Saturday, 17 August 2024

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

 

200m Twmpau – Significant Name Changes

The 200m Twmpau (thirty welsh metre prominences and upward) are the Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have a minimum drop of 30m.  Accompanying the main P30 list is a sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the qualification to this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.

The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips and the posts that have appeared on Mapping Mountains detailing the significant name changes to the main P30 list and the sub list appear below presented chronologically in receding order.









Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Moel Hiraddug (SJ 063 781) - 169th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Moel Hiraddug (SJ 063 781)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Moel y Gamelin group of hills, which are situated in the north-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A2), and it is positioned with minor roads to its north-east, west and south, and the A5151 road to its north, and has the village of Dyserth towards the north-west.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main list under the transposed name of Y Foel, with an accompanying note stating; aka Mynydd Hiraddug.


Y Foel265mSJ063782116264/265aka Mynydd Hiraddug


As both names are recorded by Ordnance Survey and as the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.  The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Moel Hiraddug on the Tithe. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since the original publication of the Welsh P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, there have been a number of maps made available online.  Some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website.  Whilst others were digitally updated such as the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local that was hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites, and it is the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps in conjunction with contemporary Ordnance Survey mapping and the Tithe map that form the basis in the prioritised listed name of this hill. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps formed the base map Ordnance Survey used for many decades leading to the production of the 1:10,000 Series of maps, both have now been superseded by the digitised Master Map.  The series of Six-Inch maps are excellent for name placement and especially so compared to the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, and it is the series of Six-Inch maps that position the name of Moel Hiraddug adjacent to the summit of this hill.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Moel Hiraddug, and this was derived from the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map in conjunction with the Tithe map and the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Moel y Gamelin

Name:  Moel Hiraddug

Previously Listed Name:  Y Foel   

OS 1:50,000 map:  116

Summit Height:  264.4m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 06369 78199 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  186.0m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 06724 77888 & SJ 06727 77887 & SJ 06731 77883 & SJ 06736 77881 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  78.5m (LIDAR) 

 


Myrddyn Phillips (December 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae Fron (SN 635 716) - 168th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Cae Fron (SN 635 716)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carn yr Hyrddod group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with minor roads to its north and south, and the A485 road to its east, and has the village of Lledrod towards the south-east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list under the transposed name of Garth-fawr, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the North.


Garth-fawr240mSN635717135213Name from buildings to the North


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 258 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Fron in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish named as Llangwyryfon and in the county named as Cardigan. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Fron, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carn yr Hyrddod

Name:  Cae Fron

Previously Listed Name:  Garth-fawr   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  239.9m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 63504 71673 & SN 63506 71673 & SN 63510 71671 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  214.3m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 63774 71880 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  25.6m (LIDAR) 

 


Myrddyn Phillips (December 2025) 




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Long Cae Maes (SO 312 933) - 167th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Long Cae Maes

Summit Relocations post for Long Cae Maes

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Long Cae Maes (SO 312 933)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Stiperstones group of hills, which are situated in the north-eastern part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with minor roads to its north, west and east, with the A489 road to its south-west, and has the village of Yr Ystog (Churchstoke) towards the west.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed under the point (Pt. 247m) notation with an estimated c 25m of drop, based on the 247m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated c 222m bwlch height, based on interpolation of 5m contouring between 220m – 225m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 293 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named Long Cae Maes in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish named as Hyssington and in the county named as Montygomery and Salop. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Long Cae Maes, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Stiperstones

Name:  Long Cae Maes

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 247m   

OS 1:50,000 map:  137

Summit Height:  247.9m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 31286 93304 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  221.4m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 31081 93871 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  26.5m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cwm Celyn (SH 772 550) - 166th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Cwm Celyn (SH 772 550)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Moel Siabod group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A2), and it is positioned with the A5 road to its north and the A470 road to its south, and has the village of Betws-y-coed towards the north-east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list under the invented and transposed name of Pen Llyn Elsi, with an accompanying note stating; Name from reservoir to the East.

