100m
Twmpau – Significant Name Changes
The 100m Twmpau (thirty welsh metre prominences and upward) are the Welsh hills at or above 100m
and below 200m in height that have a minimum drop of 30m. Accompanying the main P30 list is a sub list
entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the
qualification to this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and
below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
The list is authored by Myrddyn
Phillips and the posts that have appeared on Mapping Mountains detailing the
significant name changes to the main P30 list and the sub list appear below
presented chronologically in receding order.
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Cae Alen (SH 781 758) - 35th significant name change
Survey post for Cae Alen
Summit Relocations post for Cae Alen
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, its location, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis, and a subsequent summit survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 conducted by Myrddyn Phillips, with the latter taking place on the 10th October 2018.
 |
| Cae Alen (SH 781 758) |
The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height. With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height. The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015.
The hill is adjoined to the Carneddau group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned with the B5106 road to its west and the Afon Conwy (River Conwy) to its east, and has the town of Conwy towards its north.
The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the directional name of Iolyn Park North East Top, with an accompanying note stating Name from camp site to the South-West.
Iolyn Park North East top
|
130m
|
115
|
17
|
Name from camp site to the South-West
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them, or as in this instance use a directional name based on what I presumed was the name of a camp site toward the south-west. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 79 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae alen in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Gyffin and in the county named as Carnarvon [sic].
 |
| Extract from the apportionments |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Cae Alen, and this was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Carneddau
Name: Cae Alen
Previously Listed Name: Iolyn Park North East Top
OS 1:50,000 map: 115
Summit Height: 129.1m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 78116 75814
Bwlch Height: 34.8m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 77629 74003 (LIDAR)
Drop: 94.3m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Dominance: 73.05% (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Myrddyn Phillips (April 2019)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Bryn Eithin (SH 775 752) - 34th significant name change
Survey post for Bryn Eithin
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, its location, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis, and a subsequent summit survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 conducted by Myrddyn Phillips, with the latter taking place on the 10th October 2018.
 |
| Bryn Eithin (SH 775 752) |
 |
| LIDAR image of Bryn Eithin (SH 775 752) |
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is adjoined to the Carneddau group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned with the B5106 road to its west and the Afon Conwy (River Conwy) to its east, and has the town of Conwy towards its north.
The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Iolyn Park which is a name that appears on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps and which is placed relatively close to this hill’s summit.
Iolyn Park
|
130c
|
115
|
17
|
During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to. Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
When visiting this hill I met Richard Davies; an employee at the Gorse Hill Caravan Park, which takes in land including the summit of this hill. Richard kindly directed me toward the high point and during our conversation referred to the hill as Gorse Hill, which is another name that appears close to this hill’s summit on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps. On my way toward the top I then met Rob Thomas-Evelyn; the owner of the site, Rob was concerned that someone was wandering about unannounced and asked me to visit the site office for health and safety protocols after I had been to the summit.
 |
| The summit of Bryn Eithin |
After visiting the summit I walked down to the site office, where I greeted Rob, signed the visitor’s book and proceeded to ask him about the hill and its name. Rob confirmed the hill is known as Gorse Hill and unprompted referred to it as Bryn Eithin, which is the literal translation of Gorse Hill.
 |
| LIDAR summit image of Bryn Eithin |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Bryn Eithin, and this was derived from local enquiry with the English equivalent appearing on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps as Gorse Hill, with it being standard practice to prioritise a Welsh name over a literal translation of it in to English.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Carneddau
Name: Bryn Eithin
Previously Listed Name: Iolyn Park
OS 1:50,000 map: 115
Summit Height: 128.5m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 77584 75224
Bwlch Height: 95.5m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 77644 75447 (LIDAR)
Drop: 33.0m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Cae Glas (SS 712 946) - 33rd significant name change
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height and its location, and the drop of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
 |
| LIDAR image of Cae Glas (SS 712 946) |
The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height. With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height. The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015.
The hill is adjoined to the Fforest Fawr group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C2), and it is positioned with the Crymlyn Bog to its west, the Tennant Canal and the A483 road to its south and the B4290 and M4 roads to its east, and has the town of Castell-nedd (Neath) towards its north-east.
The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under a partly invented and transposed name of Pen Pant-y-sais, with an accompanying note stating; Name from valley to the South-East.
Pen Pant-y-Sais
|
106m
|
170
|
165
|
Name from valley to the South-East
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of what I presumed to be a valley and add the word Pen to it. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 288 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Glas in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Cadoxton Juxta Neath in the county named as Glamorgan.
 |
| Extract from the apportionments |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Cae Glas, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Fforest Fawr
Name: Cae Glas
Previously Listed Name: Pen Pant-y-sais
OS 1:50,000 map: 170
Summit Height: 107.1m (LIDAR)
Summit Grid Reference: SS 71271 94675 (LIDAR)
Bwlch Height: 38.2m (LIDAR, natural bwlch)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SS 71439 96229 (LIDAR, natural bwlch)
Drop: 68.9m (LIDAR)
Dominance: 64.34% (LIDAR)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Clytiau Poethion (SH 763 717) - 32nd significant name change
Survey post for Clytiau Poethion
Hill Reclassifications post for Clytiau Poethion
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is now listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height and its location, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and its summit height subsequently confirmed by a Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey, both conducted by Myrddyn Phillips, with the latter taking place on the 10th October 2018.
 |
| LIDAR image of Clytiau Poethion (SH 763 717) |
The criteria for the two lists that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height. With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height. The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015.
The hill is adjoined to the Carneddau group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is encircled by minor roads with the B5106 and the Afon Conwy (River Conwy) to its east, and has the town of Conwy to its north.
The hill has not previously been listed as its adjacent northerly hill of Maes Glas Mawr (SH 76876 72414) was thought to be higher, LIDAR analysis and the survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 proved otherwise and therefore Clytiau Poethion is now listed as the 100m Twmpau and the Lesser Dominant hill.
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 195 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Clylliau [sic] Poethion in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Caerhun and in the county named as Caernarvonshire [sic].
 |
| Extract from the apportionments |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Clytiau Poethion, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Carneddau
Name: Clytiau Poethion
Previously Listed Name: not previously listed
OS 1:50,000 map: 115
Summit Height: 109.1m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 76337 71799
Bwlch Height: 68.7m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 77496 72493 (LIDAR)
Drop: 40.35m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Dominance: 37.00% (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Myrddyn Phillips (March 2019)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Maes Glas Mawr (SH 768 724) - 31st significant name change
Survey post for Maes Glas Mawr
Hill Reclassifications post for Maes Glas Mawr
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, its location, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis, and a subsequent summit survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 conducted by Myrddyn Phillips, with the latter taking place on the 10th October 2018.
 |
| Maes Glas Mawr (SH 768 724) |
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is adjoined to the Carneddau group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is encircled by minor roads with the B5106 road and the Afon Conwy (River Conwy) to its east, and has the town of Conwy towards its north.
The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the partly invented and transposed name of Bryn Glyn Uchaf with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South-West.
