Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

200m Twmpau – Significant Name Changes

The 200m Twmpau (thirty welsh metre prominences and upward) are the Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height that have a minimum drop of 30m.  Accompanying the main P30 list is a sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the qualification to this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop.

The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips and the posts that have appeared on Mapping Mountains detailing the significant name changes to the main P30 list and the sub list appear below presented chronologically in receding order.

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Grogwynion (SN 720 725) - 70th significant name change

Survey post for Grogwynion

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Grogwynion (SN 720 725)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Elenydd group of hills, which are situated in the central part of the Mid and West Wales Region (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and is positioned with minor roads to its north-east, north and south, and has the B4343 road to its east, and the village of Pont-rhyd-y-groes towards the east. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the name of Castell Graigwynion, which was a typo for Castell Grogwynion which is a prominent name that appears near the summit of this hill on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map.

Castell Graigwynion

289m

SN721724

135/147

213

Included by contour configuration

 

This was one of a number of hills visited during the day and I approached it from the north calling at the farm of Pengrogwynion, which is positioned directly under the hill to its north-east.  The front door was opened by Wendy Croket, I introduced myself and explained my interest in upland place-names and in particular the hill above the farm.  We talked at length and she told me about the ancient fortifications and after asking permission to visit, she kindly told me the best way up.  During the conversation she told me that the name of the hill is Grogwynion with the word Castell purely signifying the ancient hill fort as being the castle of the hill of Grogwynion.  We were soon joined by Caredig, who I then later met when descending from my last hill of the day. 

Caredig and Wendy

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Grogwynion, and this was derived from local enquiry. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Elenydd

Name:  Grogwynion

Previously Listed Name:  Castell Graigwynion   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135, 147

Summit Height:  288.6m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 72068 72507 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  255.8m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 71921 72581 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  32.7m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (September 2021)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae Coch (SJ 137 066) - 69th significant name change

Survey post for Cae Coch

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Cae Coch (SJ 137 066)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is positioned with the A458 road to its north-east, a minor road to its west and the B4385 road to its south, and has the small town of Llanfair Caereinion towards the west. 

The hill appeared in the original 200m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the invented and transposed name of Pen y Hafod Seller, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South-East.

Pen y Hafod Seller

260c

SJ137066

125

215/239

Name from buildings to the South-East

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm and prefix it with the words Pen y.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 788 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Coch, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Castle Caereinion and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Coch, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Cae Coch

Previously Listed Name:  Pen y Hafod Seller   

OS 1:50,000 map:  125

Summit Height:  263.3m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 13715 06610 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  193.7m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 13757 06183 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  69.6m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (July 2021)

 

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae’r Block (SJ 115 067) - 68th significant name change

Survey post for Cae'r Block

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Cae'r Block (SJ 115 067)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is positioned with minor roads to its north-west and east and the B4385 road to its south, and has the small town of Llanfair Caereinion towards the west south-west. 

The hill appeared in the original 200m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed name of Cil-yr-ych, which is a prominent name that appears north-eastward of this hill’s summit on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.

Cil-yr-ych

233m

SJ116067

125

215/239

 

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore, I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 329 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae’r Block, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanfair and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae’r Block, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Cae’r Block

Previously Listed Name:  Cil-yr-ych   

OS 1:50,000 map:  125

Summit Height:  232.6m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 11567 06755 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  199.0m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 11283 06315 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  33.6m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (July 2021)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Llwynderw Hill (SJ 196 036) - 67th significant name change

Survey post for Llwynderw Hill

Summit Relocations post for Llwynderw Hill

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Llwynderw Hill (SH 196 036)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is positioned with minor roads to its north, west and south and the A483 road to its south-east, and has the town of Y Trallwng (Welshpool) towards the north-east. 

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the invented and transposed name of Pen y Belan, with an accompanying note stating; Name from surrounding district.

 

Pen y Belan

238m

SJ196036

136

216

Name from surrounding district

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of the district where the hill is situated and add the words Pen y to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

When I first visited this hill in June 2011 I called at Mount Farm (SJ 190 040) and met Peter Holloway.  Peter is local to the area and has farmed from Mount Farm all of his life.  I asked about the names of a number of local hills and for this hill he told me that he knows it as Llwynderw Hill. 