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a reservoir and add the word Pen to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 40 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named Cwm Celyn in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish named as Betws-y-coed and in the county named as Caernarfonshire. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cwm Celyn, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Moel Siabod

Name:  Cwm Celyn

Previously Listed Name:  Pen Llyn Elsi   

OS 1:50,000 map:  115

Summit Height:  281.6m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 77285 55012 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  245.1m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 76818 55115 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  36.5m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (October 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Garth Eryr (SH 785 556) - 165th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Garth Eryr

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Garth Eryr (SH 785 556)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Moel Siabod group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A2), and it is positioned with the A5 road to its north and the A470 road to its south, and has the village of Betws-y-coed towards the north-east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed under the point (Pt. 257m) notation with an estimated c 21m of drop, based on the 257m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated c 236m bwlch height, based on interpolation of 10m contouring between 230m – 240m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 30 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named Garth Eryr in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish named as Betws-y-coed and in the county named as Caernarfonshire. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Garth Eryr, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Moel Siabod

Name:  Garth Eryr

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 257m   

OS 1:50,000 map:  115

Summit Height:  258.1m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 78564 55666 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  232.4m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 78533 55314 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  25.7m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (September 2025) 




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Pencraig (SH 770 593) - 164th significant name change

Hill Reclassificattions post for Pencraig

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Pencraig (SH 770 593)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Llywelyn group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A1), and it is positioned encircled by minor roads with the A5 road farther to its south, and the B5106 road and the A470 road farther to its east, and has the village of Betws-y-coed towards the south-east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed under the point (Pt. 299m) notation with an estimated c 17m of drop, based on the 299m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated c 282m bwlch height, based on interpolation of 10m contouring between 280m – 290m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 41 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as a part of Pencraig in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish named as Llanrwst and in the county named as Caernarfonshire. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Pencraig, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Llywelyn

Name:  Pencraig

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 299m   

OS 1:50,000 map:  115

Summit Height:  297.8m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 77083 59365 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  277.7m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 77066 59445 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  20.1m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Coed Bryn y Garth Lwyd (SH 725 576) - 163rd significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Coed Bryn y Garth Lwyd

Significant Height Revisions post for Coed Bryn y Garth Lwyd

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Coed Bryn y Garth Lwyd (SH 725 576)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Moel Siabod group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A2), and it is positioned with the A5 road to its north and the A4086 road to its west north-west, and has the village of Capel Curig towards the north-west.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category, as with no significant contours of note on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map it was difficult to know whether any hill of note existed. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed.  The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.

Since the original publication of the Welsh P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, there have been a number of maps made available online.  Some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website.  Whilst others were digitally updated such as the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local that was hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites, and it is the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps that form the basis of the listed name of this hill. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

The Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps formed the base map Ordnance Survey used for many decades leading to the production of the 1:10,000 Series of maps, both have now been superseded by the digitised Master Map.  The series of Six-Inch maps are excellent for name placement and especially so compared to the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, and it is the series of Six-Inch maps that position the name of Coed Bryn y Garth Lwyd adjacent to the summit of this hill.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Coed Bryn y Garth Lwyd, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Moel Siabod

Name:  Coed Bryn y Garth Lwyd

Previously Listed Name:  unclassified   

OS 1:50,000 map:  115

Summit Height:  202.2m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 72557 57676 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  179.7m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 72372 57543 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  22.55m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Mynydd Pant y Carneddau (SN 661 997) - 162nd significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post fo Mynydd Pant y Carneddau

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Mynydd Pant y Carneddau (SN 661 997)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Tarren y Gesail group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned with a minor road to its south and the A493 road farther to its south-east, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list under the invented and transposed name of Pen y Dyfiryn-gwyn, with an accompanying note stating; Name from stream to the West.


Pen y Dyfiryn-gwyn246mSN66299713523Name from stream to the West


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a stream and add the word Pen y to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 360 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Sheepwalk Pant y Carneddau in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish named as Tywyn and in the county named as Merioneth. 

Extract from the apportionments

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language and where this is substantiated by either historic documentation and/or contemporary usage should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.  It is also standard practice to use a Welsh name for a hill if another name exists that has originated in a different language.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Mynydd Pant y Carneddau, and this was derived from the Tithe map, with the language protocol also being used. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Tarren y Gesail

Name:  Mynydd Pant y Carneddau

Previously Listed Name:  Pen y Dyfiryn-gwyn   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  247.8m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 66184 99721 & SN 66185 99722 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  216.6m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 66410 99840 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  31.2m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (July 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Mynydd Pant yr Onn (SH 663 000) - 161st significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Mynydd Pant yr Onn (SH 663 000)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Tarren y Gesail group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned with a minor road to its south and the A493 road farther to its south-east, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list under the transposed name of Allt Nantygwenlli, which is a prominent name that appears to the north north-west of the summit on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map.


