Mapping Mountains – Significant Name Changes – Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales

Wstrws (SN 389 502) 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Wstrws (SN 389 502)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales – Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the Sub-Trichant, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the list and the renaming of it appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 13^th May 2017, and the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of the list appearing on the 1^st January 2022. 

Y Trichant - The 300m Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Bach group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with the A486 road to its north-west and minor roads to its south and east, and has the village of Post-mawr (Synod Inn) towards the north north-east.

When the original 300m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed under the name of Allt-ddu with an estimated c 22m of drop, based on the 308m summit spot height that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, and an estimated c 286m bwlch height, based on interpolation of 5m contouring between 285m – 290m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose a prominent name that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and presume it that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Tithe map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the apportionments

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 810 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as a part of Rhwstrws Lands in the apportionments, which relates to the farm named Wstrws on contemporary maps with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llandysiliogogo and in the county named as Cardigan.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales is Wstrws and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Mynydd Bach 

Name:  Wstrws 

Previously Listed Name:  Allt-ddu 

OS 1:50,000 map:  145

Summit Height:  308.2m (LIDAR)                                                           

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 38955 50296 (LIDAR)                               

Bwlch Height:  286.3m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 38557 50449 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  21.9m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2024)

  

Mapping Mountains – Summit Relocations – Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales

Wstrws (SN 389 502) 

There has been a Summit Relocation to a hill that is listed in the Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Wstrws (SN 389 502)

The criteria for the list that this summit relocation applies to are:

Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales – Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the Sub-Trichant, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the list and the renaming of it appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 13^th May 2017, and the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of the list appearing on the 1^st January 2022. 

Y Trichant - The 300m Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The name the hill is now listed by is Wstrws and this was derived from the Tithe map, and it is adjoined to the Mynydd Bach group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with the A486 road to its north-west and minor roads to its south and east, and has the village of Post-mawr (Synod Inn) towards the north north-east.

When the original 300m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed with an estimated c 22m of drop, based on the 308m summit spot height positioned at SN 38989 50309 that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, and an estimated c 286m bwlch height, based on interpolation of 5m contouring between 285m – 290m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed.  The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.

LIDAR analysis gives the highest ground on this hill as 309.1m positioned at SN 38967 50318.  However, this is a part of a raised field boundary and protocols dictate that as this is deemed a relatively recent man-made construct such ground is discounted from the height of a hill. 

LIDAR summit image of Wstrws (SN 389 502)

The height produced by LIDAR analysis to the natural summit of this hill is 308.2m positioned at SN 38955 50296, and this position in relation to the raised field boundary comes within the parameters of the Summit Relocations used within this page heading, these parameters are:

The term Summit Relocations applies when the high point of the hill is found to be positioned; in a different field, to a different feature such as in a conifer plantation,  within a different map contour, to a different point where a number of potential summit positions are within close proximity, when natural ground or the natural and intact summit of a hill is confirmed compared to a higher point such as a raised field boundary or covered reservoir that is considered a relatively recent man-made construct, or a relocation of approximately 100 metres or more in distance from either the position of a map spot height or from where the summit of the hill was previously thought to exist.

Therefore, the summit height produced by LIDAR analysis is 308.2m and this is positioned at SN 38955 50296, this position is not given a spot height on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and is approximately 35 metres westward from where the 308m spot height appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and approximately 22 metres south-westward from the high point of the raised field boundary. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Bach 

Name:  Wstrws 

OS 1:50,000 map:  145

Summit Height:  308.2m (LIDAR)                                                           

Summit Grid Reference (New Position):  SN 38955 50296 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  286.3m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 38557 50449 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  21.9m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2024)

 

  

Mapping Mountains – Hill Reclassifications – Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales

Wstrws (SN 389 502) – Sub-Trichant addition

There has been confirmation of an addition to the list of Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Wstrws (SN 389 502)

The criteria for the list that this addition applies to are:

Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales – Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the Sub-Trichant, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the list and the renaming of it appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 13^th May 2017, and the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of the list appearing on the 1^st January 2022. 

Y Trichant - The 300m Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The name the hill is now listed by is Wstrws and this was derived from the Tithe map, and it is adjoined to the Mynydd Bach group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with the A486 road to its north-west and minor roads to its south and east, and has the village of Post-mawr (Synod Inn) towards the north north-east.

When the original 300m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed with an estimated c 22m of drop, based on the 308m summit spot height that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, and an estimated c 286m bwlch height, based on interpolation of 5m contouring between 285m – 290m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed.  The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.

Therefore, the confirmation of the addition of this hill to Sub-Trichant status is due to LIDAR analysis, resulting in a 308.2m summit height and a 286.3m bwlch height, with these values giving this hill 21.9m of drop, which is sufficient for it to be classified as a Sub-Trichant. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Mynydd Bach 

Name:  Wstrws 

OS 1:50,000 map:  145

Summit Height:  308.2m (LIDAR)                                                           

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 38955 50296 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  286.3m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 38557 50449 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  21.9m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2024)