Mapping Mountains – Significant Name Changes – 100m Twmpau

 

Banc Uchaf (SN 526 471) 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Banc Uchaf (SN 526 471)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Bach group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with a minor road to its north and west, the A475 road to its south and the B4337 road to its north-east, and has the town of Llanbedr Pont Steffan (Lampeter) towards the east.

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 100m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the invented and transposed name of Pen y Talgrwn, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the West/East.

Pen y Talgrwn

180c

SN526472

146

199

Name from buildings to West / East.

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm and add the words Pen y to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 216 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named Banc Uchaf in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanwnnen and in the county named as Cardigan. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Banc Uchaf, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Bach

Name:  Banc Uchaf

Previously Listed Name:  Pen y Talgrwn   

OS 1:50,000 map:  146

Summit Height:  183.9m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 52615 47176 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  150.95m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 51628 47512 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  33.0m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2023)

 

 

 

 

Mapping Mountains – Summit Relocations – 100m Twmpau

Banc Uchaf (SN 526 471) 

There has been a Summit Relocation to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Banc Uchaf (SN 526 471)

The criteria for the list that this summit relocation applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The name the hill is listed by is Banc Uchaf and this was derived from the Tithe map, and it is adjoined to the Mynydd Bach group of hills, which are situated in the western part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with a minor road to its north and west, the A475 road to its south and the B4337 road to its north-east, and has the town of Llanbedr Pont Steffan (Lampeter) towards the east.

When the original Welsh 100m P30 list was published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was listed with a c 180m summit height, based on the highest and largest ring contour that is positioned at SN 526 471 and appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, with an accompanying note stating; Two points same height – other at SN 514 472. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed.  The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales.

LIDAR analysis gives the highest ground on this hill as 184.0m positioned at SN 52613 47184.  However, this is a part of a raised copse field boundary and protocols dictate that as this is deemed a relatively recent man-made construct such ground is discounted from the height of a hill. 

LIDAR summit image of Banc Uchaf (SN 526 471)

The height produced by LIDAR analysis to the natural summit of this hill is 183.9m and is positioned at SN 52615 47176, and this comes within the parameters of the Summit Relocations used within this page heading, these parameters are:

The term Summit Relocations applies to when the high point of the hill is positioned in a different field, to a different feature such as a conifer plantation, within a different map contour, a different point where a number of potential summit positions are within close proximity, when natural ground or the natural and intact summit is confirmed compared to a higher point such as a raised field boundary or covered reservoir that is considered a relatively recent man-made construct, or a relocation of approximately 100 metres or more in distance from either the position of a map spot height or from where the summit of the hill was previously thought to exist.

Therefore, the height produced by LIDAR analysis to the natural summit of this hill is 183.9m and is positioned at SN 52615 47176, this position is not given a spot height on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map, and is approximately 8 metres southward from where the high point of the raised copse field boundary is positioned.

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Mynydd Bach 

Name:  Banc Uchaf 

OS 1:50,000 map:  146

Summit Height:  183.9m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference (New Position):  SN 52615 47176 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  150.95m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 51628 47512 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  33.0m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2023)

 

 

  

Mapping Mountains – Significant Name Changes – 200m Twmpau

Banc Uchaf (SN 600 398) 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Banc Uchaf (SN 600 398)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau – Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Pencarreg group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with a minor roads to its north, west, south and east, and the B4337 road to its south-west, and has the village of Llansawel towards the south south-east.

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the invented and transposed name of Banc-y-Nant Tawe, with an accompanying note stating; Name from stream to the South-East.

Banc-y-Nant Tawe

230c

SN600398

146

186

Name from stream to the South-East

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a stream and add the words Banc-y- to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 1910 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Banc Uchaf in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Pencarreg and in the county named as Carmarthen. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Banc Uchaf and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Pencarreg

Name:  Banc Uchaf

Previously Listed Name:  Banc-y-Nant Tawe   

OS 1:50,000 map:  146

Summit Height:  232.1m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 60021 39827 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  202.3m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 59825 40045 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  29.8m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (June 2022)

 

 

  

Mapping Mountains – Significant Name Changes – 100m Twmpau

Banc Uchaf (SN 617 743) 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Banc Uchaf (SN 617 743)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Elenydd group of hills which are situated in the western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with the A485 road to its north and minor roads to its west, south and east, and has the village of Llanilar towards the north north-east. 

The hill originally appeared in the 100m P30 liston Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the invented and transposed name of Bryn Cwm Moch, with an accompanying note stating; Name from cwm to the North-West.

Bryn Cwm Moch

197m

SN617742

135

213

Name from cwm to the North-West

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near cwm and prefix it with the word Bryn.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As this hill comprises bounded land the Tithe map was consulted.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 76 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Banc Uchaf in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanilar and in the county named as Cardigan. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 100m Twmpau is Banc Uchaf and this was derived from the Tithe map.

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Elenydd 

Name:  Banc Uchaf

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn Cwm Moch 

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  197.6m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 61768 74325 (Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Bwlch Height:  148.5m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 61371 72717 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  49.1m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2021)

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

Mapping Mountains – Summit Relocations – 100m Twmpau

 

Banc Uchaf (SN 617 743) 

There has been a Summit Relocation to a hill that is listed in the 100m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Banc Uchaf (SN 617 743)

The criteria for the list that this summit relocation applies to are: 

100m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 100m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 100m and below 200m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 100m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The name the hill is now listed by is Banc Uchaf and this was derived from the Tithe map, and it is adjoined to the Elenydd group of hills which are situated in the western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with the A485 road to its north and minor roads to its west, south and east, and has the village of Llanilar towards the north north-east. 

When the original Welsh 100m P30 list was published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed with a 197m summit height based on the spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and which is positioned at SN 61731 74185. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed.  The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales. 

LIDAR summit image of Banc Uchaf

LIDAR analysis indicated a summit relocation for this hill and as the summit has subsequently been surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 it is this result that is being prioritised for listing purposes, resulting in a summit height of 197.6m positioned at SN 61768 74325 and this height and its position comes within the parameters of the Summit Relocations used within this page heading, these parameters are: 

The term Summit Relocations applies when the hill’s high point is found to be positioned; in a different field, to a different feature such as in a conifer plantation, placed within a different map contour, to a different point where a number of potential summit positions are within close proximity, or when natural ground or the natural and intact summit of a hill is confirmed compared to a higher point such as a raised field boundary that is judged to be a relatively recent man-made construct, or a relocation of approximately 100 metres or more in distance from either the position of a map spot height or from where the summit of the hill was previously thought to exist. 

The Trimble GeoXH 6000 gathering data at the summit of Banc Uchaf

Therefore, the new listed summit height for this hill is 197.6m and is positioned at SN 61768 74325, this position is not given a spot height on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map and is approximately 140 metres northward from where the summit was originally listed which was to the position of the 197m spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Elenydd 

Name:  Banc Uchaf

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  197.6m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Summit Grid Reference (New Position):  SN 61768 74325 (Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Bwlch Height:  148.5m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 61371 72717 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  49.1m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2021)