Bryn Glyn Uchaf
|
107m
|
115
|
17
|
Height from 1989 1:50000 map. Name from buildings to the South-West
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
After visiting this hill I called at Glyn Uchaf farm and followed instructions pinned on the front door to call at the new house, which is situated just down the track from Glyn Uchaf. Having knocked on the front door of the new house, Tomi Owen opened it and immediately invited me in and offered me a drink and a bite to eat. I sat at the table with my rucksack on the kitchen floor whilst Tomi offered me a cup of tea and a refreshing cold drink of orange, during which I happily indulged in a plate full of shortbread. Having explained where I’d been and my interest in upland place-names Tomi told me that he’d lived at Glyn Uchaf since 1947 and is now aged 76 and that the hill is on his land and although it has no individual name the upper field where the summit is situated is known as Maes Glas Mawr.
 |
| Tomi Owen of Glyn Uchaf farm |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Maes Glas Mawr, and this was derived from local enquiry.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Carneddau
Name: Maes Glas Mawr
Previously Listed Name: Bryn Glyn Uchaf
OS 1:50,000 map: 115
Summit Height: 108.5m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 76876 72414
Bwlch Height: 87.05m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 76604 71933 (LIDAR)
Drop: 21.4m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Myrddyn Phillips (March 2019)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Cefn Coed (SN 695 258) - 30th significant name change
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height and its location, and the drop of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
 |
| LIDAR summit image of Cefn Coed (SN 695 258) |
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is adjoined to the Y Mynydd Du group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C1), and it is encircled by minor roads with the Afon Tywi (River Towy) and the A40 road to its north-west and the Afon Sawdde and the A4069 road to its north-east, and has the village of Llangadog towards the north north-east.
The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under a partly invented and transposed name of Long Wood Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the North.
Long Wood Top
|
131m
|
146/160
|
12
|
Trig pillar. Name from wood to the North.
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a wood and add the word Top to it. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 668 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The apportionments for this area have not yet been transcribed, however the land where the summit of this hill is situated is named on the Tithe map as Cefen [sic] Coed, and according to the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps this is also the name of the adjacent farm which is situated to the north north-east of this hill’s summit and which is now named as Bryn-Towy on contemporary maps.
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Cefn Coed, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Y Mynydd Du
Name: Cefn Coed
Previously Listed Name: Long Wood Top
OS 1:50,000 map: 146, 160
Summit Height: 130.9m (LIDAR)
Summit Grid Reference: SN 69518 25873 (LIDAR)
Bwlch Height: 88.1m (LIDAR, natural bwlch)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 70700 25824 (LIDAR, natural bwlch)
Drop: 42.8m (LIDAR)
Myrddyn Phillips (March 2019)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Llys y Gwynt (SH 779 728) - 29th significant name change
Survey post for Llys y Gwynt
Significant Height Revisions post for Llys y Gwynt
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height and its location, and the drop of the hill initially confirmed by LIDAR analysis and its summit height subsequently confirmed by a Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey, both conducted by Myrddyn Phillips with the latter taking place on the 10th October 2018.
 |
| Llys y Gwynt (SH 779 728) |
The criteria for the two lists that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height. With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height. The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015.
The hill is adjoined to the Carneddau group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and is positioned with the B5106 to its west, the B5279 to its south and the Afon Conwy (River Conwy) to its east, and has the town of Conwy to its north.
The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed name of Tan-y-bryn, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the West.
Tan-y-bryn
|
110c
|
115
|
17
|
Name from buildings to the West
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm and use it for that of the hill. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 222 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Llys y Gwynt in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Caerhun and in the county named as Caernarvonshire [sic].
 |
| Extract from the apportionments |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trehol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Llys y Gwynt, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Carneddau
Name: Llys y Gwynt
Previously Listed Name: Tan-y-bryn
OS 1:50,000 map: 115
Summit Height: 120.6m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 77982 72884
Bwlch Height: 50.7m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 76137 71943 (LIDAR)
Drop: 70.0m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Dominance: 58.00% (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Coed Duon (SN 709 254) - 28th significant name change
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, its location and drop of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
 |
| LIDAR image of Coed Duon |
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is adjoined to the Y Mynydd Du group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C1), and is positioned with the Afon Sawdde and the A4069 road to its north-east, and has the village of Llangadog towards the north.
The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Quarry Wood, which is a name consistently given to a wooded area of land to the east of this hill on Ordnance Survey maps.
Quarry Wood
|
136m
|
146/160
|
12
|
During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to. Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.
The summit of this hill has a wood on it which is not named on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps, but the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps and the Interactive Coverage Map hosted on the Geograph website both name this wood as Coed Duon, and it is this wood that gives its name to the hill.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps |
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey Interactive Coverage Map hosted on the Geograph website |
Therefore, as an appropriate name for the hill already exists on the Ordnance Survey Interactive Coverage Map hosted on the Geograph website and on the series of Six-Inch maps this hill is now listed as Coed Duon in the 100m Twmpau.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Y Mynydd Du
Name: Coed Duon
Previously Listed Name: Quarry Wood
OS 1:50,000 map: 146, 160
Summit Height: 135.1m (LIDAR)
Summit Grid Reference: SN 70929 25448 (LIDAR)
Bwlch Height: 96.2m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 70653 25266 (LIDAR)
Drop: 38.9m (LIDAR)
Myrddyn Phillips (March 2019)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Dinas Dinorwig (SN 549 652) - 27th significant name change
Survey post for Dinas Dinorwig
Summit Relocations post for Dinas Dinorwig
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height and its location, and the drop of the hill being confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
 |
| Dinas Dinorwig (SH 549 652) |
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is adjoined to the Glyderau group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is encircled by an old track to its north and minor roads to its west, south and east, with the B4366 to its north-west and the A4244 to its north-east, and has the small communities of Bethel towards the west, Rhiwlas towards the east and Llanrug towards the south-west.
The hill appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Pen Dinas, with an accompanying note stating; aka Dinas Dinorwig.
Pen Dinas
|
170m
|
114/115
|
17/263
|
aka Dinas Dinorwig
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance use what I thought was the name of the hill and which unbeknownst to me at the time, is the name of a farm. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
The summit of this hill has an ancient Iron Age Hillfort positioned on it which is known as Dinas Dinorwig, and it is this structure that gives its name to the hill, whereas although the name of Pen Dinas is evident on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps this name is that of a farm situated close to the summit and not the name of the hill itself.
 |
| The sign on the gate leading to Pendinas Farm |
Therefore, as an appropriate name for the hill already exists on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps this hill is now listed as Dinas Dinorwig in the 100m Twmpau.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Glyderau
Name: Dinas Dinorwig
Previously Listed Name: Pen Dinas
OS 1:50,000 map: 114, 115
Summit Height: 169.6m (LIDAR)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 54955 65254 (LIDAR)
Bwlch Height: 131.8m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 54648 64645 (LIDAR)
Drop: 37.8m (LIDAR)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Boncan Fawr (SH 550 666) - 26th significant name change
Survey post for Boncan Fawr
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the hill’s bwlch height and location confirmed by LIDAR analysis and its summit height confirmed by a Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey, both conducted by Myrddyn Phillips with the latter taking place on the 2nd October 2018.
 |
| The summit of Boncan Fawr (SH 550 666) with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 gathering data |
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is adjoined to the Glyderau group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and is positioned with the B4547 road to its north-east and the B4366 road to its south-east, and has the small city of Bangor towards its north north-east.
The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the invented name of Bryn Ty-mawr with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South-East.
Bryn Ty-mawr
|
154m
|
114/115
|
17/263
|
Name from buildings to the South-East
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
Prior to visiting this hill I called at Tŷ-mawr; the farm to the immediate south-east of the summit. I was met by Jane who told me that the land where the summit of this hill is situated is no longer a part of Tŷ-mawr and it is now worked by Fachell, a farm situated to the west of the hill.
