Mapping Mountains – Significant Name Changes – The Welsh P15s

 

Pen Ucheldref (SH 349 882) 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in The Welsh P15s, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary maps produced from Ordnance Survey data and LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Pen Ucheldref (SH 349 882)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

The Welsh P15s – Welsh hills with 15m minimum drop, irrespective of their height, with an accompanying sub list entitled the Welsh Sub-P15s, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills with 14m or more and below 15m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the Introduction to the list appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 10^th May 2019. 

The Welsh P15s by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned with two minor roads beside its summit and the A5025 road to its north-west, and has the village of Llanrhuddlad also towards the north-west. 

When the listing that became known as The Welsh P15s was being compiled, this hill was listed under the point (Pt. c 90m) notation with an estimated c 23m of drop, based on an estimated c 90m summit height and an estimated c 67m bwlch height, with both heights based on interpolation of 5m contouring that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, with the 85m upper summit contour mistaken for 90m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 6 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Pen Ucheldref in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanfflewin and in the county named as Anglesey. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in The Welsh P15s is Pen Ucheldref and this derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Ynys Môn 

Name:  Pen Ucheldref

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. c 90m 

OS 1:50,000 map:  114

Summit Height:  85.4m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 34917 88259 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  c 67m (interpolation) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 35183 88544 (interpolation) 

Drop:  c 18m (LIDAR summit and interpolated bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2021)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mapping Mountains – Summit Relocations – The Welsh P15s

 

Pen Ucheldref (SH 349 882) 

There has been a Summit Relocation to a hill that is listed in the The Welsh P15s, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary maps produced from Ordnance Survey data and LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Pen Ucheldref (SH 349 882)

The criteria for the list that this summit relocation applies to are:

The Welsh P15s – Welsh hills with 15m minimum drop, irrespective of their height, with an accompanying sub list entitled the Welsh Sub-P15s, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills with 14m or more and below 15m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the Introduction to the list appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 10^th May 2019. 

The Welsh P15s by Myrddyn Phillips

The name the hill is listed by is Pen Ucheldref and this was derived from the Tithe map, and it is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned with two minor roads beside its summit and the A5025 road to its north-west, and has the village of Llanrhuddlad also towards the north-west. 

When the listing that became known as The Welsh P15s was being compiled, this hill was listed with an estimated c 23m of drop, based on an estimated c 90m summit height positioned at SH 34812 87943 and an estimated c 67m bwlch height, with both heights based on interpolation of 5m contouring that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, with the 85m upper summit contour mistaken for 90m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed.  The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales. 

The summit height produced by LIDAR analysis is 85.4m and is positioned at SH 34917 88259, and this comes within the parameters of the Summit Relocations used within this page heading, these parameters are: 

The term Summit Relocations applies when the hill’s high point is found to be positioned; in a different field, within a different map contour, to a different feature such as in a conifer plantation, to a different point where a number of potential summit positions are within close proximity, a relocation of approximately 100 metres or more in distance from either the position of a map spot height or from where the summit of the hill was previously thought to exist, or when natural ground or the natural and intact summit is confirmed compared to a higher point such as a raised field boundary that is judged to be a relatively recent man-made construct. 

Therefore, the summit height produced by LIDAR analysis is 85.4m and this is positioned at SH 34917 88259, this position is given an 85m spot height on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger maps and an 84m spot height on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps, and is approximately 320 metres northward from where the previously listed summit is positioned. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Ynys Môn 

Name:  Pen Ucheldref 

OS 1:50,000 map:  114

Summit Height:  85.4m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference (New Position):  SH 34917 88259 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  c 67m (interpolation) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 35183 88544 (interpolation) 

Drop:  c 18m (LIDAR summit and interpolated bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2021)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mapping Mountains – Significant Height Revisions – The Welsh P15s

 

Pen Ucheldref (SH 349 882) 

There has been a Significant Height Revision to a hill that is listed in The Welsh P15s, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary maps produced from Ordnance Survey data and LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Pen Ucheldref (SH 349 882)

The criteria for the list that this height revision applies to are:

The Welsh P15s – Welsh hills with 15m minimum drop, irrespective of their height, with an accompanying sub list entitled the Welsh Sub-P15s, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills with 14m or more and below 15m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the Introduction to the list appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 10^th May 2019. 

