Y Pedwarau – Hill Reclassifications
Y Pedwarau are the Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m
in height that have a minimum drop of 30m.
Accompanying the main P30 list are five sub lists; these are the 500m Sub-Pedwar, 500m Double Sub-Pedwar, 400m Sub-Pedwar, 390m Sub-Pedwar and 390m Double Sub-Pedwar category’s, with
their criteria detailed in the respective Change Registers that have been
created and which are linked in their above titles, with the Introduction to
this list being linked in the above title.
The list is co-authored by Myrddyn
Phillips and Aled Williams and the posts that have appeared on Mapping
Mountains detailing the additions, reclassifications and deletions to the main
P30 list and the sub lists appear below presented chronologically in receding
order.
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Fynach Fawr (SN 726 890) – 400m Sub-Pedwar reinstated to Pedwar (70th reclassification)
Survey post for Fynach Fawr
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 which took place on the 03.06.18, coupled with LIDAR analysis. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being reclassified from a 400m Sub-Pedwar to a Pedwar. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar status is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
The name of the hill is Fynach Fawr and prior to the Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey it was listed with 28.9m of drop, based on LIDAR analysis giving a 461.4m summit and 432.5m bwlch height, resulting in Fynach Fawr being reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar. This hill was then re-analysed via LIDAR by Chris Crocker resulting in a different conclusion, therefore the DSM LIDAR model was re-analysed with the conclusion being that LIDAR could not safely ascertain whether this hill was a Pedwar, and therefore the Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey was conducted in an attempt to confirm the status of this hill, resulting in the classification of this hill reversing to pre LIDAR analysis.
The hill is a part of the Pumlumon range with its Cardinal Hill being Banc Llechwedd Mawr (SN 775 898) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2). The hill is situated with the Nant y Moch Reservoir to its south-east, and has the small community of Tal-y-bont towards the west.
The hill is a part of the Pumlumon range with its Cardinal Hill being Banc Llechwedd Mawr (SN 775 898) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2). The hill is situated with the Nant y Moch Reservoir to its south-east, and has the small community of Tal-y-bont towards the west.
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| Fynach Fawr (SN 726 890) |
Although the hill is a part of designated open access land it is also immersed in conifer plantation. However, the summit of the hill is relatively easy to reach from the convenience of a forest track to its north north-east.
The survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 resulted in a summit height of 462.5m, and with a bwlch height of 432.5m from LIDAR analysis, these values give this hill 30.0m of drop, which is sufficient for its reinstatement to Pedwar status.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Banc Llechwedd Mawr
Name: Fynach Fawr
OS 1:50,000 map: 135
Summit Height: 462.5m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SN 72685 89095
Bwlch Height: 432.5m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 72911 89413 (LIDAR)
Drop: 30.0m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
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| The Trimble GeoXH 6000 set-up position at the summit of Fynach Fawr |
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Our thanks to Chris Crocker for suggesting that the data produced by LIDAR be re-evaluated for this hill, and to Mick Moore for a helpful and detailed synopsis of his route to this hill’s summit
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (September 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Fuches (SN 866 836) – 400m Sub-Pedwar reinstated to Pedwar (69th reclassification)
Survey post for Fuches
Significant Height Revisions post for Fuches
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 which took place on the 03.06.18. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being reclassified from a 400m Sub-Pedwar to a Pedwar. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar status is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
The name of the hill is Fuches and prior to the Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey it was listed with 27.5m of drop, based on LIDAR analysis giving a 446.7m summit and 419.2m bwlch height. This hill’s adjacent peak of Allt y Derw (SN 873 834) was also analysed using LIDAR resulting in a 449.9m summit height. As LIDAR gave Allt y Derw as higher the respective bwlch positions and heights of these two hills were swapped resulting in Fuches being reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar. This hill was then re-analysed via LIDAR by Chris Crocker resulting in a different conclusion, therefore the DSM LIDAR model was re-analysed resulting in the conclusion that Fuches was a marginal Pedwar and the Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey was done to confirm this, resulting in the classification of this hill reversing to pre LIDAR analysis, with the caveat that Allt y Derw is being listed as the higher of the two hills.
The hill is a part of the Pumlumon range with its Cardinal Hill being Pumlumon Fawr (SN 789 869) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2). The hill is situated between the stream valleys of the Afon Hafren (River Severn) to the north-east and the Afon Gwy (River Wye) to the south, and has the small community of Llangurig towards the south-east.
The hill is a part of the Pumlumon range with its Cardinal Hill being Pumlumon Fawr (SN 789 869) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2). The hill is situated between the stream valleys of the Afon Hafren (River Severn) to the north-east and the Afon Gwy (River Wye) to the south, and has the small community of Llangurig towards the south-east.
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| Fuches (SN 866 836) |
Although the hill is a part of designated open access land it is also immersed in conifer plantation. However, the summit of the hill is easily reached via a wide path now used by trail riders that follows the summit ridge in a north-east to south-west direction, and this can be accessed from a forest track to the north-east of the summit.
The survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 resulted in a summit height of 449.3m for Fuches and 450.0m for Allt y Derw, confirming Allt y Derw as higher and therefore the connecting bwlch between each hill is the critical bwlch for the lower hill; Fuches, and this was surveyed as being 419.1m in height, with these values giving Fuches 30.2m of drop, which is sufficient for its reinstatement to Pedwar status.
The full details for the two hills are:
Cardinal Hill: Pumlumon Fawr
Name: Fuches
OS 1:50,000 map: 135, 136
Summit Height: 449.3m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SN 86623 83656
Bwlch Height: 419.1m (converted to OSGM15)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 86997 83837
Drop: 30.2m
Cardinal Hill: Pumlumon Fawr
Name: Allt y Derw
OS 1:50,000 map: 135, 136
Summit Height: 450.0m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SN 87314 83429
Bwlch Height: 375.6m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 86411 83855 (LIDAR)
Drop: 74.4m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
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| The Trimble GeoXH 6000 set-up position at the summit of Fuches |
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Our thanks to Chris Crocker for suggesting that the data produced by LIDAR be re-evaluated for this hill
For details relating to the survey of Fuches
LIDAR and Trimble GeoXH 6000 analysis for Fuches (SN 866 836)
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (September 2018)
LIDAR and Trimble GeoXH 6000 analysis for Fuches (SN 866 836)
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (September 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 486m (SH 774 462) – 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (68th reclassification)
There has been an addition to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of data on the OS Maps website, which is the recent replacement for OS Get-a-map. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is co-authored by Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
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| Llyn Conwy from Pt. 486m (SH 774 462) |
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar status are all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of data on OS Maps this hill was listed with c 19m of drop based on the 486m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated bwlch height of c 467m based on interpolation of bwlch contouring between 460m – 470m.
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| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
The hill is being listed by the point (Pt. 486m) notation until an appropriate name for it can be confirmed, and it is situated in the Arenig range of hills and is placed in the Region of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3). The hill is positioned between the stream valleys of the Afon Machno to the north-west and the Afon Conwy to the south-east, with Llyn Conwy to its immediate east, and has the small community of Penmachno to its north north-east.
As the summit of the hill is a part of designated open access land it can be approached from a number of directions, with the minor road to its west giving the easiest and most convenient starting point.
The addition of Pt. 486m to 400m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of data on the OS Maps website. This mapping gives contour intervals at 5m which has enabled the height of the bwlch to be narrowed down when compared to the 10m contour intervals given on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps. Therefore with a 486m summit spot height on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated bwlch height of c 466m (based on latest mapping), based on bwlch contouring on OS Maps between 465m – 470m, this hill is now listed with c 20m of drop, which is sufficient for it to be classified as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
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| Extract from OS Maps |
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Graig Goch
Name: Pt. 486m
Summit Height: 486m
OS 1:50,000 map: 124
Summit Grid Reference: SH 774 462
Drop: c 20m
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (July 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Mynydd yr Ychen (SN 768 794) – 400m Sub-Pedwar reinstated (67th reclassification)
There has been a hill reinstated to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to 1m DSM LIDAR analysis conducted by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being reinstated to the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar status is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
The hill was listed as a 400m Sub-Pedwar with c 20m of drop based on the 459m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated bwlch height of c 439m based on interpolation of bwlch contouring between 430m – 440m.
The hill was then deleted from the ranks of 400m Sub-Pedwarau based on DTM LIDAR analysis which gave a summit height of 459.84m at SN 76846 79457 and a bwlch height of 439.86m at SN 77051 79549, with these values giving this hill 19.98m of drop.
The hill is situated in the Elenydd range with its Cardinal Hill being Draws Drum (SN 790 811) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and is positioned with the small community of Pontarfynach (Devil’s Bridge) to the south-west and Ponterwyd to the north-west.
The hill is a part of designated open access land and can be approached directly from the A 4120 and B 4343 roads which are to the west of the summit, public footpaths also give access to the open access land and originate towards the north-west and the west respectively, otherwise if wanting to visit the hill a longer route can be devised that takes in a number of adjacent hills.