After visiting the hill I called at Fachell and was met by Llinos Jones who invited me in. I’m indebted to the kindness and hospitality shown me over the years by the farming community and this visit is just one of many where this was shown, and the next half an hour with Llinos and her family proved a delight.
Llinos’ daughter; Elan phoned her father; Aled, who soon arrived and we sat and chatted about the hill and its name. Aled explained that they know it as Boncan Fawr (pronounced Boncan and not Boncyn), with Aled being the fourth generation of his family to have farmed from Fachell.
 |
| The Jones family (L-R); Elan, Llinos, Aled, Elis and Bedwyr |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Boncan Fawr, and this was derived from local enquiry.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Glyderau
Name: Boncan Fawr
Previously Listed Name: Bryn Ty-mawr
OS 1:50,000 map: 114, 115
Summit Height: 153.6m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 55099 66613
Bwlch Height: 110.0m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 55526 66115 (LIDAR)
Drop: 43.6m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Bryniau (SH 579 711) - 25th significant name change
Survey post for Bryniau
Hill Reclassifications post for Bryniau
Summit Relocations post for Bryniau
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, its location, the drop and status of the hill initially confirmed by LIDAR analysis, followed by a Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit survey, both conducted by Myrddyn Phillips with the latter taking place on 1st October 2018.
 |
| Bryniau (SH 579 711) |
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is adjoined to the Glyderau group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and is positioned with the A4087 road to its west and minor roads to its south and east, and has the small city of Bangor towards its north.
The hill originally appeared in the Hills to be surveyed sub list that accompanied the main 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Bangor Mountain, which is a name that is consistently applied on Ordnance Survey maps to land north-eastward from this hill’s summit.
Bangor Mountain
|
117m
|
114/115
|
17/263
|
Trig pillar.
|
During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to. Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 770 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is not given an individual name on the Tithe, but is confirmed as being a part of Bryniau land; Bryniau being the old farm immediately below and to the north-east of the summit, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Bangor and in the county named as Carnarvonshire [sic].
 |
| Extract from the apportionments |
After visiting the hill I took the opportunity to call at the farm of Bryniau and met James Brown; the local farmer, who was working with a colleague in one of the barns, James is aged 49 and has lived and worked the land around this farm for the last twenty years. After explaining my interest in upland place names James accompanied me back to the summit of the hill and told me that this hill is not Mynydd Bangor (Bangor Mountain), and then gave a detailed explanation to where the land is situated that this name is applicable to. James did not know an individual name for this hill or that of the bounded field that the summit is situated in, but told me that the hill is a part of Bryniau, which he believed would have taken its name from the hill.
 |
| James Brown; the local farmer |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Bryniau, and this was derived from local enquiry and the details given substantiated via the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Glyderau
Name: Bryniau
Previously Listed Name: Bangor Mountain
OS 1:50,000 map: 114, 115
Summit Height: 117.6m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 57971 71196
Bwlch Height: 87.4m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 57748 70845 (LIDAR)
Drop: 30.1m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Cae Ddu Main (SN 622 983) - 24th significant name change
Summit Relocations post for Cae Ddu Main
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, its location, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
 |
| LIDAR image of Cae Ddu Main |
The criteria for the two lists that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height. With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height. The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015.
The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Penlle’rcastell group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C1), and is positioned with the A483 road to its immediate west and the A48 and M4 to its north, and has the village of Penlle’r-gaer to its north.
The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the invented name of Valley Wood Hill, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the North-East.
Valley Wood Hill
|
102m
|
159
|
164/165/178
|
Name from wood to the North-East
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance use the name of a wood and add the word Hill to it. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is beside a raised field boundary, with land either side of this considered of equal height, and the prioritised summit position is given the number 2928 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae ddu main in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llangyfelach and in the county named as Glamorgan.
 |
| Extract from the apportionments |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trehol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Cae Ddu Main, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Mynydd Penlle’rcastell
Name: Cae Ddu Main
Previously Listed Name: Valley Wood Hill
OS 1:50,000 map: 159
Summit Height: 106.9m (LIDAR, remaining natural high point)
Summit Grid Reference: SN 62212 98337 (LIDAR, remaining natural high point)
Bwlch Height: 69.1m (LIDAR, natural bwlch)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 62051 00000 (LIDAR, natural bwlch)
Drop: 37.8m (LIDAR)
Dominance: 35.34% (LIDAR)
Myrddyn Phillips (February 2019)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Lan (SN 441 196) - 23rd significant name change
Survey post for Lan
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, its location and drop of the hill initially confirmed by LIDAR analysis and subsequently by a summit survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 which were conducted by Myrddyn Phillips, with latter taking place on the 31st July 2018.
 |
| Lan (SN 441 196) |
The criteria for the two lists that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height. With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those addition Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is 33.33% or more and below 50% of their absolute height. The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015.
 |
| LIDAR image of Lan |
The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Sylen group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C1), and is positioned with the Afon Tywi (River Towy) and the B 4300 road to its north, and has the town of Caerfyrddin (Carmarthen) to the west north-west.
The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Allt Cystanog, which is a name consistently given to the wooded northerly slopes of this hill on Ordnance Survey maps.
During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to. Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.
Allt Cystanog
|
115m
|
159
|
177
|
During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to. Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 626 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Lan in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llangunnor [sic] and in the county named as Carmarthen.
 |
| Extract from the apportionments |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales is Lan, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Mynydd Sylen
Name: Lan
Previously Listed Name: Allt Cystanog
OS 1:50,000 map: 159
Summit Height: 115.5m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SN 44107 19652
Bwlch Height: 37.0m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 44956 19487 (LIDAR)
Drop: 78.5m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Dominance: 67.97% (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Myrddyn Phillips (January 2019)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Parc Llwyn Du (SN 428 188) - 22nd significant name change
Survey post for Parc Llwyn Du
Summit Relocations post for Parc Llwyn Du
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height and its location, drop and status of the hill initially confirmed by LIDAR analysis and subsequently by a summit survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 which were conducted by Myrddyn Phillips, with latter taking place on the 31st July 2018.
 |
| Parc Llwyn Du (SN 428 188) |
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Sylen group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C1), and is positioned with the A 48 road to its south and the B 4300 road to its north, and has the town of Caerfyrddin (Carmarthen) to the north-west.
The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the invented name of Bryn Pen-sarn, with an accompanying note stating; Name from town to the North-West.
Bryn Pen-sarn
|
104m
|
159
|
177
|
Name from town to the North-West
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance use the name given to a village and precede it with the word Bryn. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 179 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Park Llwyndu in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llangunnor and in the county named as Carmarthen.
 |
| Extract from the apportionments |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Parc Llwyn Du, and this was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Mynydd Sylen
Name: Parc Llwyn Du
Previously Listed Name: Bryn Pen-sarn
OS 1:50,000 map: 159
Summit Height: 104.3m (converted to OSGM15, natural summit)
Summit Grid Reference: SN 42895 18827
Bwlch Height: 73.4m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 43247 18917 (LIDAR)
Drop: 30.8m (Trimble summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Cae Uchaf (SS 575 943) - 21st significant name change
Summit Relocations post for Cae Uchaf
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, drop and status of the hill being confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
 |
| LIDAR image of Cae Uchaf |
The criteria for the two lists that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height. With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those addition Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is 33.33% or more and below 50% of their absolute height. The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015.