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Llwynderw Hill, and this was derived from local enquiry. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Llwynderw Hill

Previously Listed Name:  Pen y Belan   

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  237.9m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 19600 03662 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  159.7m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 18827 03989 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  78.3m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (June 2021)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cefn Uchaf (SJ 157 072) - 66th significant name change

Survey post for Cefn Uchaf

Hill Reclassifications post for Cefn Uchaf

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Cefn Uchaf (SJ 157 072)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is positioned with the B4392 road to its north-west and the A458 road to its south, and has the town of Y Trallwng (Welshpool) towards the east. 

The hill appeared in the original 200m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed name of Fron Hydan [sic], which is a prominent name that appears near this hill on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps.

Fron Hydan

262m

SJ157073

125

215/239

 

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore, I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 638 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cefn Uchaf, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Castle Caereinion and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cefn Uchaf, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Cefn Uchaf

Previously Listed Name:  Fron Hydan   

OS 1:50,000 map:  125

Summit Height:  261.8m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 15739 07264 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  235.1m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 15745 07416 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  26.6m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (June 2021)

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Quarry Field (SJ 155 075) - 65th significant name change

Survey post for Quarry Field

Hill Reclassifications post for Quarry Field

Significant Height Revisions post for Quarry Field

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Quarry Field (SJ 155 075)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is positioned with the B4392 road to its north-west and the A458 road to its south, and has the town of Y Trallwng (Welshpool) towards the east. 

The hill appeared in the original 200m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the invented and transposed name of Pen y Godor, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the North-East.

Pen y Godor

260c

SJ155075

125

215/239

Name from wood to the North-east

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them, or as in this instance transpose part of the name of a near wood and prefix it with the words Pen y.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 682 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Quarry Field, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Castle Caereinion and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Quarry Field, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Quarry Field

Previously Listed Name:  Pen y Godor   

OS 1:50,000 map:  125

Summit Height:  268.5m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 15530 07552 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  209.6m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 16489 07601 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  58.9m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (June 2021)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae Pen y Maen (SN 656 694) - 64th significant name change

Survey post for Cae Pen y Maen

Hill Reclassifications post for Cae Pen y Maen

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Cae Pen y Maen (SN 656 694)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Elenydd group of hills which are situated in the central part of the Mid and West Wales Region (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with the A485 road to its west, the B4575 road farther to its north, the B4340 road to its east and a minor road to its immediate north, and has the village of Lledrod towards the north-west. 

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed name of Comins Pen-y-banc, which is a prominent name positioned to the south-east of this hill’s summit on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps.  As this name implies this refers to named common land that is now indicated by its open access designation and which does not take in the summit of this hill.

Comins Pen-y-banc

297m

SN656694

135

199/213

Trig pillar at 295m to the North

 

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore, I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 143 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Pen y Maen, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Lledrod and in the county named as Cardigan. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Pen y Maen and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Elenydd

Name:  Cae Pen y Maen

Previously Listed Name:  Comins Pen-y-banc   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  296.6m (converted to OSGM15) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 65690 69496 

Bwlch Height:  268.8m (converted to OSGM15) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 66401 68910 

Drop:  27.9m 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2021)

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Banc (SN 598 714) - 63rd significant name change 

Survey post for Banc

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Banc (SN 598 714)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Elenydd group of hills which are situated in the central part of the Mid and West Wales Region (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with the B4576 road to its west and minor roads to its south-east and east, and has the village of Llangwyryfon towards the south. 

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed name of Penbryn, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the West.

Penbryn

206m

SN598714

135

213

Name from buildings to the West.

