Mapping Mountains – Significant Name Changes – Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales

Pen Rhiw Einon (SO 075 380) 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Pen Rhiw Einon (SO 075 380)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales – Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the Sub-Trichant, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the list and the renaming of it appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 13^th May 2017, and the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of the list appearing on the 1^st January 2022. 

Y Trichant - The 300m Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Epynt group of hills, which are situated in the central part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned encircled by minor roads, with the B4520 road farther to its west and the A470 road farther to its east, and has the small community of Erwyd (Erwood) towards the north north-east.

The hill appeared in the original 300m height bandof Welsh P30 hills published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, under the transposed name of Penrhiw-goch, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South-East.

Penrhiw-goch

379m

SO075381

160

188

Name from buildings to the South-East

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose a name of a farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 11 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as a part of Pen Rhiw Einon farm in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llandyfalle and in the county named as Brecon. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales is Pen Rhiw Einon and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Mynydd Epynt 

Name:  Pen Rhiw Einon 

Previously Listed Name:  Penrhiw-goch 

OS 1:50,000 map:  160

Summit Height:  376.4m (LIDAR)                                                           

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 07517 38090 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  345.6m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 07458 37640 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  30.8m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2024)

 

  

Mapping Mountains – Significant Height Revisions – Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales

 

Pen Rhiw Einon (SO 075 380) 

There has been a Significant Height Revision to a hill that is listed in the Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Pen Rhiw Einon (SO 075 380)

The criteria for the list that this height revision applies to are:

Y Trichant – The 300m Hills of Wales – Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the Sub-Trichant, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 300m and below 400m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the list and the renaming of it appearing on Mapping Mountains on the 13^th May 2017, and the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of the list appearing on the 1^st January 2022. 

Y Trichant - The 300m Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The name the hill is now listed by is Pen Rhiw Einon and this was derived from the Tithe map, and it is adjoined to the Mynydd Epynt group of hills, which are situated in the central part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned encircled by minor roads, with the B4520 road farther to its west and the A470 road farther to its east, and has the small community of Erwyd (Erwood) towards the north north-east.

When the original 300m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list with a 379m summit height, based on the spot height that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed with 35m of drop, based on the 379m summit spot height and the 344m bwlch spot height, with the latter appearing on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

However, it was not until LIDAR became available that the details for this hill could be accurately re-assessed.  The LIDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) technique produced highly accurate height data that is now freely available for much of England and Wales. 

LIDAR summit image of Pen Rhiw Einon (SO 075 380)

The summit height produced by LIDAR analysis is 376.4m and is positioned at SO 07517 38090, and this comes within the parameters of the Significant Height Revisions used within this page heading, these parameters are:

The term Significant Height Revisions applies to any listed hill whose interpolated height and Ordnance Survey or Harvey map summit spot height has a 2m or more discrepancy when compared to the survey result produced by the Trimble GeoXH 6000 or analysis of data produced via LIDAR, also included are hills whose summit map data is missing an uppermost ring contour when compared to the data produced by the Trimble or by LIDAR analysis.

Therefore, the new listed summit height of this hill is 376.4m and this was derived from LIDAR analysis, this is 2.6m lower than the previously listed summit height of 379m, which was based on the spot height that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map. 

 

The full details for the hill are: 

Group:  Mynydd Epynt 

Name:  Pen Rhiw Einon 

OS 1:50,000 map:  160

Summit Height (New Height):  376.4m (LIDAR)                                                           

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 07517 38090 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  345.6m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 07458 37640 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  30.8m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (August 2024)