The hill is adjoined to the Gŵyr group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C1), and it is positioned with the B 4296 road to its east, and has the small community of Y Crwys (Three Crosses) at its base to the west south-west.
The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the invented name of Three Crosses Hill with an accompanying note stating; Name from town to the West.
Three Crosses Hill
|
144m
|
159
|
164
|
Name from town to the West
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance use a name of a village and add the word Hill to the name. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 1424 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae ucha in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanrhidian and in the county named as Glamorgan.
 |
| Extract from the apportionments |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Cae Uchaf, and this was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Gŵyr
Name: Cae Uchaf
Previously Listed Name: Three Crosses Hill
OS 1:50,000 map: 159
Summit Height: 144.4m (LIDAR)
Summit Grid Reference: SS 57511 94397 (LIDAR)
Bwlch Height: 73.4m (LIDAR, natural bwlch remains)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SS 50983 90868 (LIDAR)
Drop: 71.0m (LIDAR)
Dominance: 49.19% (LIDAR)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Five Acres (SS 537 932) - 20th significant name change
Summit Relocations post for Five Acres
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, drop and status of the hill being confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
 |
| LIDAR image of Five Acres |
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is adjoined to the Gŵyr group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C1), and it is positioned between the B roads of the 4295 to the north-west and 4271 to the south, and has the village of Pen-clawdd towards the north.
The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the directional name of Mynydd-Bach-y-Cocs West Top with an accompanying note stating; Name from hill to the East.
Mynydd-Bach-y-Cocs West Top
|
125c
|
159
|
164
|
Name from hill to the East
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them, or as in this instance use a directional name based on what I presumed was a separate named hill to the east. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 map |
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 330 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Five Acres in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanrhidian and in the county named as Glamorgan.
 |
| Extract from the apportionments |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Five Acres, and this was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Gŵyr
Name: Five Acres
Previously Listed Name: Mynydd-Bach-y-Cocs West Top
Summit Height: 125.1m (LIDAR)
OS 1:50,000 map: 159
Summit Grid Reference: SS 53779 93281 and SS 53779 93291 and SS 53774 93296 and SS 53780 93297 (LIDAR, natural summit) (LIDAR gives a 125.2m high raised field boundary positioned at SS 53791 93318 which is considered a relatively recent man-made construct)
Drop: 40.8m (LIDAR)
Myrddyn Phillips (November 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Cae (SN 560 038) - 19th significant name change
Summit Relocations post for Cae
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
%20-%20LIDAR%20hill%201.jpg) |
| LIDAR image of Cae (SN 560 038) |
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
 |
| 100m Twmpau by Myrddy Phillips |
The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Sylen group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B5), and is positioned between the stream valleys of the Afon Morlais to its west and the Afon Gwili to its east, and has the towns of Llanelli to the south-west and Pontarddulais to the east.
The hill appeared in the original 100m height band of Welsh P30 hills published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the invented and transposed name of Bryn Tyreglwys, with an accompanying note stating; Name from farm to the South-West.
Bryn Tyreglwys | 119m | 159 | 164/178 | Name from farm to the South-West |
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
%20-%201%2025000.jpg) |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
%20-%20Tithe.jpg) |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 105 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llangennech and in the county named as Carmarthen.
%20-%20apportionments.jpg) |
| Extract from the apportionments |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Cae, and this was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Mynydd Sylen
Name: Cae
Previously Listed Name: Bryn Tyreglwys
OS 1:50,000 map: 159
Summit Height: 119.0m (LIDAR)
Summit Grid Reference: SN 56069 03819 (LIDAR)
Bwlch Height: 80.0m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 55961 04021 (LIDAR)
Drop: 39.0m (LIDAR)
Myrddyn Phillips (November 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Warren Wood (SN 600 190) - 18th significant name change
Hill Reclassifications post for Warren Wood
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, drop and status of the hill being confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
 |
| LIDAR image of Warren Wood |
The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Sylen group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C1), and it is positioned with the B 4300 road to the north, the A 476 road to the east, and has the town of Llandeilo towards the north-east.
The hill appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Warren Wood Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the North.
Warren Wood Top
|
190c
|
159
|
186
|
Name from wood to the North
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or when the name was English use the word Top or Hill after the name. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
Therefore, as an appropriate name for the hill already exists on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps this hill is now listed in the 100m Twmpau as Warren Wood.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Mynydd Sylen
Name: Warren Wood
Previously Listed Name: Warren Wood Top
Summit Height: 189.4m (LIDAR)
OS 1:50,000 map: 159
Summit Grid Reference: SN 60037 19085 (LIDAR)
Drop: 28.95m (LIDAR)
Myrddyn Phillips (November 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Caer Lleiniau Uchaf (SN 521 198) - 17th significant name change
Hill Reclassifications post for Caer Lleiniau Uhaf
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, drop and status of the hill being confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
 |
| LIDAR image of Caer Lleiniau Uchaf |
The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Sylen group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C1), and it is positioned with the B 4300 and A 40 roads, and the Afon Tywi (River Towy) to its north, and has the small community of Llanarthne towards the east north-east.
The hill appeared in the accompanying sub list to the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Allt Cae-blawd, which is a name consistently given to a wooded area to the north-west of this hill’s summit on Ordnance Survey maps. During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to. Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.
Allt Cae-blawd
|
110c
|
159
|
186
|
Two points of same height - other at SN521198
|
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 1403 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Caer Lleinau [sic] uchaf in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the county named as Carmarthen and in the parish of Llanarthney [sic].
 |
| Extract from the apportionments |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Caer Lleiniau Uchaf, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Mynydd Sylen
Name: Caer Lleiniau Uchaf
Previously Listed Name: Allt Cae-blawd
Summit Height: 113.2m (LIDAR)
OS 1:50,000 map: 159
Summit Grid Reference: SN 52155 19862 (LIDAR)
Drop: 31.2m (LIDAR)
Myrddyn Phillips (October 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
White Park (SN 158 091) - 16th significant name change
Hill Reclassifications post for White Park
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is now listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, drop and status of the hill being confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
 |
| LIDAR image of White Park |
The hill is adjoined to the Brandy Hill group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B4), and is positioned between the coast to its south and the A 47 road to its north, and has the small community of Ludchurch to its north-west.
The hill appeared in the accompanying sub list to the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Craig-y-borion, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the North-West. During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance, just use the name of a farm situated close to the summit of the hill. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historical documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
Craig-y-borion
|
137m
|
158
|
36
|
Trig pillar. Name from buildings to the North-West.
|
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 321 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as White Park in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the county named as Pembroke and in the parish of Amroth.
 |
| Extract from the apportionments |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is White Park, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Brandy Hill
Name: White Park
Previously Listed Name: Craig-y-borion
Summit Height: 138.1m (LIDAR)
OS 1:50,000 map: 158
Summit Grid Reference: SN 15867 09111 (LIDAR)
Drop: 31.0m (LIDAR)
Myrddyn Phillips (September 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Cae Nesaf Glanrafon (SH 317 387) - 15th significant name change
Hill Reclassifications post for Cae Nesaf Glanrafon
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is now listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, drop and status of the hill being confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau – All Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. With an accompanying sub category entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau consisting of all Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 20m or more and below 30m of drop.
The hill is adjoined to the Pen Llŷn range of hills which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and is positioned overlooking the B 4354 road which is to its immediate north and the A 497 road which is to its south-west and has the small community of Nefyn to its north-west.
