Myrddyn Phillips - Mapping Mountains: Cae Tri Cornel

Showing posts with label Cae Tri Cornel. Show all posts

Sunday, 26 May 2024

Mapping Mountains – Significant Name Changes – 200m Twmpau

Cae Tri Cornel (SN 974 499)

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Cae Tri Cornel (SN 974 499)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Drygarn Fawr group of hills, which are situated in the central part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with the A483 road to its north, the B4519 road to its south-west and a minor road to its south-east, and has the town of Llanfair-ym-Muallt (Builth Wells) towards the east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill appeared under the transposed and invented name of Llanfechan Wood Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the East.

Llanfechan Wood Top

207m

SN973499

147

188

Name from wood to the East

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day. My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near wood and add the word Top to it. This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map. The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act. This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods. The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land. This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 266 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land. The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Tri Cornel in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanafan Fechan, and usually a county is given, but unusually in this instance it is not.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Tri Cornel, and this was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group: Drygarn Fawr

Name: Cae Tri Cornel

Previously Listed Name: Llanfechan Wood Top

OS 1:50,000 map: 147

Summit Height: 208.8m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference: SN 97418 49955 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height: 170.3m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference: SN 97059 50426 (LIDAR)

Drop: 38.4m (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2024)

Monday, 20 May 2024

Mapping Mountains – Summit Relocations – 200m Twmpau

Cae Tri Cornel (SN 974 499)

There has been a Summit Relocation to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Cae Tri Cornel (SN 974 499)

The criteria for the list that this summit relocation applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The name the hill is now listed by is Cae Tri Cornel and this was derived from the Tithe map, and it is adjoined to the Drygarn Fawr group of hills, which are situated in the central part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with the A483 road to its north, the B4519 road to its south-west and a minor road to its south-east, and has the town of Llanfair-ym-Muallt (Builth Wells) towards the east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list with a 207m summit height, based on the spot height that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and which is positioned at SN 97342 49930.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed with an estimated c 35m of drop, based on the 207m summit spot height and an estimated c 172m bwlch height, based on interpolation of 10m contouring between 170m – 180m.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed. The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.

LIDAR analysis gives the highest ground on this hill as 209.5m positioned at SN 97420 49958. However, this is a part of a raised field boundary and protocols dictate that as this is deemed a relatively recent man-made construct such ground is discounted from the height of a hill.

LIDAR summit image of Cae Tri Cornel (SN 974 499)

The height produced by LIDAR analysis to the highest remaining natural ground of this hill is 208.8m positioned at SN 97418 49955, and this position in relation to the raised field boundary comes within the parameters of the Summit Relocations used within this page heading, these parameters are:

The term Summit Relocations applies when the high point of the hill is found to be positioned; in a different field, to a different feature such as in a conifer plantation, within a different map contour, to a different point where a number of potential summit positions are within close proximity, when natural ground or the natural and intact summit of a hill is confirmed compared to a higher point such as a raised field boundary or covered reservoir that is considered a relatively recent man-made construct, or a relocation of approximately 100 metres or more in distance from either the position of a map spot height or from where the summit of the hill was previously thought to exist.

Therefore, the summit height produced by LIDAR analysis is 208.8m and this is positioned at SN 97418 49955, this position is not given a spot height on contemporary Ordnance Surveys maps and is approximately 76 metres north-eastward from where the 207m spot height appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, and is approximately 3 metres south-westward from the high point of the raised field boundary.