Allt Nantygwenlli270cSH66300013523


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose a prominent name that appears on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.                   


Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 270 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Sheepwalk Pant yr Onn in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish named as Tywyn and in the county named as Merioneth. 

Extract from the apportionments

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language and where this is substantiated by either historic documentation and/or contemporary usage should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.  It is also standard practice to use a Welsh name for a hill if another name exists that has originated in a different language.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Mynydd Pant yr Onn, and this was derived from the Tithe map, with the language protocol also being used. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Tarren y Gesail

Name:  Mynydd Pant yr Onn

Previously Listed Name:  Allt Nantygwenlli   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  271.2m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 66362 00021 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  249.4m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 66270 00131 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  21.8m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (June 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Lan Ddu (SN 668 983) - 160th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Lan Ddu (SN 668 983)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Tarren y Gesail group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned with minor roads to its north and east, and the A493 road to its south-east, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the east north-east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list under the invented and transposed name of Pen y Gogarth, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood and buildings to the East.


Pen y Gogarth200cSN66898313523Two points of same height. Name from wood and buildings to the East.


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a wood and buildings and add the words Pen y to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.                   


Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 416 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Lan Ddu in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish named as Tywyn and in the county named as Merioneth. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Lan Ddu, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Tarren y Gesail

Name:  Lan Ddu

Previously Listed Name:  Pen y Gogarth   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  202.3m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 66892 98312 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  174.1m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 66539 98362 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  28.2m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (June 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Ffridd (SN 665 993) - 159th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Ffridd (SN 665 993)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Tarren y Gesail group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned with a minor road to its north and the A493 road to its south and east, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list under the invented and transposed name of Pen Pant-yr-on, with an accompanying note stating; Name from valley to the North.


Pen Pant-yr-on210mSN66699513523Name from valley to the North


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of what I presumed to be a valley and add the word Pen to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.                  

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 349 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Ffridd in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish named as Tywyn and in the county named as Merioneth. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Ffridd, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Tarren y Gesail

Name:  Ffridd

Previously Listed Name:  Pen Pant-yr-on   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  210.7m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 66546 99380 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  180.1m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 66698 99699 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  30.6m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Henllan Uchaf (SN 770 983) - 158th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Henllan Uchaf (SN 770 983)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Banc Llechwedd Mawr group of hills, which are situated in the northern part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned enclosed by minor roads, with the A489 road farther to its north and the A487 road farther to its west, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the north-west.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list under the transposed name of Pen-y-rhiw, which is a prominent name that appears adjacent to this hill on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.


Pen-y-rhiw202mSN77098313523/215


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of what I presumed referred to the hill, and in fact is a farm name, and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 205 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as a part of Henllan Fawr farm in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish named as Machynlleth and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Henllan Fawr, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Banc Llechwedd Mawr

Name:  Henllan Fawr

Previously Listed Name:  Pen-y-rhiw   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  201.4m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 77002 98312 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  160.7m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 77818 98286 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  40.7m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Pen y Bryn (SO 075 896) - 157th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Pen y Bryn

Summit Relocations post for Pen y Bryn

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Pen y Bryn (SO 075 896)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Hirddywel group of hills, which are situated in the northern part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with minor roads to its west, south and east, and the A489 road to its north-east, and has the town of Y Drenewydd (Newtown) towards the east north-east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed under the point (Pt. 239m) notation with 27m of drop, based on the 239m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and the 212m bwlch spot height that appeared on the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 246 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as a part of Pen y Bank farm in the apportionments, with this a probable typo for Pen y Bryn, which it appears as on the Tithe map, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish named as Penstrowed and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Pen y Bryn, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Hirddywel

Name:  Pen y Bryn

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 239m   

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  238.6m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 07529 89658 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  210.5m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 07074 89710 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  28.1m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae Gwar y Tŷ (SO 035 495) - 156th significant name change

Survey post for Cae Gwar y Tŷ

Significant Height Revisions post for Cae Gwar y Tŷ

Summit Relocations post for Cae Gwar y Tŷ

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Cae Gwar y Tŷ (SO 035 495)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Epynt group of hills, which are situated in the central part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with a minor road to its west and immediate east, and the B4520 road farther to its east, and has the town of Llanfair-ym-Muallt (Builth Wells) towards the north.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list under the transposed name of Cnwc-y-llo, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the North.