The hill did not appear in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website as it did not meet the criteria set for the accompanying sub list which was entitled Hills to be surveyed, however when this sub list was standardised and interpolated drop values later added the hill was only listed with an estimated c 18m of drop, and it was LIDAR analysis that classified it to the 100m Sub-Twmpau category.
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
 |
| Extract from the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 171a and the adjacent field to the south the number of 171 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated and that of the southerly field is named as Cae nesa glanrhafon, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the county named as Carnarvon [sic] and in the parish of Bodean.
 |
| Extract from the apportionments |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Cae Nesaf Glanrafon, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Pen Llŷn
Name: Cae Nesaf Glanrafon
Previously Listed Name: not previously listed
Summit Height: 107.4m (LIDAR)
OS 1:50,000 map: 123
Summit Grid Reference: SH 31707 38723 (LIDAR)
Drop: 20.7m (LIDAR)
Drop: 20.7m (LIDAR)
Myrddyn Phillips (April 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Coed Pant y Glo (SH 767 014) - 14th significant name change
Survey post for Coed Pant y Glo
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the hill’s summit height and drop being confirmed by a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 which took place on the 29th October 2017 and subsequent LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
The criteria for the two lists that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau – All Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym for ‘thirty welsh metre prominences and upward’.
Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – All Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.
The hill is adjoined to the Pumlumon range, this group of hills are situated in the north-western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and the hill is positioned overlooking the A 489 road to its south and the Afon Dyfi to its north, with the town of Machynlleth towards the west.
The hill is adjoined to the Pumlumon range, this group of hills are situated in the north-western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and the hill is positioned overlooking the A 489 road to its south and the Afon Dyfi to its north, with the town of Machynlleth towards the west.
 |
| Coed Pant y Glo (SH 767 014) |
The hill appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Bryntudor, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the North-East. During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance, just use the name of a house situated close to the summit of the hill. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historical documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found, and in the case of this hill an appropriate name for it appears on contemporary as well as historical Ordnance Survey maps.
| Bryntudor | 141m | SH768014 | 135 | 23/215 | Name from buildings to the North-East |
Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historical such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the enlarged map on the Geograph website, and it is the series of Six-Inch maps that give the name of the wood where the summit of this hill is situated as Coed Pant y Glo. This name also appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey Six-Inch map |
 |
| Extract from the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by is Coed Pant y Glo and this was derived from the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps as well as the contemporary 1:25,000 Explorer map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Pumlumon
Name: Coed Pant y Glo
Previously Listed Name: Bryntudor
OS 1:50,000 map: 135
Summit Height: 140.7m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000)
Summit Height: 140.7m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 76776 01435 (Trimble GeoXH 6000)
Bwlch Height: 49.05m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 77889 01169 (LIDAR)
Drop: 91.7m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Dominance: 65.15% (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Myrddyn Phillips (January 2018)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Pandy Bank (SJ 336 538) - 13th significant name change
Survey post for Pandy Bank
Hill Reclassifications post for Pandy Bank
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is now listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height confirmed by a survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 which took place on the 5th April 2016, and the bwlch height confirmed by LIDAR analysis initially conducted by Chris Crocker and subsequently by Myrddyn Phillips.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
The hill is a part of the Bryniau Clwyd range; this group of hills are situated in the north-eastern part of north Wales. The hill is positioned above the busy A 483 road to its east and the Afon Alun (River Alyn) to its west, and is situated above the Gresford Industrial Park on the northern periphery of Wrecsam (Wrexham).
 |
| Pandy Bank (SJ 336 538) |
Prior to the survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 the hill was not classified as it had not appeared in any known listing of hills. Therefore, although there is no change in this hill’s listed name it is worth categorising under the heading of Significant Name Changes as the name this hill is now listed by comes from local enquiry.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey enlarged map on the Geograph website |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Pandy Bank, and this is the preferred locally known name for the hill and it is derived from it being positioned beside the community of Pandy. The hill is the relic of mining waste which was deposited from the old Gresford Colliery, with the second element of the name given to local hills that are the product of mine spoil.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Bryniau Clwyd
Name: Pandy Bank
OS 1:50,000 map: 117
Previously Listed Name: Not previously classified
Summit Height: 105.4m (converted to OSGM15)
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 33630 53882
Bwlch Height: 70.3m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SJ 33704 53783 (LIDAR)
Bwlch Height: 70.3m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SJ 33704 53783 (LIDAR)
Myrddyn Phillips (November 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Y Faerdre (SH 781 794) - 12th significant name change
Survey post for Y Faerdre
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from a Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit survey and LIDAR bwlch analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
 |
| Y Faerdre (SH 781 794) |
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
 |
| 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips |
Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height. With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height. The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015, and the list is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.
.jpg) |
| Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips |
The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Hiraethog group of hills, which are situated in the northern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A2), and it is positioned with the A546 road to its west and the B5115 road to its east, and has the town of Deganwy encircling it on three sides.
The hill appeared in the 100m P30 list on GeoffCrowder’s v-g.me website, under the transposed and invented name of Degannwy Castle Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from remains of castle.
| Degannwy Castle Top | 107m | SH782794 | 115 | 17 | Name from remains of castle. |
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance, use the name of the castle whose remains are situated on the summit of the hill and add the word Top to it. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with research either conducted locally or historically an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
.jpg) |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historical such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the enlarged map on the Geograph website. One of the historical maps now available is the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map which formed the basis for the first publicly available Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map, and it is the Draft Surveyors map coupled with local enquiry and detail on Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps that formed the basis for the change in this hill’s listed name.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map |
The Draft Surveyors maps consist of the preliminary drawings made by the Ordnance Survey’s surveyors between the 1780s and 1840 and formed the basis for the first publicly available One-Inch map. They were drawn at scales of six inches to the mile for areas considered of particular military significance and down to two inches to the mile for other areas. Fair copies were then produced from these preliminary drawings to one inch to the mile and then copper plates were prepared for printing. The Draft Surveyors maps for the whole of Wales are now available online and they form an important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names as they bridge the time frame between the late 18th century and the mid-19th century when the Ordnance Survey produced their first One-Inch maps.
The summit of this hill has the remains of Castell Deganwy (Degannwy Castle in English) situated on it, and local enquiry as well as research online coupled with detail on Ordnance Survey maps indicates that the hill is also known as The Vardre, this is an obvious anglicisation of a Welsh word, and it is the Draft Surveyors map that gives historical documentation of its original form; Y Faerdre, the meaning of this word is an area of land where crops were grown under the supervision of the steward. It is appropriate to use the name Y Faerdre as opposed to that of the anglicised form as the Welsh form is prioritised when list compiling.
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales is Y Faerdre and this was derived from a number of sources with the original Welsh form being used on the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map, and the anglicised form from local enquiry and the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Mynydd Hiraethog
Name: Y Faerdre
Previously Listed Name: Degannwy Castle Top
OS 1:50,000 map: 115
Summit Height: 109.0m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 78160 79432 (Trimble GeoXH 6000)
Bwlch Height: 30.4m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 79280 80334 (LIDAR)
Drop: 78.5m
Dominance: 72.08% (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Dominance: 72.08% (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Myrddyn Phillips (October 2016)
Coed Gaer (SH 799 808) - 11th significant name change
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from a Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit survey and LIDAR bwlch analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
.JPG) |
| Coed Gaer (SH 799 808) |
The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
 |
| 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips |
Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height. With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height. The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015, and the list is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.
 |
| Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips |
The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Hiraethog group of hills, which are situated in the northern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A2), and it is positioned with the B5115 road to its north, the A470 road to its west and minor roads to its south and east, and has the town of Llandudno towards the north-west.