The name the hill is listed by is Mynydd yr Ychen and its reinstatement as a 400m Sub-Pedwar is due to 1m DSM LIDAR analysis conducted by Aled Willams. The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
The 1m DSM LIDAR analysis gives the hill the following details:
Mynydd yr Ychen
Summit Height: 459.92m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 76846 79456
Bwlch Height: 439.92m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 77052 79547
Drop: 20.00m
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| 1m DSM LIDAR image of Mynydd yr Ychen |
Therefore, the 459.9m 1m DSM LIDAR analysis for the summit position at SN 76846 79456 and the 439.9m 1m DSM LIDAR analysis for the bwlch position at SN 77052 79547 gives this hill 20.0m of drop which is sufficient for it to be reinstated as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Draws Drum
Summit Height: 459.9m (LIDAR)
Name: Mynydd yr Ychen
OS 1:50,000 map: 135, 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 76846 79456
Drop: 20.0m (LIDAR)
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to the Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the 1st edition of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (July 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Mynydd Ty’n y Fach (SH 687 097) – 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (66th reclassification)
Survey post for Mynydd Ty'n y Fach
There has been a deletion to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips and subsequently confirmed via a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being deleted from the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar status is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to LIDAR analysis this hill was listed with c 20m of drop based on the 409m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated bwlch height of c 389m based on interpolation of bwlch contouring between 380m – 390m.
The name of the hill is Mynydd Ty’n y Fach and it is situated in the Cadair Idris range of hills and is placed in the Region of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3). The hill is positioned between the stream valleys of the Afon Cadair to the west and the Afon Dysynni to the south-east, and has the small community of Abergynolwyn to its south south-west.
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| Mynydd Ty'n y Fach (SH 687 097) |
As the summit of the hill is a part of designated open access land permission to visit does not need to be sought, and there are a number of public footpaths accessing the open access land from a variety of directions.
The deletion of Mynydd Ty’n y Fach from 4000m Sub-Pedwar status is due to LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
1m DTM LIDAR analysis gives the hill the following details:
Mynydd Ty’n y Fach
Summit Height: 408.0m (LIDAR)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 68788 09702
Bwlch Height: 389.5m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 69048 09685
Drop: 18.6m
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| LIDAR image of Mynydd Ty'n y Fach |
Therefore, the 408.0m LIDAR analysis produced for the summit position at SH 68788 09702 and the 389.45m LIDAR analysis produced for the bwlch position at SH 69048 09685 gives this hill 18.6m of drop, and as the drop is below 20m it is insufficient for this hill to retain its 400m Sub-Pedwar status, with the details from the Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey being 408.4m (converted to OSGM15) summit at SH 68787 09703 and 389.5m (converted to OSGM15) bwlch at SH 69047 09685, giving this hill 18.9m of drop.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Cadair Idris
Name: Mynydd Ty’n y Fach
Summit Height: 408.4m (converted to OSGM15)
OS 1:50,000 map: 124
Summit Grid Reference: SH 68787 09703
Drop: 18.9m (converted to OSGM15)
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| The Trimble GeoXH 6000 gathering data at the summit of Mynydd Ty'n y Fach |
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Allt y Genlli (SN 985 950) – 390m Sub-Pedwar reinstated to 390m Double Sub-Pedwar (65th reclassification)
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to a survey with a Leica GS15 conducted by John Barnard, Chris Crocker and Graham Jackson. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being reclassified from a 390m Sub-Pedwar to a 390m Double Sub-Pedwar. The criteria for 390m Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 390m and below 400m in height that have 30m minimum drop, whilst the criteria for 390m Double Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 390m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
The name of the hill is Allt y Genlli and prior to the survey with the Leica GS15 the hill was listed with 73.2m of drop, based on a 398.9m summit and 325.7m bwlch, with these values obtained from LIDAR analysis and the resulting Hill Reclassifications post appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 24.05.17. Its adjacent peak of Mynydd Garth Pwt was also analysed using LIDAR resulting in a 30.5m drop, based on a 397.8m summit and 367.3m bwlch. As LIDAR gave Allt y Genlli as higher their respective bwlch positions and heights were swapped resulting in Allt y Genlli being reclassified to a 390m Sub-Pedwar. The survey with the Leica GS15 has now reversed this classification to pre LIDAR analysis.
The hill is a part of the Pumlumon range with its Cardinal Hill being Bryn Amlwg (SN 921 973) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2). The hill is situated to the south of the A 470 and is positioned between the small communities of Carno to its west north-west and Clatter to its east.
Although the upper section of the hill is a part of designated open access land it is also immersed in conifer plantation. The summit of the hill is encircled by a forest track and for those determined souls who wish to visit; an approach from the north using this track may be the best option.
The survey with the Leica GS15 resulted in a summit height of 395.76m and a bwlch height of 367.05m, with these values giving this hill 28.7m of drop, which is insufficient for its retention as a 390m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the two hills are:
Cardinal Hill: Bryn Amlwg
Name: Allt y Genlli
Summit Height: 395.8m
OS 1:50,000 map: 136
Summit Grid Reference: SN 98508 95041
Drop: 28.7m
Cardinal Hill: Bryn Amlwg
Name: Mynydd Garth Pwt
Summit Height: 397.8m
OS 1:50,000 map: 136
Summit Grid Reference: SN 98154 94173
Drop: 72.1m
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Our thanks to John Barnard, Chris Crocker and Graham Jackson for bringing the survey result of this hill to our attention
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (May 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Garth Fawr (SO 082 059) – Pedwar addition (64th reclassification)
Summit Relocations post for Garth Fawr
There has been an addition to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to detail on OS Maps, which is the recent replacement for OS Get-a-map. The Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at and above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
The name of the hill is Garth Fawr and prior to analysis of contours on the OS Maps website this hill was not listed as it is a relatively recent man-made construction and is the result of waste spoil from the Ffos-y-fran opencast mine that is now considered solid and stable, therefore it does not possess any separate ring contours for the area of its summit on either the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger or the 1:25,000 Explorer map.
Garth Fawr is situated in the Y Cymoedd – dwyreiniol range of hills and is placed in the Region of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2). The hill is positioned between the towns of Merthyr Tudful (Merthyr Tydfil) to its north-west and Rhymni (Rhymney) to its north-east and has the A 465 Heads of the Valleys Road to its north and the A 4060 road to its west.
As the summit of this hill is not a part of designated open access land permission to visit should be sought, for those wishing to do so a minor road to the south would give access to the hill.
Garth Fawr had little natural prominence and is a southerly spur of Twyn y Waun, but due to mining activity its height has increased with the 5m contour intervals on OS Maps giving it three separate uppermost 410m ring contours and a bwlch height of c 376m based on contouring between 375m – 380m, whilst LIDAR analysis conducted by Aled Williams gives the summit height as 388.0m at SO 08521 05968 and the height of the bwlch as 374.8m at SO 08618 06004. It is apparent that the mine spoil was deposited after the measurement of LIDAR data was taken. Therefore, as the hill is considered solid and stable these values are sufficient for it to be listed as a Pedwar with c 35m of drop.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Twyn y Waun
Summit Height: 410m
Name: Garth Fawr
OS 1:50,000 map: 160
Summit Grid Reference: SO 082 059
Drop: c 35m
For the additions, deletions and reclassifications to the Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
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| Garth Fawr (SO 082 059) is now classified as a Pedwar. Photo: Rob Woodall |
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (January 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Twyn y Waun (SO 085 065) – Pedwar addition (63rd reclassification)
Survey post for Twyn y Waun
Significant Height Revisions post for Twyn y Waun
There has been an addition to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 that was instigated by an on-site visit by Rob Woodall and an article written by Aled Williams in 2015 entitled ‘Artificial Pedwar Hills.’ The Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at and above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
The name of the hill is Twyn y Waun and prior to the Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey this hill was not listed as it is a relatively recent man-made construction and is the result of waste spoil that is now considered solid and stable from the Ffos-y-fran opencast mine, therefore it does not possess separate ring contours on either the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger or the 1:25,000 Explorer map.
Twyn y Waun is situated in the Y Cymoedd – dwyreiniol range of hills and is placed in the Region of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2). The hill is positioned between the towns of Merthyr Tudful (Merthyr Tydfil) to its west and Rhymni (Rhymney) to its east and has the A 465 Heads of the Valleys Road to its north-west.
As the summit of this hill is not a part of designated open access land permission to visit should be sought, for those wishing to do so a minor road to the north north-east of the hill gives access to a public footpath and a track that heads toward the critical bwlch of this hill.
The survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 resulted in a summit height of 460.5m (converted to OSGM15) and a bwlch height of 419.5m (converted to OSGM15), with these values giving this hill 41.0m of drop, and as this artificial hill is considered to be solid and stable in character these values are sufficient for it to be classified as a Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Twyn y Waun
Summit Height: 460.5m
Name: Twyn y Waun
OS 1:50,000 map: 160
Summit Grid Reference: SO 08549 06591
Drop: 41.0m
For the additions, deletions and reclassifications to the Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
 |
| Twyn y Waun (SO 085 065) is now included as a Pedwar |
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Twyn y Waun (artificial summit at SO 082 070 and natural summit at SO 084 073) – Pedwar reclassified to Dual Summit Pedwar (62nd reclassification)
Survey post for Twyn y Waun
Significant Height Revisions post for Twyn y Waun
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 that was instigated by an on-site visit by Rob Woodall and an article written by Aled Williams in 2015 and entitled ‘Artificial Pedwar Hills.’ The Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at and above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, however this hill has not been reclassified from one of these categories to another, as a new classification of Dual Summit has been created to accommodate the details relating to this hill.
Dual Summit hills:
A hill classified as a Dual Summit is defined as one which has an extant natural summit coupled with that of a higher artificial summit, with the latter that can be described as stable in character. In the main, these recent man-made constructions are the result of quarrying activities producing spoil tips. These recent man-made constructions are treated differently to ancient man-made constructions such as hill forts and tumuli, as if the latter are deemed stable and of an earthen character their age dictates that they can be viewed as being permanent in nature and are now effectively a part of the hill. For those bagging Dual Summit hills, a visit to either the natural high point or the elevated man-made high point is sufficient to claim an ascent of the hill.
The name of the hill is Twyn y Waun and prior to the Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey this hill was listed with an estimated c 451m summit height based on a 450m uppermost contour on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 map and the Interactive Coverage Map hosted on the Geograph website and a drop of c 63m which has now been re-evaluated.
However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed. The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Twyn y Waun is situated in the Y Cymoedd – dwyreiniol range of hills and is listed as a Cardinal Hill, and is placed in the Region of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2). The hill is positioned between the towns of Merthyr Tudful (Merthyr Tydfil) to its west and Rhymni (Rhymney) to its east and has the A 465 Heads of the Valleys Road to its north-west.
Twyn y Waun is now listed as a Dual Summit hill and its natural summit is a part of designated open access land and can be approached from the convenience of a minor road to its east, whilst as its man-made summit is a part of a working mine permission to visit should be sought, however the artificial summit is on the border of designated open access land shown on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, and for those wishing to visit an ascent of this artificial summit from the natural summit is an easy extension of the short walk from the minor road to the east.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Twyn y Waun
Summit Height: 476.0m (artificial Dual Summit) 450.6m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000, natural Dual Summit)
Name: Twyn y Waun
OS 1:50,000 map: 160
Summit Grid Reference: SO 08209 07041 (artificial Dual Summit) SO 08442 07378 (LIDAR, natural Dual Summit)
Drop: 96.0m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch, artificial Dual Summit) 70.7m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch, natural Dual Summit)
For the additions, deletions and reclassifications to the Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
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| The Dual Summit of Twyn y Waun with the pastoral natural summit in the foreground and the man-made summit in the background |
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (January 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Craig y Garreg Lwyd (SH 730 427) – 400m Sub-Pedwar reinstated to Pedwar (61st reclassification)
Survey post for Craig y Garreg Lwyd
Significant Height Revisions post for Craig y Garreg Lwyd
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to a survey with a Leica GS15 conducted by John Barnard and Graham Jackson. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being reclassified from the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have 20m and more and below 30m of drop.
The name of the hill is Craig y Garreg Lwyd and prior to the survey with the Leica GS15 the hill was listed with 29.9m of drop based on a 473.4m (converted to OSGM15) summit and 443.5m (converted to OSGM15) bwlch height ascertained from a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 and which resulted in this hill’s reclassification from a Pedwar to a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
Craig y Garreg Lwyd is situated in the Arenig range of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Graig Goch (SH 751 447) and is placed in the Region of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3). The hill is positioned overlooking the B 4391 which is to its south, with the communities of Llan Ffestiniog to the west south-west and Blaenau Ffestiniog to the north-west of the hill.
The hill is a part of designated open access land and can be accessed either from its south-west, south or south-east where tracks make their way toward the lower part of the hill. However, the hills surrounding Craig y Garreg Lwyd are recommended to visit and so combining it with its near neighbours is worthwhile.
The survey with the Leica GS15 resulted in a summit height of 473.8m and a bwlch height of 443.6m, with these values giving this hill 30.2m of drop, which is sufficient for it to be re-instated as a Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Graig Goch
Summit Height: 473.8m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Craig y Garreg Lwyd
OS 1:50,000 map: 124
Summit Grid Reference: SH 73047 42746
Drop: 30.2m (converted to OSGM15)
The total for Y Pedwarau is now 443 hills with eleven additions, and fifteen reclassifications to either 400m Sub-Pedwar status or 390m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 217 with 27 hills being added and 23 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
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| Craig y Garreg Lwyd (SH 730 427) is now re-instated as a Pedwar |
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (October 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Bwlch y Cefn Bank (SO 123 608) – Pedwar reclassified to 390m Sub-Pedwar (60th reclassification)
Survey post for Bwlch y Cefn Bank
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams and subsequently confirmed via a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being reclassified to the 390m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 390m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 390m and below 400m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data this hill was listed with c 52m of drop based on the 400m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps and an estimated bwlch height of c 348m based on interpolation of bwlch contouring between 340m – 350m.
The name of the hill is Bwlch y Cefn Bank and it is situated in the Elfael range of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Gilwern Hill (SO 098 582) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1). The hill is positioned above the A 44 road which is to its east and to its north, and the Afon Ieithon (River Ithon) which is to its north-west, and with the small community of Llandegley to the north north-east of the hill.
As the summit of the hill is not a part of designated open access land permission to visit should be sought, for those wishing to do so the land to the north-east and the south-west of the hill is a part of designated open access land, and a public footpath crosses between each just to the south-east of this hill’s summit.
The reclassification of Bwlch y Cefn Bank to 390m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Bwlch y Cefn Bank
Summit Height: 399.0m
Summit Grid Reference: SO 12367 60871
Bwlch Height: 347.1m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SO 12752 60893
Drop: 51.9m
Therefore, the 399.0m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SO 12367 60871 and the 347.1m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SO 12752 60893 gives this hill 51.9m of drop, and as the summit height is below 400m it is insufficient for this hill to retain its Pedwar status, with the details from the Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey being 399.9m (converted to OSGM15) summit at SO 12369 60880 and 347.2m (converted to OSGM15) bwlch at SO 12752 60893, giving this hill a summit height below 400m.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Gilwern Hill
Summit Height: 399.9m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Bwlch y Cefn Bank
OS 1:50,000 map: 148
Summit Grid Reference: SO 12369 60880
Drop: 52.7m (converted to OSGM15)
The total for Y Pedwarau is now 442 hills with ten additions, and fifteen reclassifications to either 400m Sub-Pedwar status or 390m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau remains at 218 with 27 hills being added and 22 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013, whilst the 390m Sub-Pedwar total increases by one to 38 hills.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
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| Bwlch y Cefn Bank (SO 123 608) is now included in the 390m Sub-Pedwar listing of hills |
For details on the survey that confirmed this hill's 390m Sub-Pedwar status
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (September 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Waun Sidan (SO 250 726) – 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar (59th reclassification)
Survey post for Waun Sidan
Significant Name Changes post for Waun Sidan
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to LIDAR analysis conducted by Aled Williams and subsequently confirmed via a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being reclassified from the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to LIDAR analysis this hill was listed with 29m of drop based on a basic levelling survey (BLS) conducted by Myrddyn Phillips on the 05.10.03, with the summit height listed as 406m which is taken from the spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, based on the map summit height and the BLS these values place the height of the bwlch at 377m.
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| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
The name of the hill is Waun Sidan and it is situated in the Maelienydd range of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Bwlch Bank (SO 242 720) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1). The hill is positioned above the B 4355 road and the River Teme which are to its north-east, and the A 488 road which is to its south, with the town of Trefyclo (Knighton) towards the east.
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| Waun Sidan (SO 250 726) |
As the summit of the hill is not a part of designated open access land permission to visit should be sought, for those wishing to do so the long distance footpath of Glyndŵr’s Way passes just to the south of the summit.
The reclassification of Waun Sidan to Pedwar status is due to LIDAR analysis conducted by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Waun Sidan
Summit Height: 407.7m
Summit Grid Reference: SO 25021 72649
Bwlch Height: 376.3m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SO 24638 72691
Drop: 31.4m
Therefore, the 407.7m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SO 25021 72649 and the 376.3m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SO 24638 72691 gives this hill 31.4m of drop which is sufficient for it to be classified as a Pedwar, with the details from the Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey being 407.8m (converted to OSGM15) summit height at SO 25022 72649 and 376.3m (converted to OSGM15) bwlch height at SO 24638 72691, giving this hill 31.5m of drop.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Bwlch Bank
Summit Height: 407.8m (converted to OSGM15)
Name: Waun Sidan
OS 1:50,000 map: 137, 148
Summit Grid Reference: SO 25022 72649
Drop: 31.5m (converted to OSGM15)
The total for Y Pedwarau is now 443 hills with ten additions, and fourteen reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 218 with 27 hills being added and 22 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (September 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Yr Allt (SO 074 755) – 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (58th reclassification)
There has been a deletion from the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being deleted from the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data this hill was listed with 25m of drop based on the 436m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and the 411m bwlch spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website.