Cnwc-y-llo235mSO035495147188Name from buildings to the North


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 226 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Gwar y Tŷ in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish named as Builth and in the county named as Brecon. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Gwar y Tŷ, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Epynt

Name:  Cae Gwar y Tŷ

Previously Listed Name:  Cnwc-y-llo   

OS 1:50,000 map:  147

Summit Height:  232.8m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 03502 49537 & SO 03504 49535 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  198.4m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 03391 49083 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  34.4m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (February 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Foel Goch (SH 717 015) - 155th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Foel Goch (SH 717 015)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Tarren y Gesail group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned with the A493 road to its south, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was listed under the transposed name of Braich y Golwydd, which is a prominent name that appears south-west of this summit on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map.

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 943 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Foel Goch in the apportionments as well as on the Tithe map, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Pennal and in the county named as Merioneth. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Foel Goch, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Tarren y Gesail

Name:  Foel Goch

Previously Listed Name:  Braich y Golwydd

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  240.2m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 71798 01550 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  217.5m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 72278 01787 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  22.8m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (February 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Bigni (SN 199 311) - 154th significant name change

Summit Relocations post for Bigni

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Bigni (SN 199 311)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Preseli group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with minor roads to its north, south and east, and the A478 road to its west, and has the village of Crymych towards the north-west.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list under the transposed name of Bryn-eithin, with an accompanying note stating; Name from building to the South.


Bryn-eithin263mSN19931114535Name from buildings to the South


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose a name of a farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since the original publication of the Welsh P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, there have been a number of maps made available online.  Some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website.  Whilst others were digitally updated such as the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local that was hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites, and it is the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps that form the basis of the change in the listed name of this hill.

The Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps formed the base map Ordnance Survey used for many decades leading to the production of the 1:10,000 Series of maps, both have now been superseded by the digitised Master Map.  The series of Six-Inch maps are excellent for name placement and especially so compared to the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, and it is the series of Six-Inch maps that position the name of Begney adjacent to the summit of this hill.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language and where this is substantiated by either historic documentation and/or contemporary usage should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.  It is also standard practice to use a Welsh name for a hill if another name exists that has originated in a different language.  With online sources, including Coflein giving the alternate name of Bigni.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Bigni, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps, with the language protocol also being used. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Preseli

Name:  Bigni

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn-eithin   

OS 1:50,000 map:  145

Summit Height:  262.9m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 19911 31149 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  211.8m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 19869 31901 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  51.1m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (February 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae Tŷ Cefn Ysgubor (SJ 111 080) - 153rd significant name change

Summit Relocations post for Cae Tŷ Cefn Ysgubor

  

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Cae Tŷ Cefn Ysgubor (SJ 111 080)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Esgeiriau Gwynion group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned with the B4382 road to its north, the A495 road to its north-west and the A458 road to its south, and has the town of Llanfair Caereinion towards the south-west.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list under the invented and transposed name of Moel Penybryn, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South.


Moel Penybryn233mSJ112080125215/239Clem/Yeaman. Twin top. Name from buildings to the South


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 1219 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Tŷ Cefn Ysgubor in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanfair and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Tŷ Cefn Ysgubor, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Esgeiriau Gwynion

Name:  Cae Tŷ Cefn Ysgubor

Previously Listed Name:  Moel Penybryn   

OS 1:50,000 map:  125

Summit Height:  233.0m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 11158 08048 & SJ 11173 08045 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  160.2m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 09294 08676 & SJ 09295 08677 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  72.7m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (February 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Erw Hir (SJ 102 076) - 152nd significant name change

Summit Relocations post for Erw Hir

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Erw Hir (SJ 102 076)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Esgeiriau Gwynion group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned with a minor road to its north and east, the A495 road to its north-west and the A458 road to its south, and has the town of Llanfair Caereinion towards the south.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list under the invented and transposed name of Moel Neuaddlwyd, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the East.