The hill appeared in the original Welsh 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the invented and transposed name of Pen Goed Gaer, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood at summit.
| Pen Coed Gaer | 130c | SH802810 | 115/116 | 17 | Name from wood at summit. |
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a wood and add the word Pen to it. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. However, as an appropriate name for this hill already exists on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, the use of the invented and prefixed word of Pen is unnecessary.
%20-%201%2025000.jpg) |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales is Coed Gaer, and this was derived from a variety of Ordnance Survey maps including the contemporary 1:25,000 Explorer map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Mynydd Hiraethog
Name: Coed Gaer
Previously Listed Name: Pen Coed Gaer
OS 1:50,000 map: 115
Summit Height: 134.0m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 79924 80840 (Trimble GeoXH 6000)
Bwlch Height: 60.0m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 81486 81889 (LIDAR)
Drop: 74.0m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Dominance: 55.25% (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Myrddyn Phillips (September 2016)
Trwyn y Fuwch (SH 813 823) - 10th significant name change
Survey post for Trwyn y Fuwch
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from a Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit survey and LIDAR bwlch analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.
.JPG) |
| Trwyn y Fuwch (SH 813 823) |
The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
 |
| 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips |
Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height. With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height. The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015, and the list is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.
 |
| Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips |
The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Hiraethog group of hills, which are situated in the northern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A2), and it is positioned with the B5115 road to its south-west, and has the town of Llandudno towards the west.
The hill appeared in the original Welsh 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the transposed name of Creigiau Rhiwledyn, which is a prominent name that appears close to its summit on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map, with an accompanying note stating; aka Little Orme or Little Ormes Head.
| Creigiau Rhiwledyn | 141m | SH813824 | 116 | 17 | aka Little Orme or Little Ormes Head. Trig pillar. |
During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on a map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to. Therefore, I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are inappropriate, and Creigiau Rhiwledyn is such an example as this name has been consistently applied by the Ordnance Survey to the cliffs that are positioned north-eastward of the summit of this hill, and although it can be appropriate to use the main named feature of a hill for listing purposes, in this instance the hill has its own Welsh name, and this is Trwyn y Fuwch.
%20-%201%2025000.jpg) |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms. There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language and where this is substantiated by either historic documentation and/or contemporary usage should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name. Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name. It is also standard practice to use a Welsh name for a hill if another name exists that has originated in a different language.
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau and Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales is Trwyn y Fuwch, and this was derived from a variety of sources including the Dictionary of the Place-Names of Wales (Hywel Wyn Owen and Richard Morgan, Gomer Press 2007), with the prioritised language protocol being used.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Mynydd Hiraethog
Name: Trwyn y Fuwch
Previously Listed Name: Creigiau Rhiwledyn
OS 1:50,000 map: 116
Summit Height: 141.7m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000)
Summit Grid Reference: SH 81314 82382 (Trimble GeoXH 6000)
Bwlch Height: 6.3m (LIDAR)
Bwlch Grid Reference: SH 78249 82533 (LIDAR)
Drop: 135.4m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Dominance: 95.56% (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Dominance: 95.56% (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)
Myrddyn Phillips (September 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
The Pimple (SJ 299 472) - 9th significant name change
Survey post for The Pimple
Hill Reclassifications post for The Pimple
Significant Height Revisions post for The Pimple
Summit Relocations post for The Pimple
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, and the following details are in respect of a hill that was surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 on the 20th October 2015.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - All Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub category entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau taking in all Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 20m and more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is a part of the Moel y Gamelin range; this group of hills are situated in the north-eastern part of north Wales. The hill is positioned above the B 5426 and B 5605 roads and is situated on the northern outskirts of Rhosllanerchrugog.
The hill is a part of the Moel y Gamelin range; this group of hills are situated in the north-eastern part of north Wales. The hill is positioned above the B 5426 and B 5605 roads and is situated on the northern outskirts of Rhosllanerchrugog.
 |
| The Trimble GeoXH 6000 gathering data at the summit of The Pimple |
Prior to the survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 the hill was not classified as it had not appeared in any known listing of hills. Therefore, although there is no change in this hill’s listed name it is worth categorising under the heading of Significant Name Changes as the name this hill is now listed by comes from local enquiry, with the hill's height and classification being confirmed by the survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000.
 |
| Extract from the current Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger map |
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is The Pimple, and this is a locally known name for the summit of the hill and is known as such by the family who live in the house directly below the hill to the west, beside the area of the hill’s bwlch. The house used to be the office of the old mine that operated on a part of the hill, with the family of the current residents having lived here for five generations and with the name of The Pimple having been used for many years.
The full details for the hill are:
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Moel y Gamelin
Name: The Pimple
Previously Listed Name: Previously not classified
Summit Height: 153.5m (converted to OSGM15)
OS 1:50,000 map: 117
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 29984 47262
Drop: 25.2m (converted to OSGM15)
Myrddyn Phillips (September 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Bonc yr Hafod (SJ 311 469) - 8th significant name change
Survey post for Bonc yr Hafod
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, and the following details are in respect of a hill that was surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 on the 20th October 2015.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - All Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is a part of the Moel y Gamelin range; this group of hills are situated in the north-eastern part of north Wales. The hill overlooks the A 483 road and is positioned on the north-eastern outskirts of Johnstown and Rhosllanerchrugog.
The hill is a part of the Moel y Gamelin range; this group of hills are situated in the north-eastern part of north Wales. The hill overlooks the A 483 road and is positioned on the north-eastern outskirts of Johnstown and Rhosllanerchrugog.
 |
| The large stone construct at the entrance to the car park at the base of Bonc yr Hafod |
 |
| Bonc yr Hafod (SJ 311 469) |
The hill appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under an invented name of Bryn-y-hafod, with an accompanying note stating; Name from house to the South, with Hafod House being a large residence to the south of the hill.
Bryn-y-hafod
|
150c
|
117
|
256
|
Name from house to the South
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to invent a name for a hill if no name seemed to appear for it on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them and in this instance I prefixed the name of a large house with that of Bryn. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with research either conducted locally or historically an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found and in this instance the name the hill is now listed by comes from the updated details on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps.
 |
| Extract from the current Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map |
Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Bonc yr Hafod, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Moel y Gamelin
Name: Bonc yr Hafod
Previously Listed Name: Bryn-y-hafod
Summit Height: 152.7m (converted to OSGM15)
OS 1:50,000 map: 117
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 31182 46940
Drop: 43.9m (converted to OSGM15)
Myrddyn Phillips (September 2016)
Bersham Bank (SJ 311 481) - 7th significant name change
Survey post for Bersham Bank
Hill Reclassifications post for Bersham Bank
Significant Height Revisions post for Bersham Bank
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, and the following details are in respect of a hill that was surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 on the 13th October 2015.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - All Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is a part of the Moel y Gamelin range; this group of hills are situated in the north-eastern part of north Wales. The hill is positioned above the busy A 483 road and is situated on the southern outskirts of Rhostyllen, which is a south-western suburb of Wrecsam (Wrexham).