The name of the hill is Yr Allt and it is situated in the Hirddywel range of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Pt. 508m (SO 041 783) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1). The hill is positioned above the stream valleys of the Crychell Brook to its west and the Afon Ieithon (River Ithon) to its east, with the small community of Llanbadarn Fynydd towards the north-east and Llananno towards the east south-east.
The summit of the hill is a part of designated open access land with the long distance footpath of Glyndŵr’s Way just to the east of the summit. There are public footpaths that lead to the open access land from the north-west and south-east of the hill.
The deletion of Yr Allt from 400m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Yr Allt
Summit Height: 437.6m
Summit Grid Reference: SO 07419 75572
Bwlch Height: 418.5m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SO 07410 75952
Drop: 19.1m
Therefore, the 437.6m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SO 07419 75572 and the 418.5m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SO 07410 75952 gives this hill 19.1m of drop which is insufficient for its retention as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Pt. 508m (SO 041 783)
Summit Height: 437.6m (LIDAR data)
Name: Yr Allt
OS 1:50,000 map: 136, 147
Summit Grid Reference: SO 07419 75572
Drop: 19.1m (LIDAR data)
The total for Y Pedwarau remains at 442 hills with nine additions, and fourteen reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 219 with 27 hills being added and 21 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Cefn Cynllaith (SN 892 515) – 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (57th reclassification)
There has been an addition to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with 16m of drop based on the 404m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and the 388m bwlch spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website.
The name of the hill is Cefn Cynllaith and it is situated in the Elenydd range with its Cardinal Hill being Pen y Garn Goch (SN 884 502) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2). The hill is positioned above the stream valleys of the Nant yr Annell to the north and the Nant Einon to the south, with the small community of Beulah towards its east.
As the summit of the hill is not a part of designated open access land permission to visit should be sought, for those wishing to do so the nearest approach via a public footpath is from the south and over the Nant Einon to a track below the summit. Alternatively a longer approach from the east via another public footpath leads to the same track just south of the summit.
The addition of Cefn Cynllaith to 400m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Cefn Cynllaith
Summit Height: 405.0m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 89292 51575
Bwlch Height: 383.9m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 89176 51655
Drop: 21.1m
Therefore, the 405.0m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 89292 51575 and the 383.9m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 89176 51655 gives this hill 21.1m of drop which is sufficient for its inclusion as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Pen y Garn Goch
Summit Height: 405.0m (LIDAR data)
Name: Cefn Cynllaith
OS 1:50,000 map: 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 89292 51575
Drop: 21.1m (LIDAR data)
The total for Y Pedwarau remains at 442 hills with nine additions, and fourteen reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 220 with 27 hills being added and 20 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 442.9m (SN 945 643) – 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (56th reclassification)
There has been an addition to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being included in the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was not classified as its uppermost 430m ring contour that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps and bwlch contouring between 420m – 430m did not even warrant it an estimated P14m.
The hill is situated in the Elenydd range with its Cardinal Hill being Gorllwyn (SN 917 590), and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and is positioned above the small community of the Elan Village to its north-west and Llanwrthwl to its east south-east.
The summit of the hill is a part of designated open access land and has public footpaths approaching it from the north, south-west, south and south-east, all of which bisect with the open access land.
The name of the hill is being listed under the point (Pt. 442.9m) notation as the authors do not know an appropriate name for it either from local enquiry or from historical research, and its addition to 400m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Pt. 442.9m
Summit Height: 442.9m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 94528 64354
Bwlch Height: 422.3m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 94272 64477
Drop: 20.6m
Therefore, the 442.9m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 94528 64354 and the 422.3m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 94272 64477 gives this hill 20.6m of drop which is sufficient for its inclusion as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Gorllwyn
Summit Height: 442.9m (LIDAR data)
Name: Pt. 442.9
OS 1:50,000 map: 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 94528 64354
Drop: 20.6m (LIDAR data)
The total for Y Pedwarau remains at 442 hills with nine additions, and fourteen reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 219 with 26 hills being added and 20 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Lan (SN 952 552) – 390m Sub-Pedwar deletion (55th reclassification)
There has been a deletion to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
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| LIDAR image of Lan (SN 952 552) |
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being deleted from the 390m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 390m Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 390m and below 400m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with 76m of drop based on the 390m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and the 314m bwlch spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website.
The hill is situated in the Elenydd range with its Cardinal Hill being Gorllwyn (SN 917 590) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), the hill is positioned between the small communities of Llanafan Fawr to the east north-east and Glandulas towards the south.
The name the hill is listed by is Lan and this was derived from the Tithe map, and its deletion from 390m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
The hill is being listed by the point (Pt. 389.3m) notation as the authors do not know an appropriate name for it either from local enquiry or from historical research, and its deletion from 390m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
LIDAR analysis gives the hill the following details:
Lan
Summit Height: 389.4m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 95203 55201
Bwlch Height: 314.4m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 95556 55887
Drop: 74.9m
Therefore, the 389.4m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 95203 55201 and the 314.4m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 95556 55887 gives this hill 74.9m of drop and with its summit height being below 390m it is insufficient for its continued inclusion as a 390m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Gorllwyn
Summit Height: 389.4m (LIDAR)
Name: Pt. 389.3m
OS 1:50,000 map: 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 95203 55201
Drop: 74.9m (LIDAR)
The total for Y Pedwarau remains at 442 hills with nine additions, and fourteen reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The total for the 390m Sub-Pedwarau decreases by one to 37 hills and the total for the 390m Double Sub-Pedwarau remains at 26 hills.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (July 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Disgwylfa (SN 982 663) – 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (54th reclassification)
There has been a deletion to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
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| LIDAR image of Disgwylfa (SN 982 663) |
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being deleted from the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with 20m of drop based on the 477m summit spot height and the 457m bwlch spot height that appear on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website.
The hill is situated in the Hirddywel range with its Cardinal Hill being Gwastedyn Hill (SN 986 661) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and is positioned above the A 470 road which is to its north-west and has the town of Rhaeadr Gwy (Rhayader) to the north north-west.
As the summit of the hill is not a part of designated open access land permission should be sought to visit, however common sense should prevail as the summit is a local landmark and as the name of the hill implies it is a look out position, and as open access land is close to the high point to its immediate south, a visit to its summit should not course any dispute.
The name of the hill is Disgwylfa, although the area of the summit is also named as a part of Gwastedyn, and its deletion from 400m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
LIDAR analysis gives the hill the following details:
Disgwylfa
Summit Height: 475.6m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 98211 66311
Bwlch Height: 456.1m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 98422 66293
Drop: 19.5m
Therefore, the 475.6m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 98211 66311 and the 456.1m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 98422 66293 gives this hill 19.5m of drop which is insufficient for its continued inclusion as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Gwastedyn
Name: Disgwylfa
Summit Height: 475.6m (LIDAR)
Summit Grid Reference: SN 98211 66311 (LIDAR)
The total for Y Pedwarau remains at 442 hills with nine additions, and fourteen reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 218 with 25 hills being added and 20 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
 |
| Disgwylfa (SN 982 663) is now deleted from the 400m Sub-Pedwar category |
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (July 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Curnau Mawr (SN 751 750) – 390m Double Sub-Pedwar addition (53rd reclassification)
Survey post for Curnau Mawr
There has been an addition to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams and subsequently confirmed via a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being included in the 390m Double Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 390m Double Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 390m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was not classified but it was catalogued with c 16m of drop based on an estimated c 390m summit height and an estimated c 374m bwlch height, the latter height based on bwlch contouring between 370m – 380m.
The hill is a part of the Elenydd range with its Cardinal Hill being Pen y Garn (SN 798 771) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2). The hill is situated with the B 4574 to its north and the B 4343 to its west and is positioned between the small communities of Pontarfynach (Devil’s Bridge) to its north-west and Cwmystwyth to its east south-east.
For those wishing to visit the summit the whole upper section of the hill is a part of designated open access land, and this has immediate access from the B 4343 to the west or from a public footpath from the same road that intersects with the open access lane.