Moel Neuaddlwyd233mSJ103076125215/239Clem/Yeaman. Twin top. Name from buildings to the East


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 1320 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Erw Hir in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanfair and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Erw Hir, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Esgeiriau Gwynion

Name:  Erw Hir

Previously Listed Name:  Moel Neuaddlwyd   

OS 1:50,000 map:  125

Summit Height:  231.3m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 10280 07620 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  197.0m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 10681 08135 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  34.3m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cross Lane Piece (SJ 097 084) - 151st significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Cross Lane Piece (SJ 097 084)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Esgeiriau Gwynion group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned with a minor road to its immediate north-east, the A495 road to its north-west and the A458 road to its south, and has the town of Llanfair Caereinion towards the south south-east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list under the invented and transposed name of Bryn Garth-lwyd, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South-East.


Bryn Garth-lwyd220cSJ097084125215/239Name from buildings to the South-East


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 1512 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cross Lane Piece the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanfair and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cross Lane Piece, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Esgeiriau Gwynion

Name:  Cross Lane Piece

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn Garth-lwyd   

OS 1:50,000 map:  125

Summit Height:  221.7m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 09744 08444 & SJ 09744 08446 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  178.6m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 09877 08060 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  43.1m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Moel Erfyl (SJ 105 144) - 150th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Moel Erfyl (SJ 105 144)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Foel Cedig group of hills, which are situated in the central part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned encircled by minor roads, with the B4393 road farther to its north, the B4382 road farther to its west and the A495 road farther to its south-east, and has the village of Meifod towards the east south-east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was listed under the transposed and invented name of The Voel Hill, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the East.


The Voel Hill252mSJ106144125239Name from buildings to the East


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of an anglicised farm and add the word Hill to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The field number on the Tithe map can be cross referenced against the apportionments, which give the name of the owner or occupier as well as the name of the land.  In this instance it is the Tithe map that names the land where the summit of this hill is situated as a common named Moel Erfyl.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Moel Erfyl, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Foel Cedig

Name:  Moel Erfyl

Previously Listed Name:  The Voel Hill

OS 1:50,000 map:  125

Summit Height:  253.3m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 10565 14445 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  216.6m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 10926 14742 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  36.7m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (December 2024)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Pentre Hill (SJ 110 151) - 149th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Pentre Hill (SJ 110 151)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Foel Cedig group of hills, which are situated in the central part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned encircled by minor roads, with the B4393 road farther to its north, the B4382 road farther to its west and the A495 road farther to its south-east, and has the village of Meifod towards the east south-east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was listed under the invented and directional name of Ffynnon Arthur South Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from hill to the North.


Ffynnon Arthur South Top260cSJ110151125239Name from hill to the North


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance use a directional name based on supplanting the contentious name of a near hill and adding a directional component to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

During a walk to the north of this hill I met John Evans, who farms from Tyncelyn, which is situated to the north-east of this hill.  When I met him he was shepherding sheep up the country lane to their field, once the sheep were penned in we talked about a number of hills which in the main were on the land he farms.  However, I also pointed toward this hill which was just to our south, it was prominent to distinguish as it has the remains of a wind turbine on it whose blades no longer exist.  John and his colleague; Aled Watkins both knew it as Pentre Hill, with the farm of Pentre positioned to its north-west.

Aled Watkins (on left), and John Evans

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Pentre Hill, and this was derived from local enquiry. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Foel Cedig

Name:  Pentre Hill

Previously Listed Name:  Ffynnon Arthur South Top   

OS 1:50,000 map:  125

Summit Height:  261.5m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 11034 15122 & SJ 11035 15123 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  234.2m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 11144 15205 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  27.3m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (December 2024)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae Cownog (SJ 111 135 & SJ 112 135) - 148th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Cae Cownog

Summit Relocations post for Cae Cownog

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Cae Cownog (SJ 111 135 and SJ 112 135)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Foel Cedig group of hills, which are situated in the central part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned encircled by minor roads, with the B4393 road farther to its north, the B4382 road farther to its south-west and the A495 road farther to its south-east, and has the village of Meifod towards the east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed under the point (Pt. 212m) notation with 21m of drop, based on the 212m summit spot height that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and the 191m bwlch spot height that appeared on the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 2107 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Cownog in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Meifod and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Cownog, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Foel Cedig

Name:  Cae Cownog

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 212m   

OS 1:50,000 map:  125

Summit Height:  212.5m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 11199 13511 & SJ 11200 13515 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  191.0m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 11120 13695 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  21.6m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (December 2024)

 



Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Coed Garth Gwynion (SN 733 986) - 147th significant name change

Summit Relocations post for Coed Garth Gwynion

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Coed Garth Gwynion (SN 733 986)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015, and the list is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Banc Llechwedd Mawr group of hills, which are situated in the northern part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with the A487 road to its north-west and a minor road to its east, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the north-east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list under the transposed name of Mynydd-Garth-Gwynion, which is a prominent name that appears near the summit of this hill on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.