The hill is a part of the Moel y Gamelin range; this group of hills are situated in the north-eastern part of north Wales. The hill is positioned above the busy A 483 road and is situated on the southern outskirts of Rhostyllen, which is a south-western suburb of Wrecsam (Wrexham).
 |
| Bersham Bank (SJ 311 481) |
Prior to the survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 the hill was not classified as it had not appeared in any known listing of hills. Therefore, although there is no change in this hill’s listed name it is worth categorising under the heading of Significant Name Changes as the name this hill is now listed by comes from local enquiry, with the hill's height and classification being confirmed by the survey with the Trimble GeoXH 6000.
 |
| Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map indicating the position of the hill with Colliery (disused) |
Therefore the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Bersham Bank, and this is the preferred locally known name for the hill and it is derived from the Bersham Colliery whose waste spoil makes up this artificial hill, with the second element of the name given to local hills that are the product of mine spoil.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Moel y Gamelin
Name: Bersham Bank
Previously Listed Name: Previously not classified
Summit Height: 153.6m (converted to OSGM15)
OS 1:50,000 map: 117
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 31159 48116
Drop: c 51m
Myrddyn Phillips (September 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Caergwrle (SJ 306 571) - 6th significant name change
Survey post for Caergwrle
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, and the following details are in respect of a hill that was surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 on the 13th October 2015.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - All Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is a part of the Moel y Gamelin range; this group of hills are situated in the north-eastern part of north Wales. The hill is positioned above the southern outskirts of the small town of Caergwrle, whose name would have originally been taken from the hill fort / castle on top of this hill.
The hill is a part of the Moel y Gamelin range; this group of hills are situated in the north-eastern part of north Wales. The hill is positioned above the southern outskirts of the small town of Caergwrle, whose name would have originally been taken from the hill fort / castle on top of this hill.
 |
| Caergwrle (SJ 306 571) |
The hill appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under an invented name of Castle Hill, with an accompanying note stating; Name from remains of castle, with the remains of the castle being situated on the summit area of the hill.
Castle Hill
|
137m
|
117
|
256
|
Name from remains of castle
|
During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to invent a name for a hill if no name seemed to appear for it on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them and in this instance I used an invented name based on the remains of a castle. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with research either conducted locally or historically an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found and as the name of Caergwrle is directly linked to the castle on the summit of this hill it is appropriate to use this name for the hill.
Therefore the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Caergwrle, and this was derived from Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Moel y Gamelin
Name: Caergwrle
Previously Listed Name: Castle Hill
Summit Height: 137.8m (converted to OSGM15)
OS 1:50,000 map: 117
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 30670 57148
Drop: 41.9m (converted to OSGM15)
Myrddyn Phillips (September 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Cae Boncyn (SJ 238 193) - 5th significant name change
Survey post for Cae Boncyn
Summit Relocation post for Cae Boncyn
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, and the following details are in respect of a hill that was surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 on the 8th August 2015.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - All Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is a part of the Carnedd Wen range, which is an extensive group of hills situated in the southern part of north Wales. It is positioned between the small communities of Llansantffraid-ym-Mechain to the north-west, Llanymynech to the east north-east, Four Crosses to the east and Ardd-lin (Arddleen) to the south south-east.
The hill is a part of the Carnedd Wen range, which is an extensive group of hills situated in the southern part of north Wales. It is positioned between the small communities of Llansantffraid-ym-Mechain to the north-west, Llanymynech to the east north-east, Four Crosses to the east and Ardd-lin (Arddleen) to the south south-east.
 |
| The green field of Cae Boncyn (SJ 238 193) above Gelli Farm |
 |
| The Trimble GeoXH 6000 gathering data at the summit of Cae Boncyn |
The hill appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under an invented name of Bryn y Gelli, with an accompanying note stating; Name from farm to the South-West. During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them, and in this instance it was that of Gelli Farm. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with research either conducted locally or historically an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
Bryn y Gelli
|
142m
|
126
|
240
|
Name from farm to the South-West
|
When I visited this hill with Alex Cameron we asked permission to do so from Mel Jones, the owner of Gelli Farm, who was sitting outside the farm house enjoying the afternoon’s sunshine. As we descended to the awaiting car which was parked in the farm yard I took the opportunity to ask Mel about the name of the hill and he said that he had something that might be of interest to us. He then disappeared in to the farm house and re-appeared with a Field map of Gelli Farm, dated January 1924.
 |
| The Gelli Farm Field map, dated January 1924 |
 |
| The Gelli Farm Field map |
The map outlined the property adjoined to Gelli Farm and named each individual field, for someone interested in upland place-name research it was like unearthing a treasure trove, and Mel explained that his father had passed the Field map down to him. I asked about the high point of the hill above Gelli Farm and Mel knew what field it was situated in and told us that it is known as Cae Boncyn.
 |
| The Field map names each individual field |
Although I scribbled down some of the information Mel gave me it was easier to take photos of the Field map which he kindly let me do, as well as giving me permission to reproduce them on this site.
 |
| Mel Jones with the Gelli Farm Field map |
One would imagine that the details on the Tithe map would match those on Mel’s Field map of Gelli Farm; in the main they do not. There may be a number of reasons for this, but the most likely is that the field names known at the time of the Tithe map compilation were in the main not passed down to following occupants of Gelli Farm and by the time of 1924 the occupant of Gelli Farm knew many of the individual fields by different names.
The name of the field that takes in the summit of this hill on the Tithe map is Little Bank Field. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Accessing information on the Tithe map is simplified by the use of a split screen enabling the summit to be pinpointed on the map on the right and for the same point to appear on the Tithe map on the left |
The enclosed land where the field named as Little Bank Field is situated is given the number 1155 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Little Bank Field on the Tithe map and described as Arable; it appears in the county named as Montgomery and in the parish of Llansanffrraid ym Mechain.
 |
| The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Little Bank Field on the Tithe map |
It is important when studying these apportionments to compare the number given on the Tithe map with the information given in the apportionments, as in this instance there are two adjacent fields given the number 1155, the westerly placed field is named Little Bank Field and the easterly placed field is named Bank by John Foulkes.
It is also interesting comparing the information on the earlier Tithe map with that on the 1924 Gelli Farm Field map, when doing so there are two fields whose names can be considered that match; Field under house on the Tithe map and Field below house on the Gelli Farm Field map, and The Maes on the Tithe map and Maes on the Gelli Farm Field map. However, there is also an example where the same name is used but for different fields, this is; Sideland. We can deduct from this that at least some of the names used when the Tithe map was compiled are still in use today, whilst many others have been supplanted by new names, including that of Cae Boncyn.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Carnedd Wen
Name: Cae Boncyn
Previously Listed Name: Bryn y Gelli
Summit Height: 142.1m (converted to OSGM15)
OS 1:50,000 map: 126
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 23849 19306
Drop: 44m
Myrddyn Phillips (August 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Gors Leasow (SJ 228 180) - 4th significant name change
Survey post for Gors Leasow
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, and the following details are in respect of a hill that was surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 on the 8th August 2015.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - All Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is a part of the Carnedd Wen range, which is an extensive group of hills situated in the southern part of north Wales. It is positioned between the small communities of Llansantffraid-ym-Mechain to the north, Llanymynech to the north-east, Four Crosses to the east and Ardd-lin (Arddleen) to the south-east.