The name of the hill is Curnau Mawr and its addition to 390m Double Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Curnau Mawr
Summit Height: 391.4m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 75155 75007
Bwlch Height: 369.8m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 75343 74906
Drop: 21.6m
Therefore, the 391.4m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 75155 75007 and the 369.8m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 75343 74906 gives this hill 21.6m of drop which is sufficient for its inclusion as a 390m Double Sub-Pedwar, with the details from the Trimble GeoXH survey being 391.4m (converted to OSGM15) summit at SN 75154 75006 and 369.8m (converted to OSGM15) bwlch at SN 75342 24906, giving this hill 21.6m of drop.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Pen y Garn
Summit Height: 391.4m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000)
Name: Curnau Mawr
OS 1:50,000 map: 135, 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 75154 75006
Drop: 21.6m
The total for Y Pedwarau remains at 442 hills with nine additions, and fourteen reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The total for the 390m Sub-Pedwarau remains at 38 hills, whilst the total for the 390m Double Sub-Pedwarau increases by one to 26 hills.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
 |
| Curnau Mawr (SN 751 750) confirmed as a 390m Double Sub-Pedwar |
For details on the survey that confirmed this hill’s 390m Double Sub-Pedwar addition
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (July 2017)
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (July 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Mynydd yr Ychen (SN 768 794) – 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (52nd reclassification)
THIS HILL HAS SUBSEQUENTLY BEEN RE-INSTATED TO 400m SUB-PEDWAR STATUS
There has been a deletion to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being deleted from the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with c 20m of drop based on the 459m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated bwlch height of c 439m based on interpolation of bwlch contouring between 430m – 440m.
The hill is situated in the Elenydd range with its Cardinal Hill being Draws Drum (SN 790 811) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and is positioned with the small community of Pontarfynach (Devil’s Bridge) to the south-west and Ponterwyd to the north-west.
The hill is a part of designated open access land and can be accessed directly from the A 4120 and B 4343 roads which are to the west of the summit, public footpaths also give access to the open access land and originate towards the north-west and the west respectively, otherwise if wanting to visit the hill a longer route can be devised that takes in a number of adjacent hills.
The name the hill is listed by is Mynydd yr Ychen and its deletion from 400m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Mynydd yr Ychen
Summit Height: 459.9m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SN 76846 79457
Bwlch Height: 439.9m (converted to OSGM15)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 77051 79549
Drop: 19.98m
Therefore, the 459.9m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 76846 79457 and the 439.9m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 77051 79549 gives this hill 19.98m of drop which is insufficient for its continued inclusion as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Draws Drum
Summit Height: 459.9m (converted to OSGM15, LIDAR data)
Name: Mynydd yr Ychen
OS 1:50,000 map: 135, 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 76846 79457
Drop: 19.98m (converted to OSGM15, LIDAR data)
The total for Y Pedwarau remains at 442 hills with nine additions, and fourteen reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 219 with 25 hills being added and 19 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (June 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Coed yr Artsh (SN 764 760) – 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (51st reclassification)
There has been an addition to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was not classified, but it was catalogued with c 18m of drop based on the 444m summit spot height on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website and an estimated bwlch height of c 426m based on interpolation of bwlch contouring between 420m – 430m.
The hill is situated in the Elenydd range with its Cardinal Hill being Pen y Garn (SN 798 771) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and is positioned with the small community of Pontarfynach (Devil’s Bridge) to the west north-west and Cwmystwyth to the south-east.
The hill is not a part of designated open access land and therefore permission to visit should be sought, however it is a part of a large conifer forest that has many designated forest walks in it, and according to Ordnance Survey maps a path leaves one of these walks and heads through to trees to the summit, if this path exists on the ground those wishing to visit may have a relatively easy route to the hill’s high point.
The name of the hill is Coed yr Artsh and its addition to 400m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Coed yr Artsh
Summit Height: 443.5m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 76472 76079
Bwlch Height: 422.0m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 76593 76052
Drop: 21.5m
Therefore, the 443.5m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 76472 76079 and the 422.0m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 76593 76052 gives this hill 21.5m of drop which is sufficient for its inclusion as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Pen y Garn
Summit Height: 443.5m (LIDAR data)
Name: Coed yr Artsh
OS 1:50,000 map: 135, 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 76472 76079
Drop: 21.5m (LIDAR data)
The total for Y Pedwarau remains at 442 hills with nine additions, and fourteen reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 220 with 25 hills being added and 18 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (June 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Bryn yr Ysbyty (SN 985 995) – 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (50th reclassification)
There has been an addition to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was originally catalogued with c 20m of drop which would have qualified it for 400m Sub-Pedwar status, this was re-evaluated and in doing so contours were misinterpolated, resulting in the hill being catalogued with c 14m of drop and therefore it was not considered for inclusion in the 400m Sub-Pedwar category.
The hill is situated in the Carnedd Wen range with its Cardinal Hill being Garreg Hir (SN 998 979) and is placed in the Region of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and is positioned with the small community of Carno to the south-west and Clatter to the south south-east.
The hill is a part of designated open access land and although it is immersed in conifer plantation, a track enters the forest from east of the summit and gives access to a forest ride which ploughs its way through the conifers and comes relatively close to the high point, and dependent upon tree proximity any onward progress from here may prove problematic.
The name of the hill is Bryn yr Ysbyty and its addition to 400m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Bryn yr Ysbyty
Summit Height: 435.2m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 98523 99527
Bwlch Height: 413.3m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 99024 99915
Drop: 21.9m
Therefore, the 435.2m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 98523 99527 and the 413.3m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 99024 99915 gives this hill 21.9m of drop which is sufficient for its inclusion as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Garreg Hir
Summit Height: 435.2m (LIDAR data)
Name: Bryn yr Ysbyty
OS 1:50,000 map: 136
Summit Grid Reference: SN 98523 99527
Drop: 21.9m (LIDAR data)
The total for Y Pedwarau remains at 442 hills with nine additions, and fourteen reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 219 with 24 hills being added and 18 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Fuches (SN 866 836) – Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (49th reclassification)
THIS HILL HAS SUBSEQUENTLY BEEN RECLASSIFIED BACK TO PEDWAR STATUS
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being reclassified from a Pedwar to a 400m Sub-Pedwar. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with c 76m of drop based on an estimated summit height of c 453m and an estimated bwlch height of c 377m with the latter based on interpolation of bwlch contouring between 370m – 380m. The reclassification of this hill is dependent upon the analysis of LIDAR data for it, and its adjacent east south-easterly hill of Allt y Derw (SN 873 834), with the height of the highest hill swapping, with this affecting the position of the critical bwlch of both hills and the status of Fuches.
The hill is situated in the Pumlumon range with its Cardinal Hill being Pumlumon Fawr (SN 789 869) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and is positioned with the small community of Llangurig to the south-east of the hill.
The hill is a part of designated open access land and although it is immersed in conifer plantation, a forest ride crosses the summit ridge in a north-east to south-west direction which gives relatively easy access to its high point.
The name of the hill is Fuches and its reclassification from Pedwar to a 400m Sub-Pedwar is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Fuches
Summit Height: 446.7m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 86610 83643
Bwlch Height: 419.2m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 87000 83839
Drop: 27.5m
Therefore, the 446.7m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 86610 83643 and the 419.2m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 87000 83839 gives this hill 27.5m of drop which is insufficient for its retention as a Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Pumlumon Fawr
Summit Height: 446.7m (LIDAR data)
Name: Fuches
OS 1:50,000 map: 135, 136
Summit Grid Reference: SN 86610 83643
Drop: 27.5m (LIDAR data)
This reclassification now brings the total for Y Pedwarau to 442 hills with nine additions, and fourteen reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 218 with 23 hills being added and 18 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
 |
| The forested summit of Fuches (SN 866 836) |
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (June 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Bryn Crugog (SN 941 923) – 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar (48th reclassification)
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being reclassified from a 400m Sub-Pedwar to a Pedwar. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with c 20m of drop based on the 447m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated bwlch height of c 427m based on interpolation of bwlch contouring between 420m – 430m. The reclassification of this hill is dependent upon the analysis of LIDAR data for it, and its adjacent north-westerly hill of Esgair Hir (SN 937 925), with the height of the highest hill swapping, with this affecting the position of the critical bwlch of both hills and their status. The Hill Reclassifications post for Esgair Hir will appear separately.
The hill is situated in the Pumlumon range with its Cardinal Hill being Bryn Amlwg (SN 921 973) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and is positioned with the small community of Llawr-y-glyn to the south-west.
As the summit is not a part of designated open access land permission to visit should be sought, however there is a public footpath that approaches from the east and heads just south of the high point of the hill.
The name of the hill is Bryn Crugog and its reclassification from 400m Sub-Pedwar to Pedwar is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Bryn Crugog
Summit Height: 446.7m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 94130 92357
Bwlch Height: 394.7m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 93185 93490
Drop: 52.0m
Therefore, the 446.7m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 94130 92357 and the 394.7m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 93185 93490 gives this hill 52.0m of drop which is sufficient for its reclassification to a Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Bryn Amlwg
Summit Height: 446.7m (LIDAR data)
Name: Bryn Crugog
OS 1:50,000 map: 136
Summit Grid Reference: SN 94130 92357
Drop: 52.0m (LIDAR data)
This reclassification now brings the total for Y Pedwarau to 443 hills with nine additions, and thirteen reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 217 with 22 hills being added and 18 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (June 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Esgair Hir (SN 937 925) – Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (47th reclassification)
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being reclassified from a Pedwar to a 400m Sub-Pedwar. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with c 51m of drop based on the 448m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated bwlch height of c 397m based on interpolation of bwlch contouring between 390m – 400m. The reclassification of this hill is dependent upon the analysis of LIDAR data for it, and its adjacent south-easterly hill of Bryn Crugog (SN 941 923), with the height of the highest hill swapping, with this affecting the critical bwlch of both hills and their status. The Hill Reclassifications post for Bryn Crugog will appear separately.
