Mapping Mountains – Significant Name Changes – 100m Twmpau

Comin Gwauncaegurwen (SN 738 129) 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Comin Gwauncaegurwen (SN 738 129) 

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Du group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B5), and it is positioned with the A4068 road to its north-east, the A4069 road to its west and a minor road to its south-east, and has the village of Brynaman towards the west north-west.

When the original 100m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as with no significant contours of note on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map it was difficult to know whether any hill of note existed. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed.  The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.

LIDAR analysis gives the highest ground on this hill that could be deemed as natural as 196.6m, and with a 174.7m bwlch height, these values give this hill 21.8m of drop, which is sufficient for it to be classified as a 100m Sub-Twmpau.

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 195 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as a part of Gwauncaegurwen Common on the Tithe map and in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llan-giwg and in the county named as Glamorgan. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language and where this is substantiated by either historic documentation and/or contemporary usage should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.  It is also standard practice to use a Welsh name for a hill if another name exists that has originated in a different language.

Therefore, the name this hill is listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Comin Gwauncaegurwen and this was derived from the Tithe map with the prioritised language protocol being used. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Du 

Name:  Comin Gwauncaegurwen 

Previously Listed Name:  unclassified 

OS 1:50,000 map:  160

Summit Height:  196.6m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 73812 12929 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  174.7m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 73776 13436 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  21.8m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2024)

 

  

Mapping Mountains – Significant Height Revisions – 100m Twmpau

 

Comin Gwauncaegurwen (SN 738 129) 

There has been a Significant Height Revision to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Comin Gwauncaegurwen (SN 738 129)

The criteria for the list that this height revision applies to are:

100m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The name the hill is listed by is Comin Gwauncaegurwen and this was derived from the Tithe map with the language protocol also instigated, and it is adjoined to the Mynydd Du group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B5), and it is positioned with the A4068 road to its north-east, the A4069 road to its west and a minor road to its south-east, and has the village of Brynaman towards the west north-west. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger map

When the original 100m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as with no significant contours of note on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map it was difficult to know whether any hill of note existed. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since the original publication of the Welsh P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of maps made available online.  Some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website.  Whilst others were digitally updated such as the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local that was hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites. 

Extract from the interactive mapping hosted on the WalkLakes website

One of the mapping resources now available online is the WalkLakes website which hosts an interactive map originated from the Ordnance Survey Open Data programme.  This map has many spot heights not on other publicly available maps and an uppermost 200m ring contour is given on the summit area of this hill.

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed.  The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales. 

LIDAR summit image of Comin Gwauncaegurwen (SN 738 129)

The height produced by LIDAR analysis to the summit of this hill is 196.6m positioned at SN 73812 12929, and this comes within the parameters of the Significant Height Revisions used within this page heading, these parameters are:

The term Significant Height Revisions applies to any listed hill whose interpolated height and Ordnance Survey, Harvey or other interactive map summit spot height or uppermost ring contour has a 2m or more discrepancy when compared to the survey result produced by the Trimble GeoXH 6000 or analysis of data produced via LIDAR.  Also included are hills whose summit map data is missing an uppermost ring contour when compared with the data produced by the Trimble or by LIDAR analysis.

Therefore, the new listed summit height of this hill is 196.6m and this was derived from LIDAR analysis, this is 3.4m lower than the uppermost 200m ring contour that appears on the interactive mapping hosted on the WalkLakes website.

 

ills of Wales, and are reproduced below@

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Du 

Name:  Comin Gwauncaegurwen 

OS 1:50,000 map:  160

Summit Height (New Height):  196.6m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 73812 12929 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  174.7m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 73776 13436 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  21.8m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (October 2024)

 

 

Mapping Mountains – Hill Reclassifications – 100m Twmpau

Comin Gwauncaegurwen (SN 738 129) – 100m Sub-Twmpau addition

There has been an addition to the list of 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Comin Gawuncaegurwen (SN 738 129)

The criteria for the list that this addition applies to are:

100m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The name the hill is listed by is Comin Gwauncaegurwen and this was derived from the Tithe map with the language protocol also instigated, and it is adjoined to the Mynydd Du group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B5), and it is positioned with the A4068 road to its north-east, the A4069 road to its west and a minor road to its south-east, and has the village of Brynaman towards the west north-west. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger map

When the original 100m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as with no significant contours of note on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map it was difficult to know whether any hill of note existed. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since the original publication of the Welsh P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of maps made available online.  Some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website.  Whilst others were digitally updated such as the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local that was hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the interactive mapping on the Magic Maps and WalkLakes websites.

One of the mapping resources now available online is the WalkLakes website which hosts an interactive map originated from the Ordnance Survey Open Data programme.  This map has many spot heights not on other publicly available maps and an uppermost 200m ring contour is given on the summit area of this hill. 

Extract from the interactive mapping hosted on the WalkLakes website

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed.  The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.

Therefore, the addition of this hill to 100m Sub-Twmpau status is due to LIDAR analysis, resulting in a 196.6m summit height and a 174.7m bwlch height, with these values giving this hill 21.8m of drop, which is sufficient for it to be classified as a 100m Sub-Twmpau. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Mynydd Du 

Name:  Comin Gwauncaegurwen 

OS 1:50,000 map:  160

Summit Height:  196.6m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 73812 12929 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  174.7m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 73776 13436 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  21.8m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (September 2024)