Mapping Mountains – Significant Name Changes – 200m Twmpau

Cae Pen Crugiau (SN 412 371) 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Cae Pen Crugiau (SN 412 371)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Pencarreg group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned encircled by minor roads, with the B4336 road farther to its north, the A484 road and the A486 road farther to its west, and the B4459 road farther to its east, and has the town of Llandysul towards the north.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list under the invented and transposed name of Banc y Gwyddil, with an accompanying note stating; Name from stream to the South-East.

Banc y Gwyddil

252m

SN412372

146

185

Trig pillar. Name from stream to the South-East.

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a stream and add the words Banc y to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

   

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

           

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 433 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Pen Crugiau the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llangeler and in the county named as Carmarthenshire. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Pen Crugiau, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Pencarreg

Name:  Cae Pen Crugiau

Previously Listed Name:  Banc y Gwyddil   

OS 1:50,000 map:  146

Summit Height:  252.7m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 41263 37178 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  216.65m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 40852 35976 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  36.1m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2024)