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 95 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Banc, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llangwyryfon and in county named as Cardigan. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Banc and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Elenydd

Name:  Banc

Previously Listed Name:  Penbryn   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  204.4m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 59804 71470 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  170.1m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 62289 71880 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  34.4m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2021)

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Banc y Maen Rochorlem (SN 675 691) - 62nd significant name change

Survey post for Banc y Maen Rochorlem

Hill Reclassifications post for Banc y Maen Rochorlem

Significant Height Revisions post for Banc y Maen Rochorlem

Summit Relocations post for Banc y Maen Rochorlem

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

The summit of Banc y Maen Rochorlem (SN 675 691)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Elenydd group of hills which are situated in the central part of the Mid and West Wales Region (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with the A485 road to its west, the B4340 road to its north and east, and has the village of Lledrod towards the west north-west. 

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the invented and transposed name of Allt y Pantyddafad, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the North-East [sic].

Allt y Pantyddafad

290c

SN676692

135

199/213

Name from buildings to the North-East

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a farm and add the words Allt y to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 1209 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Banc y Maen Rochorlem, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanilar and in the county named as Cardigan. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Banc y Maen Rochorlem and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Elenydd

Name:  Banc y Maen Rochorlem

Previously Listed Name:  Allt y Pantyddafad   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  299.3m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 67513 69184 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  206.2m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 69578 68344 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  93.1m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2021)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Banc (SN 674 702) - 61st significant name change

Survey post for Banc

Summit Relocations post for Banc

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Banc (SN 674 702)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Elenydd group of hills which are situated in the central part of the Mid and West Wales Region (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with the A485 road to its west, the B4340 road to its north and east, and has the village of Lledrod towards the west. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the transposed name of Brynarth, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South-West.

Brynarth

289m

SN674702

135

213

Name from buildings to the South-West

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

This was one of a number of hills visited during the day and I approached it via a narrow paved road that ends at the farm of Penlan, from here a track continued in the same direction toward the farm of Tynbwlch. 

Walking along the track toward the hill a quad bike appeared from an adjacent field and I flagged it down.  I introduced myself to Joseph Cook, who along with his father farms this land.  I explained my interest in his hill and its name.  Joseph told me that they know it as Banc, and happy with another name documented I thanked him, asked permission to visit the summit, which was duly granted with Joseph kindly directing me toward the best ascent route using connecting gates through the various fields toward the summit of the hill. 

Joseph Cook of Tynbwlch 

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Banc, and this was derived from local enquiry.

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Elenydd

Name:  Banc

Previously Listed Name:  Brynarth   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  289.4m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 67427 70214 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  234.4m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 67366 69677 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  55.05m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2021)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cefn Dinas (SO 129 964) - 60th significant name change

Survey post for Cefn Dinas

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Cefn Dinas (SO 129 964)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it has minor roads to its north, south and east and the B4389 road to its west, and has the village of Betws Cedewain towards the west north-west. 

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the invented and transposed name of Bryn y Cefn-dinas, with an accompanying note stating; Name from coppice to the North-West.

Bryn y Cefn-dinas

223m

SO130964

136

215

Name from coppice to the North-West

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near wood and add the words Bryn y to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

This was one of a number of hills visited during the hill in the company of Alex Cameron, and when descending the hill I flagged down a vehicle heading toward us on a track.  The driver was the local gamekeeper, who we had briefly talked to whilst driving up the narrow road leading to the start of the track heading up the hill.  During our conversation he confirmed that he had heard the name of Cefn Dinas used for this hill. 

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cefn Dinas, and this was derived from local enquiry. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Cefn Dinas

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn y Cefn-dinas   

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  221.3m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 12992 96463 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  176.6m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 13331 96892 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  44.7m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2021)

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Maes y Cefn (SN 797 954) - 59th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Maes y Cefn

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Maes y Cefn (SN 797 954)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Pumlumon group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it has the A489 road to its north, the A487 road to its west and the B4518 road to its east, and has the village of Aberhosan towards the north north-east. 

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the invented and transposed name of Mynydd Rhiw-gam, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the West.

Mynydd Rhiw-gam

252m

SN797955

135

215

Name from wood to the West

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near wood and add the word Mynydd to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 839 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Maes y Cefn, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Penegoes and in county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Meas y Cefn, and this was derived from the Tithe map.