The Welsh P15s by Myrddyn Phillips

The name the hill is listed by is Pen Ucheldref and this was derived from the Tithe map, and it is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned with two minor roads beside its summit and the A5025 road to its north-west, and has the village of Llanrhuddlad also towards the north-west. 

When the listing that became known as The Welsh P15s was being compiled, this hill was listed with an estimated c 23m of drop, based on an estimated c 90m summit height and an estimated c 67m bwlch height, with both heights based on interpolation of 5m contouring that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, with the 85m upper summit contour mistaken for 90m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed.  The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales. 

The summit height produced by LIDAR analysis is 85.4m and this comes within the parameters of the Significant Height Revisions used within this page heading, these parameters are: 

The term Significant Height Revisions applies to any listed hill whose interpolated height and Ordnance Survey or Harvey map summit spot height has a 2m or more discrepancy when compared to the survey result produced by the Trimble GeoXH 6000 or analysis of data produced via LIDAR, also included are hills whose summit map data is missing an uppermost ring contour when compared to the data produced by the Trimble or by LIDAR analysis. 

Therefore, this hill’s new listed summit height is 85.4m and this was derived from LIDAR analysis, this is 4.6m lower than the previous listed summit height of c 90m which was based on interpolation of 5m contouring that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, with the 85m upper summit contour mistaken for 90m.

 

ills of Wales, and are reproduced below@

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Ynys Môn 

Name:  Pen Ucheldref 

OS 1:50,000 map:  114

Summit Height (New Height):  85.4m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 34917 88259 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  c 67m (interpolation) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 35183 88544 (interpolation) 

Drop:  c 18m (LIDAR summit and interpolated bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2021)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mapping Mountains – Hill Reclassifications – 30-99m Twmpau

Pen Ucheldref (SH 349 882) – 30-99m Sub-Twmpau deletion

There has been a deletion to the list of 30-99m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary maps produced from Ordnance Survey data and LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Pen Ucheldref (SH 349 882)

The criteria for the list that this deletion applies to are: 

30-99m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The name the hill is listed by is Pen Ucheldref and this was derived from the Tithe map, and it is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned with two minor roads beside its summit and the A5025 road to its north-west, and has the village of Llanrhuddlad also towards the north-west. 

When the original 30-99m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was not included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category. 

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed with an estimated c 23m of drop, based on an estimated c 90m summit height and an estimated c 67m bwlch height, with both heights based on interpolation of 5m contouring that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, with the 85m upper summit contour mistaken for 90m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed.  The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales. 

Therefore, the deletion of this hill from 30-99m Sub-Twmpau status is due to a combination of detail on contemporary maps produced from Ordnance Survey data and LIDAR analysis, resulting in an 85.4m summit height and an estimated c 67m bwlch height, with these values giving this hill an estimated c 18m of drop, which is insufficient for it to be classified as a 30-99m Sub-Twmpau. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Ynys Môn 

Name:  Pen Ucheldref 

OS 1:50,000 map:  114

Summit Height:  85.4m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 34917 88259 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  c 67m (interpolation) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 35183 88544 (interpolation) 

Drop:  c 18m (LIDAR summit and interpolated bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (July 2021)

 

 

  

Mapping Mountains – Significant Name Changes – 100m Twmpau

 

Pen Ucheldref (SH 558 773) 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary maps produced from Ordnance Survey data. 

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Ynys Môn group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned with a minor road to its immediate south-east and the B5109 road to its immediate south-west, and has the village of Llanddona towards the north-east. 

When the original 100m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was not included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category. 

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-assessed and it was listed as Cae’r Ffynnon; a name that appeared near to the summit of this hill on the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, with 21m of drop, based on the 133m summit spot height and the 112m bwlch spot height that appear on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate. 

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 54 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Pen Ucheldref in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llansadwrn and in the county named as Anglesey. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Pen Ucheldref, and this was derived from the Tithe map, with Cae’r Ffynnon being the name of a farm positioned at SH 55656 77363 and Pen Ucheldref the name of a farm positioned at SH 55884 77174, with the Tithe naming the land where the summit of this hill is situated as Pen Ucheldref. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Ynys Môn 

Name:  Pen Ucheldref

Previously Listed Name:  Cae’r Ffynnon 

OS 1:50,000 map:  114, 115

Summit Height:  133m (spot height) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 55805 77334 (spot height) 

Bwlch Height:  112m (spot height) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 57062 78438 (spot height) 

Drop:  21m (spot height summit and bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (March 2021)