Saturday, 26 October 2024

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 30-99m Twmpau

 

30-99m Twmpau – Significant Name Changes

The 30-99m Twmpau (thirty welsh metre prominences and upward) are the Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height that have a minimum drop of 30m.  Accompanying the main P30 list is a sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the qualification to this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.

The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips and the posts that have appeared on Mapping Mountains detailing the significant name changes to the main P30 list and the sub list appear below presented chronologically in receding order.









Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 30-99m Twmpau

Coed Issa (SN 681 990) - 111th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Coed Issa (SN 681 990)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Tarren y Gesail group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned with the A493 road to its west and a minor road to its east, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the east north-east.

When the original 30-99m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list under the transposed name of Penmaen Bach, which is a prominent name appearing adjacent to the hill on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map.


Penmaen Bach50cSN68299113523Three points of same height


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 112 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Coed Issa in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Tywyn and in the county named as Merioneth. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau is Coed Issa, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Tarren y Gesail

Name:  Coed Issa

Previously Listed Name:  Penmaen Bach 

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  53.2m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 68145 99017 (LIDAR)               

Bwlch Height:  28.2m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 68129 99337 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  24.9m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2025)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 30-99m Twmpau

Ynys Ucha (SN 687 981) - 110th significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Ynys Ucha (SN 687 981)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Tarren y Gesail group of hills, which are situated in the south-western part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A3), and it is positioned with a minor road to its north, the A493 road to its west and the A487 road to its east, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the east north-east.

When the original 30-99m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list under the transposed name of Ynys, which is a prominent name appearing adjacent to the hill on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map.


Ynys30cSN68798113523


During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 46 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Ynys Ucha in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Tywyn and in the county named as Merioneth.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau is Ynys Ucha, and this was derived from the Tithe map.


The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Tarren y Gesail

Name:  Ynys Ucha

Previously Listed Name:  Ynys 

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  30.1m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 68719 98147 (LIDAR)               

Bwlch Height:  4.8m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 68746 98316 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  25.25m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2025)  




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 30-99m Twmpau

Cae Ynys Edwin (SN 678 963) - 109th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Cae Ynys Edwin

Significant Height Revisions post for Cae Ynys Edwin

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Cae Ynys Edwin (SN 678 963)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 30m minimum drop, this height band of hills has two accompanying sub lists, the first of which is entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, and the second sub category is entitled the Double Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 20m and below 30m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Banc Llechwedd Mawr group of hills, which are situated in the northern part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with a minor road to its immediate south-east and the A487 road farther to its south-east, and has the small community of Ffwrnais (Furnace) towards the south south-east.

When the original 30-99m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed under the point (Pt. c 23m) notation with an estimated c 15m of drop, based on an estimated c 23m summit height and an estimated c 8m bwlch height, with both heights based on interpolation of 10m contouring that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 472 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Ynys Edwin in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanfihangel Genau’r Glyn and in the county named as Cardigan. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau is Cae Ynys Edwin, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Banc Llechwedd Mawr

Name:  Cae Ynys Edwin

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. c 23m 

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  29.5m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 67832 96352 (LIDAR)               

Bwlch Height:  4.2m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 67880 96073 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  25.3m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (December)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 30-99m Twmpau

Parc (SH 755 006) - 108th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Parc

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Parc (SH 755 006)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Banc Llechwedd Mawr group of hills, which are situated in the northern part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with the A489 road to its north and a minor road to its south, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the north-west.

When the original 30-99m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed under the name of Parc Common, which is a prominent name that appears adjacent to the summit of this hill on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.  With its numerical details given as an estimated c 21m of drop, based on the 58m summit spot height that appeared on the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map and an estimated c 37m bwlch height, based on interpolation of 10m contouring between 30m – 40m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language and where this is substantiated by either historic documentation and/or contemporary usage should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.  It is also standard practice to use a Welsh name for a hill if another name exists that has originated in a different language.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau is Parc, with this name prioritised over the mixed language name favoured on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Banc Llechwedd Mawr

Name:  Parc

Previously Listed Name:  Parc Common 

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  59.15m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SH 75555 00641 (LIDAR)               

Bwlch Height:  33.8m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SH 75546 00500 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  25.4m (LIDAR) 

 

My thanks to Aled Williams for advice relating to the listed name of this hill 

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2024)




Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 30-99m Twmpau

Ffridd (SN 708 986) - 107th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Ffridd


There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Ffridd (SN 708 986)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Banc Llechwedd Mawr group of hills, which are situated in the northern part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B1), and it is positioned with the A487 road to its west and a minor road to its east, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the north-east.

When the original 30-99m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed under the point (Pt. 98m) notation with an estimated c 21m of drop, based on the 98m summit spot height that appeared on the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map and an estimated c 77m bwlch height, based on interpolation of 10m contouring between 70m – 80m. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 980 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Ffridd in the apportionments, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Machynlleth and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau is Ffridd, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Banc Llechwedd Mawr

Name:  Ffridd

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 98m 

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  97.6m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 70875 98692 (LIDAR)               

Bwlch Height:  74.5m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 71072 98917 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  23.1m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (October 2024)

 



Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 30-99m Twmpau

Box Cemetery (SN 520 009) - 106th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Box Cemetery

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 30-99m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Box Cemetery (SN 520 009)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

30-99m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height that have 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 30-99m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 30m and below 100m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

30-99m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynydd Sylen group of hills, which are situated in the southern part of South Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B5), and it is positioned with a minor road to its north-east, the A476 road to its north-west, a minor road and the A484 road to its south-west and the A4138 road to its east, and has the town of Llanelli surrounding it.

When the original 30-99m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was not included in the Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-evaluated and it was listed under the point (Pt. 48m) notation with 19m of drop, based on the 48m summit spot height that apperas on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and the 29m bwlch spot height that appeared on the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since the original publication of the Welsh P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of resources made available online, and a variety of these refer to the area taking in this hill as Box Cemetery.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 30-99m Twmpau is Box Cemetery, and this was derived from a variety of online sources. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynydd Sylen

Name:  Box Cemetery

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 48m 

OS 1:50,000 map:  159

Summit Height:  48.5m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 52024 00937 & SN 52025 00938 & SN 52028 00939 & SN 52030 00937 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  27.1m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 52103 01769 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  21.4m (LIDAR) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (October 2024) 




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