The hill is situated in the Pumlumon range with its Cardinal Hill being Bryn Amlwg (SN 921 973) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and is positioned with the small community of Llawr-y-glyn towards its south-west.
As the summit is not a part of designated open access land permission to visit should be sought, however there are a number of public footpaths that approach the summit from the south, north and the east, all meeting just west of the high point of the hill.
The name of the hill is Esgair Hir and its reclassification from Pedwar to 400m Sub-Pedwar is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Esgair Hir
Summit Height: 446.5m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 93723 92558
Bwlch Height: 423.7m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 94106 92683
Drop: 22.8m
Therefore, the 446.5m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 93723 92558 and the 423.7m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 94106 92683 gives this hill 22.8m of drop which is insufficient for its continued inclusion as a Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Bryn Amlwg
Summit Height: 446.5m (LIDAR data)
Name: Esgair Hir
OS 1:50,000 map: 136
Summit Grid Reference: SN 93723 92558
Drop: 22.8m (LIDAR data)
This reclassification now brings the total for Y Pedwarau to 442 hills with eight additions, and thirteen reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 218 with 22 hills being added and 17 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (June 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Allt y Genlli (SN 985 950) – 390m Double Sub-Pedwar reclassified to 390m Sub-Pedwar (46th reclassification)
THIS HILL HAS SUBSEQUENTLY BEEN RE-INSTATED TO 390m DOUBLE SUB-PEDWAR STATUS
The following details have been superseded by a survey conducted by John Barnard, Chris Crocker and Graham Jackson using a Leica GS15 with the result that this hill has been re-instated to 390 Double Sub-Pedwar status with 28.7m of drop.
Below is the Hill Reclassifications post prior to the Leica GS15 survey:The following details have been superseded by a survey conducted by John Barnard, Chris Crocker and Graham Jackson using a Leica GS15 with the result that this hill has been re-instated to 390 Double Sub-Pedwar status with 28.7m of drop.
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this hill being reclassified from a 390m Double Sub-Pedwar to a 390m Sub-Pedwar. The criteria for 390m Double Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 390m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the criteria for 390m Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 390m and below 400m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed as a 390m Double Sub-Pedwar and its reclassification is dependent upon the LIDAR data analysis of it, and its southerly adjacent hill of Mynydd Garth Pwt, because of this the previously listed details of both hills based on map data are given below:
Allt y Genlli (previously listed as 390m Double Sub-Pedwar)
Summit Height: 394m (OS 1:25,000 Explorer map)
Summit Grid Reference: SN 985 950
Bwlch Height: 367m (OS enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 983 944
Drop: 27m
Mynydd Garth Pwt (listed as 390m Sub-Pedwar)
Summit Height: 397m (OS 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps)
Summit Grid Reference: SN 981 941
Bwlch Height: c 325m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 973 941
Drop: c 72m
The hill is a part of the Pumlumon range with its Cardinal Hill being Bryn Amlwg (SN 921 973) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2). The hill is situated to the south of the A 470 and is positioned between the small communities of Carno to its west north-west and Clatter to its east.
Although the whole upper part of the hill is a part of designated open access land it is also immersed in conifer plantation. The summit of the hill is encircled by a forest track and for those determined souls who wish to visit; an approach from the north using this track may be the best option, however only an on-site visit could determine how problematic an ascent could be.
The name of the hill is Allt y Genlli and its reclassification from 390m Double Sub-Pedwar to 390m Sub-Pedwar status is dependent upon its adjacent southerly hill of Mynydd Garth Pwt and the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives these two hills the following details:
Allt y Genlli
Summit Height: 398.9m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 98508 95042
Bwlch Height: 325.7m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 97387 94159
Drop: 73.2m
Mynydd Garth Pwt
Summit Height: 397.8m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 98154 94173
Bwlch Height: 367.3m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 98385 94438
Drop: 30.5m
Therefore, as the 398.9m LIDAR data produced for the summit position of Allt y Genlli at SN 98508 95042 is higher than the 397.8m LIDAR data produced for the summit position of Mynydd Garth Pwt at SN 98154 94173, the lower bwlch is the critical bwlch for the higher of the two hills, therefore the listed bwlch position of each hill is swapped.
The full details for the two hills are:
Cardinal Hill: Bryn Amlwg
Summit Height: 398.9m (LIDAR data)
Name: Allt y Genlli
OS 1:50,000 map: 136
Summit Grid Reference: SN 98508 95042
Drop: 73.2m (LIDAR data)
Cardinal Hill: Bryn Amlwg
Summit Height: 397.8m (LIDAR data)
Name: Mynydd Garth Pwt
OS 1:50,000 map: 136
Summit Grid Reference: SN 98154 94173
Drop: 30.5m (LIDAR data)
The total for Y Pedwarau remains at 443 hills with eight additions, and twelve reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The total for the 390m Double Sub-Pedwarau decreases by one to 25 hills and the total for the 390m Sub-Pedwarau increases by one to 38 hills.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (May 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
There has been a deletion from the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams, and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this deletion affecting the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Moel Cyneiniog (SN 725 883) – 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (44th reclassification)
There has been a deletion from the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams, and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Fainc Fawr (SN 741 893) – Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (43rd reclassification)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Fynach Fawr (SN 727 890) – Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (42nd reclassification)
THIS HILL HAS SUBSEQUENTLY BEEN RECLASSIFIED BACK TO PEDWAR STATUS
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (May 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 416.8m (SH 837 332) – 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (41st reclassification)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pen y Bryn Du (SJ 166 347) - 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (40th reclassification)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 458.5m (SN 982 116) - 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (39th reclassification)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Cwm Cynnydd Bank (SO 053 724) - 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar (38th reclassification)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Carreg y Gwynt (SN 956 776) - Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (37th reclassification)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 499.1m (SN 863 760) - 500m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (36th reclassification)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pen y Crocbren (SN 854 934) – 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (45th reclassification)
There has been a deletion from the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams, and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
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| Pen y Crocbren (SN 854 934) |
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this deletion affecting the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with c 21m of drop based on the 469m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps and an estimated bwlch height of c 448m based on interpolation of bwlch contouring between 440m – 450m.
The hill is situated in the Pumlumon group of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Foel Fadian (SN 828 953) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and is positioned with the small community of Dylife to the north-east.
If wanting to visit the hill it can be easily accessed as the public footpath that traverses it from a west to east direction is a part of Glyndŵr’s Way. Access to this long distance footpath can be found from north of the hill where public footpaths join it towards the hill’s west and east which can make for a small circular walk.
The name of the hill is Pen y Crocbren and its deletion from 400m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Pen y Crocbren
Summit Height: 467.7m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 85485 93464
Bwlch Height: 448.7m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 85232 93470
Drop: 19.0m
Therefore, the 467.7m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 85485 93464 and the 448.7m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 85232 93470 gives this hill 19.0m of drop which is insufficient for it to retain its status as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Foel Fadian
Summit Height: 467.7m (LIDAR data)
Name: Pen y Crocbren
OS 1:50,000 map: 135, 136
Summit Grid Reference: SN 85485 93464
Drop: 19.0m (LIDAR data)
The overall total for Y Pedwarau remains at 443 hills with eight additions, and twelve reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 217 with 21 hills being added and 17 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (May 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Moel Cyneiniog (SN 725 883) – 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (44th reclassification)
There has been a deletion from the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams, and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this deletion affecting the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with c 20m of drop based on the 414m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated bwlch height of c 394m based on interpolation of bwlch contouring between 390m – 400m.
The hill is situated in the Pumlumon group of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Banc Llechwedd Mawr (SN 775 898) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and is positioned with the small community of Tal-y-bont towards its west and Ponterwyd towards its south south-east.
If wanting to visit the hill an ascent may prove problematic as the map indicates that the whole of the hill is swamped in conifer plantation. However, the map also indicates a forest track that culminates at the bwlch of the hill and approaching the summit from here may prove less problematic than from other directions.
