit)	Alternative summit name	Seathwaite Fell (Great Slack - Seathwaite Fell)
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	Cairn on rock
Wainwright GR	NY 22901 10183	DoBIH GR10	NY 22736 09710
Height	601m / 1972ft	Height	632m / 2073ft

Wansfell
Wainwright		Alternative Summits
Wainwright Name	Baystones [Wansfell]	Alternative summit name 1	Wansfell (Baystones)
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	DoBIH Summit Feature	no feature: mound
Wainwright GR	NY 40316 05143	DoBIH GR10	NY 40356 05275
Height	486.9m / 1597ft	Height	486.1m / 1595ft
		Alternative summit name 2	Wansfell Pike
		DoBIH Summit Feature	outcrop 6m S of fence
		DoBIH GR10	NY 39416 04169
		Height	484.3m / 1589ft

 

In respect of Wansfell, the Wainwright summit is the true summit in this area.  The naming conventions between Wansfell and Baystones make it confusing.  Also, some people confuse Wansfell with Wansfell Pike at the south-western end of the ridge mainly because it’s the visible summit from Ambleside.

Group D

The final grouping to note is where the Wainwright summit is correct but there is a true summit nearby which is not recognised as a summit in the DoBIH.

 

Blea Rigg		GR: NY 30164 07835
Wainwright		True Summit
Wainwright Summit Feature	Cairn	True Summit Feature	rocky knoll
Deviation	90m	GR10	NY 30079 07807
Height	541m / 1775ft	Height	544m / 1785ft

Bonscale Pike		GR: NY 45348 20085
Wainwright		True Summit
Wainwright Summit Feature	small cairn	True Summit Feature	Cairn
Deviation	138m	GR10	NY 45314 19950
Height	524m / 1719ft	Height	529m / 1736ft

 

Tarn Crag (Easedale)		GR: NY 30368 09303
Wainwright		True Summit
Wainwright Summit Feature	cairn on rocky outcrop	True Summit Feature	No feature
Deviation	97m	GR10	NY 30277 09335
Height	549m / 1801ft	Height	552m / 1811ft