Mynydd-Garth-Gwynion228mSN73398713523Clem/Yeaman


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this transpose a name that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since the original publication of the Welsh P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, there have been a number of maps made available online.  Some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website.  Whilst others were digitally updated such as the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local that was hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites, and it is the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps that form the basis of the change in the listed name of this hill.

The Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps formed the base map Ordnance Survey used for many decades leading to the production of the 1:10,000 Series of maps, both have now been superseded by the digitised Master Map.  The series of Six-Inch maps are excellent for name placement and especially so compared to the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, and it is the series of Six-Inch maps that position the name of Coed Garth Gwynion to land where the summit of this hill is situated.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Coed Garth Gwynion, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps.  With the previously listed name of Mynydd Garth Gwynion applicable to adjacent enclosed land that does not take in the summit of this hill. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Banc Llechwedd Mawr

Name:  Coed Garth Gwynion

Previously Listed Name:  Mynydd-Garyh-Gwynion   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  229.7m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 73301 98604 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  96.7m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 73700 98378 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  133.0m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  57.91% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2024)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae Pen Crugiau (SN 412 371) - 146th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Cae Pen Crugiau (SN 412 371)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Pencarreg group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned encircled by minor roads, with the B4336 road farther to its north, the A484 road and the A486 road farther to its west, and the B4459 road farther to its east, and has the town of Llandysul towards the north.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list under the invented and transposed name of Banc y Gwyddil, with an accompanying note stating; Name from stream to the South-East.


Banc y Gwyddil252mSN412372146185Trig pillar. Name from stream to the South-East.


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day, with little consideration for the meaning of the name and where it was appropriately applied to.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a stream and add the words Banc y to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map
   
As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.
           
Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 433 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Pen Crugiau the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llangeler and in the county named as Carmarthenshire. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Pen Crugiau, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Pencarreg

Name:  Cae Pen Crugiau

Previously Listed Name:  Banc y Gwyddil   

OS 1:50,000 map:  146

Summit Height:  252.7m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 41263 37178 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  216.65m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 40852 35976 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  36.1m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2024) 




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Grug (SN 441 328) - 145th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Grug

Summit Relocations post for Grug

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Grug (SN 441 328)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Pencarreg group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with a minor road to its north and south-east, and the A485 road to its east, and has the town of Llandysul towards the north north-west.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed under the point (Pt. 266m) notation with 25m of drop, based on the 266m summit spot height positioned on a road at SN 44142 32904 that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map and the 241m bwlch spot height that appeared on the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 2553 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Grug in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanfihangel-ar-arth and in the county named as Carmarthenshire. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Grug, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Pencarreg

Name:  Grug

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 266m   

OS 1:50,000 map:  146

Summit Height:  266.6m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 44127 32866 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  240.6m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 45100 33058 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  26.0m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (October 2024)

 



Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Allt Pen Bwlch (SN 295 389) - 144th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Allt Pen Bwlch (SN 295 389)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Pencarreg group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned encircled by minor roads, with the A484 road farther to its north and the B4333 road farther to its east, and has the town of Castellnewydd Emlyn (Newcastle Emlyn) towards the north-east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list under the incomplete and transposed name of Bwl-y-foel, which is a prominent name that appears adjacent to the summit on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.


Bwl-y-foel225cSN296389145185


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose an incomplete name that appeared on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 345 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Banc y Foel in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Cenarth and in the county named as Carmarthen. 

Extract from the apportionments

Since the original publication of the Welsh P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, there have been a number of maps made available online.  Some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website.  Whilst others were digitally updated such as the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local that was hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites, and it is the series of Ordnance Survey Six-Inch maps that form the basis of the change in the listed name of this hill.

The Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps formed the base map Ordnance Survey used for many decades leading to the production of the 1:10,000 Series of maps, both have now been superseded by the digitised Master Map.  The series of Six-Inch maps are excellent for name placement and especially so compared to the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, and it is the series of Six-Inch maps that position the name of Allt Pen Bwlch adjacent to the summit of this hill.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Allt Pen Bwlch and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps.  With the caveat that the complete name of Bwlch y Foel appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and the name of Banc y Foel appears on the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Pencarreg

Name:  Allt Pen Bwlch

Previously Listed Name:  Bwl-y-foel   

OS 1:50,000 map:  145

Summit Height:  225.7m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 29545 38920 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  200.4m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 29786 38865 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  25.3m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (September 2024)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae Tŷ Coch (SO 095 413) - 143rd significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Cae Tŷ Coch

Summit Relocations post for Cae Tŷ Coch

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Cae Tŷ Coch (SO 095 413)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Epynt group of hills, which are situated in the central part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with a minor road to its west and south-east, and the A470 road to its north-east, and has the small community of Erwyd (Erwood) towards the north.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed under the point (Pt. 282m) notation with an estimated c 20m of drop, based on the 282m summit spot height that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated c 262m bwlch height, based on interpolation of 10m contouring between 260m – 270m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 757 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Tŷ Coch in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Crucadarn and in the county named as Brecon. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Tŷ Coch, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Epynt

Name:  Cae Tŷ Coch

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 282m   

OS 1:50,000 map:  161

Summit Height:  282.7m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 09549 41332 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  260.65m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 09124 41273 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  22.0m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (September 2024) 




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Pt. 277.7m (SO 106 406) - 142nd significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Pt. 277.7m

Significant Height Revisions post for Pt. 277.7m

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Pt. 277.7m (SO 106 406)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Epynt group of hills, which are situated in the central part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with a minor road to its west and the A470 road to its east, and has the small community of Erwyd (Erwood) towards the north north-west.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed under the name of Cefn Gafros Common with an estimated c 18m of drop, based on the 275m summit spot height that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated c 257m bwlch height, based on interpolation of 10m contouring between 250m – 260m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance use a prominent name that appeared close to the summit of the hill on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

However, on occasion even when research is conducted an appropriate name for the hill may not be found, and on such occasions the listing protocol is to use the point (Pt. 277.7m) notation, and for this hill this is such an example with the name of the Common applicable to land that does not take in the summit of this hill.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Pt. 277.7m, and this is being used as the author has not found an appropriate name for the hill either through historic research and/or local enquiry. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Epynt

Name:  Pt. 277.7m

Previously Listed Name:  Cefn Gafros Common   

OS 1:50,000 map:  148, 161

Summit Height:  277.7m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 10666 40689 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  255.1m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 10264 40290 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  22.6m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2024)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Pen y Castell (SJ 117 095) - 141st significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Pen y Castell (SJ 117 095)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3rd December 2015, and the list is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format. 

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Esgeiriau Gwynion group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned with a minor road to its north, the B4382 road to its south-west, the B4389 road to its east and the A495 road farther to its north, and has the town of Llanfair Caereinion towards the south south-west.

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the invented and transposed name of Bryn Pentre-uchaf, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South.


Bryn Pentre-uchaf207mSJ117096125215/239Name from buildings to the South


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since the original publication of the Welsh P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of maps made available online.  Some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website.  Whilst others were digitally updated such as the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites.  One of the historic maps now available is the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map and it is this map that formed the basis for the change in the listed name of this hill. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch 'Old Series' map

The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map was the first map that Ordnance Survey produced, and their publication culminated from the whole of Britain being surveyed between 1791 and 1874 and the detail gathered therein produced at a scale of one inch to the mile and published in sheet format between 1805 and 1874.  The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ maps for the whole of Wales are now available online; they are also available in map format as enlarged and re-projected versions to match the scale and dimensions of the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger series and are published by Cassini.  This series of maps form another important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names and bridge the timeframe leading up to the production of the Ordnance Survey base map of the Six-Inch series, and importantly for this hill and its listed name, it is this map that places the name of Pen y Castell close to the summit of the hill.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Pen y Castell, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Esgeiriau Gwynion

Name:  Pen y Castell

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn Pentre-uchaf 

OS 1:50,000 map:  125

Summit Height:  206.75m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 11735 09568 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  136.2m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 11431 09469 & SJ 11424 09475 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  70.5m (LIDAR) 

Dominance:  34.11% (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2024)



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