The hill is a part of the Carnedd Wen range, which is an extensive group of hills situated in the southern part of north Wales. It is positioned between the small communities of Llansantffraid-ym-Mechain to the north, Llanymynech to the north-east, Four Crosses to the east and Ardd-lin (Arddleen) to the south-east.
 |
| The Trimble GeoXH 6000 gathering data at the summit of Gors Leasow |
The hill appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under an invented name of Bryn Trewylan, with an accompanying note stating; Name from hall to the South. During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them, or as in this instance, use part of the name of Trewylan Hall, a large residence to the south of the summit. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with research either conducted locally or historically an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
Bryn Trewylan
|
162m
|
126
|
240
|
Name from hall to the South
|
The name this hill is now listed by is Gors Leasow, and this was derived from the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Accessing information on the Tithe map is simplified by the use of a split screen enabling the summit to be pinpointed on the map on the right and for the same point to appear on the Tithe map on the left |
The enclosed land where the summit of Gors Leasow is situated is given the number 1406 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Gos [sic] Leasow and described as Arable; it appears in the county named as Montgomery and in the parish of Llansanffrraid ym Mechain.
 |
| The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named Gos Leasow on the Tithe map |
It is important when studying these apportionments to consider the spelling of each word and in this instance the word Gos precedes that of Leasow. The latter word means Pasture or Meadowland, whilst the former has no meaning either in English or in Welsh. However, the Welsh word Cors (mutated to Gors) when translated in to English means Bog or Marsh and local pronunciation favours the ‘r’ becoming silent. Therefore Gors Leasow can be translated as Marshy Pasture or Boggy Meadowland.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Carnedd Wen
Name: Gors Leasow
Previously Listed Name: Bryn Trewylan
Summit Height: 161.6m (converted to OSGM15)
OS 1:50,000 map: 126
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 22864 18055
Drop: c 51m
Myrddyn Phillips (August 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Gravel Pit Field (SJ 233 171) - 3rd significant name change
Survey post for Gravel Pit Field
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, and the following details are in respect of a hill that was surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 on the 8th August 2015.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - All Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is a part of the Carnedd Wen range, which is an extensive group of hills situated in the southern part of north Wales. It is situated in the district known as Deuddwr and is positioned between the small communities of Llansantffraid-ym-Mechain to the north, Llanymynech to the north-east, Four Crosses to the east north-east and Ardd-lin (Arddleen) to the south-east.
The hill is a part of the Carnedd Wen range, which is an extensive group of hills situated in the southern part of north Wales. It is situated in the district known as Deuddwr and is positioned between the small communities of Llansantffraid-ym-Mechain to the north, Llanymynech to the north-east, Four Crosses to the east north-east and Ardd-lin (Arddleen) to the south-east.
 |
| The Trimble GeoXH 6000 gathering data at the summit of Gravel Pit Field |
The hill appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Ty-Top. During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them, or as in this instance, use the name of what was presumed to be a near house. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with research either conducted locally or historically an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
Ty-Top
|
154m
|
126
|
240
|
The name this hill is now listed by is Gravel Pit Field, and this was derived from the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Accessing information on the Tithe map is simplified by the use of a split screen enabling the lay of land as it is today on the map on the right to be compared against the lay of land as it was during the time of the Tithe map |
The enclosed land where the summit of Gravel Pit Field is situated is given the number 1521 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Gravel Pit Field on the Tithe map and is described as Arable; it appears in the county named as Montgomery and in the parish of Llansanffraid ym Mechain.
 |
| When cross referenced in the apportionments the enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Gravel Pit Field |
Please note; this is the second consecutive entry under the Significant Name Changes heading that has detailed a hill with the name of Gravel Pit Field, to complicate matters both hills were surveyed on the same day and both appear in the same survey post on this site. However, they are different hills.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Carnedd Wen
Name: Gravel Pit Field
Previously Listed Name: Ty-Top
Summit Height: 153.4m (converted to OSGM15)
OS 1:50,000 map: 126
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 23345 17175
Drop: 37m
Myrddyn Phillips (August 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Gravel Pit Field (SJ 225 167) - 2nd significant name change
Survey post for Gravel Pit Field
Summit Relocation post for Gravel Pit Field
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, and the following details are in respect of a hill that was surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 on the 8th August 2015.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - All Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - All Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is a part of the Carnedd Wen range, which is an extensive group of hills situated in the southern part of north Wales. It is positioned between the small communities of Llansantffraid-ym-Mechain to the north, Four Crosses to the east north-east and Ardd-lin (Arddleen) to the east south-east.
 |
| The Trimble GeoXH 6000 gathering data at the summit of Gravel Pit Field |
The hill appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under an invented name of The Mount, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South-East. During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them, or as in this instance, use the name of a near house. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with research either conducted locally or historically an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
The Mount
|
154m
|
126
|
240
|
Name from buildings to the South-East. Trig pillar.
|
The name this hill is now listed by is Gravel Pit Field, and this was derived from the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
 |
| Accessing information on the Tithe map is simplified by the use of a split screen enabling the lay of land as it is today on the map on the right to be compared against the lay of land as it was during the time of the Tithe map |
 |
| With the aid of an overlay the two sets of information can be directly compared |
The enclosed land where the summit of Gravel Pit Field is situated is given the number 288 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Gravel Pit Field on the Tithe map; it appears in the county named as Montgomery and in the parish of Meifod.
 |
| When cross referenced in the apportionments the enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Gravel Pit Field |
It is important when studying these apportionments to compare the number given on the Tithe map with the information given in the apportionments, as in this instance there are at least three other references to the number 288, by doing so it is relatively easy to ascertain which number applies to the land where the summit of the hill is situated, with this hill there are a number of clues, including the number 330 and its description as Mount House Buildings, this reference applies to the house that gave its name to this hill in the original P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website.
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Carnedd Wen
Name: Gravel Pit Field
Previously Listed Name: The Mount
Summit Height: 154.9m (converted to OSGM15)
OS 1:50,000 map: 126
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 22598 16703
Drop: c 47m
Myrddyn Phillips (August 2016)
Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 100m Twmpau
Courthouse Bank (SJ 247 183) - 1st significant name change
Survey post for Courthouse Bank
There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, and the following details are in respect of a hill that was surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 on the 20th March 2015.
The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:
100m Twmpau - All Welsh hills at and above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.
The hill is a part of the Carnedd Wen range, which is an extensive group of hills situated in the southern part of north Wales, and it is positioned between the small communities of Llanymynech to the north-east, Llansantffraid-ym-Mechain to the north-west, Ardd-lin (Arddleen) towards the south and Four Crosses to the east.
 |
| The summit of Courthouse Bank |
The hill appeared in the 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under an invented name of Court House Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from house to the South-West, with Court House being the name of a house. During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to invent a name for a hill if no name seemed to appear for it on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them, occasionally I used other names and for those that were English ones, I usually added the suffix of Top. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with research either conducted locally or historically an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.
Court House Top
|
150c
|
126
|
240
|
Name from house to the South-West
|
The name this hill is now listed by is Courthouse Bank, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website. This mapping became publicly available after the original P30 lists were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website.
 |
| Detail from the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website |
Since the publication of these P30 lists there have been a number of historical Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these include the Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, much of the place-name information on these maps were the source for what now appears on the Ordnance Survey enlarged mapping hosted on the Geograph website.
 |
| Detail from the Ordnance Survey Six-Inch map, with the name Courthouse Bank first appearing on the 1887 map on the National Library of Scotland website |
The full details for the hill are:
Group: Carnedd Wen
Name: Courthouse Bank
Previously Listed Name: Court House Top
Summit Height: 149.5m (converted to OSGM15)
OS 1:50,000 map: 126
Summit Grid Reference: SJ 24787 18328
Drop: 33.6m (converted to OSGM15)
Myrddyn Phillips (July 2016)
No comments:
Post a Comment