The name of the hill is Moel Cyneiniog and its deletion from 400m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Moel Cyneiniog
Summit Height: 408.4m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 72547 88342
Bwlch Height: 391.9m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 72713 88377
Drop: 16.5m
Therefore, the 408.4m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 72547 88342 and the 391.9m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 72713 88377 gives this hill 16.5m of drop which is insufficient for it to retain its status as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Banc Llechwedd Mawr
Summit Height: 408.4m (LIDAR data)
Name: Moel Cyneiniog
OS 1:50,000 map: 135
Summit Grid Reference: SN 72547 88342
Drop: 16.5m (LIDAR data)
The overall total for Y Pedwarau remains at 443 hills with eight additions, and twelve reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 218 with 21 hills being added and 16 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (May 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Fainc Fawr (SN 741 893) – Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (43rd reclassification)
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau with a Pedwar being reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this reclassification affecting the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with 32m of drop based on a basic levelling survey (BLS) conducted by Myrddyn Phillips on the 17.04.03, with the resulting 104ft (31.7m) of drop being sufficient for the hill to be listed in the main P30 list. With a 467m summit spot height on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map this BLS places the height of the bwlch at 435m. The hill was duly listed under the name Bryniau Rhyddion, please note; the name this hill is now listed by is Fainc Fawr.
The hill is situated in the Pumlumon group of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Banc Llechwedd Mawr (SN 775 898) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and is positioned with the small community of Tal-y-bont to its west and Ponterwyd to its south.
Access to the hill is relatively easy from the south-west as a public footpath heads east on a track from a minor road before leaving the track and following the course of a stream toward the north. As the whole of this hill is a part of designated open access land the broad southern ridge of the hill can be followed to its summit from the public footpath and track to the south.
The name of the hill is Fainc Fawr and its reclassification from Pedwar to 400m Sub-Pedwar is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Fainc Fawr
Summit Height: 466.2m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 74150 89367
Bwlch Height: 437.9m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 74446 89672
Drop: 28.3m
Therefore, the 466.2m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 74150 89367 and the 437.9m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 74446 89672 gives this hill 28.3m of drop which is insufficient for its continued inclusion as a Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Banc Llechwedd Mawr
Summit Height: 466.2m (LIDAR data)
Name: Fainc Fawr
OS 1:50,000 map: 135
Summit Grid Reference: SN 74150 89367
Drop: 28.3m (LIDAR data)
This reclassification now brings the total for Y Pedwarau to 443 hills with eight additions, and twelve reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 219 with 21 hills being added and 15 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (May 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Fynach Fawr (SN 727 890) – Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (42nd reclassification)
THIS HILL HAS SUBSEQUENTLY BEEN RECLASSIFIED BACK TO PEDWAR STATUS
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau with a Pedwar being reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this reclassification affecting the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with c 32m of drop based on the 464m summit spot height on Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps and an estimated bwlch height of c 432m based on bwlch contouring between 430m – 440m.
The hill is situated in the Pumlumon group of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Banc Llechwedd Mawr (SN 775 898) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and is positioned with the small community of Tal-y-bont to its west and Ponterwyd to its south south-east.
As the whole upper part of the hill is immersed in conifer plantation visiting its summit may prove to be a battle, with easiest access possibly via the north-west where the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website indicates that there is a forest ride following the course of an old fence line to approximately 150 metres north of the summit.
The name of the hill is Fynach Fawr and its reclassification from Pedwar to 400m Sub-Pedwar is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Fynach Fawr
Summit Height: 461.4m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 72715 89052
Bwlch Height: 432.5m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 72911 89412
Drop: 28.9m
Therefore, the 461.4m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 72715 89052 and the 432.5m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 72911 89412 gives this hill 28.9m of drop which is insufficient for its continued inclusion as a Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Banc Llechwedd Mawr
Summit Height: 461.4m (LIDAR data)
Name: Fynach Fawr
OS 1:50,000 map: 135
Summit Grid Reference: SN 72715 89052
Drop: 28.9m (LIDAR data)
This reclassification now brings the total for Y Pedwarau to 444 hills with eight additions, and eleven reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 218 with 20 hills being added and 15 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
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| The forested summit of Fynach Fawr (SN 727 890) |
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (May 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 416.8m (SH 837 332) – 400m Sub-Pedwar addition (41st reclassification)
There has been an addition to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams, and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this addition affecting the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was categorised with 19m of drop based on the 417m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and the 398m bwlch spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website.
The hill is situated in the Arenig group of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Arenig Fawr (SH 827 369) and is placed in the Region of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and is positioned with the small community of Llanuwchllyn to its south-east.
If wanting to visit the hill permission to do so should be sought as it is not on open access land and to add to access problems the map indicates that its summit is immersed in conifer trees. However, it is positioned between two public footpaths with the one to its west nearest to its summit.
The hill is being listed by the point (Pt. 416.8m) notation as the authors do not know a suitable name for it either from historical research or local enquiry and its addition to 400m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Pt. 416.8m
Summit Height: 416.8m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 83743 33235
Bwlch Height: 396.7m (converted to OSGM15)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 83569 33326
Drop: 20.1m
Therefore, the 416.8m (converted to OSGM15) LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SH 83743 33235 and the 396.7m (converted to OSGM15) LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SH 83569 33326 gives this hill 20.1m of drop which is sufficient for its inclusion as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Arenig Fawr
Summit Height: 416.8m (converted to OSGM15) (LIDAR data)
Name: Pt. 416.8m
OS 1:50,000 map: 124, 125
Summit Grid Reference: SH 83743 33235
Drop: 20.1m (converted to OSGM15) (LIDAR data)
The overall total for Y Pedwarau remains at 445 hills with eight additions, and ten reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 217 with 19 hills being added and 15 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (May 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pen y Bryn Du (SJ 166 347) - 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (40th reclassification)
There has been a deletion to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the list of 400m hills of Wales and takes in all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height that have a minimum 30m of drop, the list is a joint compilation between Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams, and it commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this alteration affecting the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with 20m of drop based on the 455m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map and the 435m bwlch spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.
The hill is situated in the Y Berwyn group of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Moel Fferna (SJ 116 397) and is placed in the Region of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and is positioned with the small communities of Llanarmon Dyffryn Ceiriog to its south south-west and Pandy to its east north-east.
If wanting to visit the hill permission to do so should be sought as it is not on open access land. It is positioned between two stream valleys to its west and east, both have rights of access on tracks that head to the north of the summit and would give access to the hill and its summit.
The name of the hill is Pen y Bryn Du and its deletion from 400m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Pen y Bryn Du
Summit Height: 455.3m
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 16699 34722
Bwlch Height: 435.9m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SJ 16535 35083
Drop: 19.4m
Therefore, the 455.3m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SJ 16699 34722 and the 435.9m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SJ 16535 35083 gives this hill 19.4m of drop which is insufficient for its retention as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Moel Fferna
Summit Height: 455.3m (LIDAR data)
Name: Pen y Bryn Du
OS 1:50,000 map: 125
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 16699 34722
Drop: 19.4m (LIDAR data)
The overall total for Y Pedwarau remains at 445 hills with eight additions, and ten reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 216 with 18 hills being added and 15 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (April 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 458.5m (SN 982 116) - 400m Sub-Pedwar deletion (39th reclassification)
There has been an alteration to the listing of Y Pedwarau due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. Y Pedwarau is the title for the co-authored listing of the 400m hills of Wales, with the criteria for this list being all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with a minimum 30m of drop.
Accompanying the main Y Pedwarau list are five categories of sub hills, with this alteration affecting the 400m Sub-Pedwar category. The criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar qualification is all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
Prior to analysis of LIDAR data the hill was listed with 20m of drop based on the 458m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and the 438m bwlch spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website.
The hill is situated in the Fforest Fawr group of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Fan Fawr (SN 969 193) and is placed in the Region of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2). The hill is positioned above the small communities of Penderyn to its south-west and Llwyn Onn to its east.
The hill is situated on open access land and can be easily accessed from either its north north-west from the A 4059 road and also taking in the 485m map heighted Pedwar of Cadair Fawr (SN 977 123), or it can be accessed from its south-east from the convenience of a narrow minor road that reaches over 400m in height.
As the authors do not know an individual name for the hill either from local and / or historical research we are following the point (Pt. 458.5m) notation and its deletion from 400m Sub-Pedwar status is due to the analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Pt. 458.5m
Summit Height: 458.5m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 98267 11645
Bwlch Height: 438.9m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 98245 11829
Drop: 19.6m
Therefore, the 458.5m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 98267 11645 and the 438.9m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 98245 11829 gives this hill 19.6m of drop which is insufficient for its retention as a 400m Sub-Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Fan Fawr
Summit Height: 458.5m (LIDAR data)
Name: Pt. 458.5m
OS 1:50,000 map: 160
Summit Grid Reference: SN 98267 11645
Drop: 19.6m (LIDAR data)
The overall total for Y Pedwarau remains at 445 hills with eight additions, and ten reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The overall total for the 400m Sub-Pedwarau is now 217 with 18 hills being added and 14 hills being taken out of this category since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013.
The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes detailed on the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
For the additions, reclassifications and deletions to Y Pedwarau reported on Mapping Mountains since the May 2013 publication of the list by Europeaklist please consult the following Change Registers:
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (April 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Cwm Cynnydd Bank (SO 053 724) - 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar (38th reclassification)
There has been a reclassification to the listing of the Y Pedwarau with a 400m Sub-Pedwar being reclassified to Pedwar status due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The 400m Sub-Pedwarau is one of five categories of sub hills that accompany the main Y Pedwarau list, with the criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the criteria for Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with a minimum 30m of drop.
The hill is situated in the Pegwn Mawr group with its Cardinal Hill being Brondre Fawr Hill (SO 041 783) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and is positioned between the small communities of Bwlch y Sarnau to the north-west and Abaty Cwm Hir (Abbey Cwmhir) to the south.
The summit of the hill is situated in conifer plantation but the hill can be accessed via forestry tracks from a number of directions as these encircle the upper part of the hill. The forestry track towards the north-east and also the south-west of the summit gives access to a forest ride that passes within a few metres and to the east of the high point of the hill.
The name of the hill is Cwm Cynnydd Bank (previously listed in Y Pedwarau as Pt. 444m, Cwmcynydd Bank) and prior to the analysis of LIDAR data and its subsequent listing as a Pedwar the hill had been listed as a 400m Sub-Pedwar with c 27m of drop based on the 444m spot height that appears at SO 05234 72506 on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated bwlch height of c 417m at SO 05783 72592.
As Aled was analysing other hills in the vicinity against LIDAR data, he did likewise with Cwm Cynnydd Bank. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Cwm Cynnydd Bank
Summit Height: 451.4m
Summit Grid Reference: SO 05342 72437
Summit Height: 451.4m
Summit Grid Reference: SO 05342 72437
Bwlch Height: 416.4m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SO 05788 72576
Drop: 35.0m
Therefore, the 451.4m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SO 05342 72437 and the 416.4m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SO 05788 72576 gives this hill 35.0m of drop which is sufficient for its reclassification from a 400m Sub-Pedwar to a Pedwar.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Brondre Fawr Hill
Summit Height: 451.4m (LIDAR data)
Name: Cwm Cynnydd Bank
OS 1:50,000 map: 136, 147
Summit Grid Reference: SO 05342 72437
Drop: 35.0m (LIDAR data)
This now brings the overall total for Y Pedwarau to 445 hills with eight additions, and ten reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the 400m Sub-Pedwar list and added to the Pedwar list in forthcoming publications. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
The list of additions and reclassifications from the Pedwar list since the 1st edition of the Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
PEDWAR ADDITIONS
Pt. 499.5m (converted to OSGM15) (SH 665 310) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 30.3m drop
Cwm Cynnydd Bank (LIDAR data) (SO 053 724) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 35.0m drop
PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
Pt. 422.3m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 073 822) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.0m drop
Pt. 407.7m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 180 692) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.3m drop
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (March 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Carreg y Gwynt (SN 956 776) - Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (37th reclassification)
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau with a Pedwar being reclassified to the ranks of 400m Sub-Pedwar by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The 400m Sub-Pedwarau is one of five categories of sub hills that accompany the main Y Pedwarau list, with the criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
The hill is situated in the Pegwn Mawr group with its Cardinal Hill being Garreg Lwyd (SN 942 733) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1). The hill is positioned between the small community of Llangurig to the west north-west and the town of Llanidloes to the north.
The hill can be ascended from the north, south or east where public footpaths leave minor narrow roads and circumvent its summit. As the hill is not a part of open access land permission to visit its summit should be sought.
The name of the hill is Carreg y Gwynt and prior to the analysis of LIDAR data and its subsequent listing as a 400m Sub-Pedwar it had been listed as a Pedwar with 32m of drop based on a 104ft (31.7m) basic levelling survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips on the 23.04.04.
As Aled was analysing other hills in the vicinity against LIDAR data, he did likewise with Carreg y Gwynt. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Carreg y Gwynt
Summit Height: 426.7m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 95698 77665
Bwlch Height: 398.6m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 95153 78738
Drop: 28.1m
Therefore, the 426.7m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 95698 77665 and the 398.6m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 95153 78738 is insufficient for this hill to retain its Pedwar status, and therefore it is reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.1m of drop, and the list of the Y Pedwarau will be updated accordingly.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Garreg Lwyd
Summit Height: 426.7m (LIDAR data)
Name: Carreg y Gwynt
OS 1:50,000 map: 136, 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 95698 77665
Drop: 28.1m (LIDAR data)
This now brings the overall total for Y Pedwarau to 444 hills with seven additions, and ten reclassifications to 400m Sub-Pedwar status since publication of the list by Europeaklist in May 2013. The hill will be taken out of the Pedwar list and added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar list in forthcoming publications. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site, with the list having also commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
The list of additions and reclassifications from the Pedwar list since the 1st edition of Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
PEDWAR ADDITIONS
Pt. 499.5m (converted to OSGM15) (SH 665 310) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 30.3m drop
PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
Pt. 422.3m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 073 822) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.0m drop
Pt. 407.7m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 180 692) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.3m drop
Carreg y Gwynt (LIDAR data) (SN 956 776) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.1m of drop
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (March 2017)
Mapping Mountains - Hill Reclassifications - Y Pedwarau
Pt. 499.1m (SN 863 760) - 500m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar (36th reclassification)
There has been a reclassification to the listing of Y Pedwarau with a 500m Sub-Pedwar being reclassified to the ranks of 400m Sub-Pedwar by analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. The 400m Sub-Pedwarau is one of five categories of sub hills that accompany the main Y Pedwarau list, with the criteria for 400m Sub-Pedwar status being all Welsh hills at or above 400m and below 500m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
The hill is situated in the Elenydd group of hills with its Cardinal Hill being Draws Drum (SN 790 811) and is placed in the Region of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2). The hill is situated with the small community of Llangurig to the north-east and Cwmystwyth to the west south-west and is positioned directly above and to the north of the narrow mountain road that heads north-westward from Rhaeadr Gwy (Rhayader).
As the hill is immediately above a road access to it is relatively easy from where a public footpath is indicated on Ordnance Survey maps leaving the road to the west south-west of the summit and following a stream valley up toward the hill’s west, from here the ascent to the featureless flat topped summit area is on ground that is relatively easy compared to other hills in the vicinity.
The sub category of 500m Sub-Pedwarau is relatively new having only been announced on the 30.01.17 when the Y Pedwarau started publication on the Mapping Mountains site, prior to this hill’s reclassification it had been listed as an Uchaf and a 500m Sub-Twmpau with 27.9m of drop and an estimated c 500m summit height based on the small 500m uppermost contour ring on Ordnance Survey maps and the flat topped nature of its summit area.
The name of the hill is currently being listed by the point (Pt. 499.1m) notation and its reclassification from 500m Sub-Pedwar to 400m Sub-Pedwar is due to analysis of LIDAR data by Aled Williams. LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) is highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.
Aled’s analysis of LIDAR data gives the hill the following details:
Pt. 499.1m
Summit Height: 499.1m
Summit Grid Reference: SN 86343 76073
Bwlch Height: 471.0m
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 86323 76358
Drop: 28.1m
Therefore, the 499.1m LIDAR data produced for the summit position at SN 86343 76073 and the 471.0m LIDAR data produced for the bwlch position at SN 86323 76358 gives this hill 28.1m of drop, which is in good accordance with the value produced for this hill when surveyed by John Barnard, Graham Jackson, David Purchase and myself in June 2008 using a level and staff resulting in a drop of 27.9m. Therefore the summit height of this hill is insufficient for it to retain its 500m Sub-Pedwar status, and therefore it is reclassified to a 400m Sub-Pedwar with a 499.1m summit height and 27.9m of drop, and the list of Y Pedwarau will be updated accordingly.
The full details for the hill are:
Cardinal Hill: Draws Drum
Summit Height: 499.1m (LIDAR data)
Name: Pt. 499.1m
OS 1:50,000 map: 135, 136, 147
Summit Grid Reference: SN 86343 76073
Drop: 27.9m (line survey)
The hill will be taken out of the 500m Sub-Pedwar list and added to the 400m Sub-Pedwar list in forthcoming publications. The list of Pedwar hills is available from the Haroldstreet website (January 2014) with all subsequent changes available via the Mapping Mountains site, with the list also having commenced publication on Mapping Mountains on the 30.01.17.
The list of additions and reclassifications from / to the 400m Sub-Pedwar list since the 1st edition of Y Pedwarau was published by Europeaklist are as follows:
400m SUB-PEDWAR ADDITIONS
Pt. 422.3m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 073 822) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 29.0m drop
Pt. 407.7m (converted to OSGM15) (SO 180 692) Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 28.3m drop
Pt. 499.1m (LIDAR data) (SN 863 760) 500m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to 400m Sub-Pedwar with 499.1m summit height
400m SUB-PEDWAR RECLASSIFICATIONS
Pt. 499.5m (converted to OSGM15) (SH 665 310) 400m Sub-Pedwar reclassified to Pedwar with 30.3m drop
400m SUB-PEDWAR DELETIONS
Myrddyn Phillips and Aled Williams (March 2017)
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