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Pumlumon

Name:  Maes y Cefn

Previously Listed Name:  Mynydd Rhiw-gam   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  250.9m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 79761 95462 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  220.9m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 79484 95138 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  30.0m (LIDAR)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2021)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Ffridd (SN 808 977) - 58th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Ffridd

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Ffridd (SN 808 977)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Pumlumon group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is encircled by minor roads and tracks with the B4518 road further to the east, the A470 road further to the north-east, the A489 road further to the north-west and the A487 road further to the west, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the north-west. 

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed name of Penyglog, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the North-East.

Penyglog

230c

SN809977

135/136

215

Name from buildings to the North-East

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 576 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named Ffridd, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Penegoes and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Ffridd, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Pumlumon

Name:  Ffridd

Previously Listed Name:  Penyglog   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135, 136

Summit Height:  236.6m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 80899 97705 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  202.5m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 81383 97749 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  34.1m (LIDAR)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (March 2021)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Stingwern Wood (SJ 145 000) - 57th significant name change

Survey post for Stingwern Wood

Significant Height Revisions post for Stingwern Wood

Summit Relocations post for Stingwern Wood

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary maps produced from Ordnance Survey data and a Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Stingwern Wood (SJ 145 000)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is encircled by minor roads with the B4390 road further to its north, the B4389 road further to its west and the A483 road further to its south-east, and has the village of Aberriw (Berriew) towards the east. 

The qualifying hill appeared in the original 200m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website listed at SJ 154 997 and under the invented and transposed name of Pen Cefnblewog, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the East.

 

Pen Cefnblewog

251m

SO154997

136

215

Name from buildings to the East.

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The qualifying summit of this hill has now been confirmed and relocated from its originally listed position and as the name Stingwern Wood appears close to the relocated summit on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, and as this name is applicable to the wood where the summit of this hill is situated, this is an appropriate name to use for listing purposes for this hill. 

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Stingwern Wood, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Stingwern Wood

Previously Listed Name:  Pen Cefnblewog   

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  260.0m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 14514 00063 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  c 198m (interpolation) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 14414 00402 (interpolation) 

Drop:  c 62m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and interpolated bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (March 2021)

 

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Parkhouse Rocks (SO 499 034) - 56th significant name change

Summit Relocations post for Parkhouse Rocks

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived by Joe Nuttall who produced a summit analysis programme using LIDAR, and then by LIDAR analysis initially conducted by Jim Bloomer and subsequently by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Parkhouse Rocks (SO 499 034)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Gwent Is Coed group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is encircled by minor roads with the B4293 road further to its north-west and the A466 road further to its east, and has the small community of Llanishen towards the west and the village of Llandogo towards the east north-east. 

The qualifying hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the transposed and invented name of Ninewells Wood Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the North, and listed with a 274m summit height, based on the spot height that appears at SO 509 033 on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.  LIDAR analysis has subsequently moved its summit position and hence its name change.

Ninewells Wood Top

274m

SO509034

162

14

Name from wood to the North

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of near wood and add the word Top to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the old Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map.  One of the historic maps now available is the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map and it is this map that formed the basis for the change in this hill’s listed name. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch 'Old Series' map

The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map was the first map that Ordnance Survey produced, and their publication culminated from the whole of Britain being surveyed between 1791 and 1874 and the detail gathered therein produced at a scale of one inch to the mile and published in sheet format between 1805 and 1874.  The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ maps for the whole of Wales are now available online; they are also available in map format as enlarged and re-projected versions to match the scale and dimensions of the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger series and are published by Cassini.  This series of maps form another important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names and bridge the timeframe leading up to the production of the Ordnance Survey base map of the Six-Inch series, and importantly for this hill and its listed name, it is the One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map and the series of Six-Inch maps that names the area taking in the summit of this hill as Parkhouse Rocks. 

Extract from the Ordnance Surveys series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Parkhouse Rocks, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map and the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Gwent Is Coed

Name:  Parkhouse Rocks

Previously Listed Name:  Ninewells Wood Top   

OS 1:50,000 map:  162

Summit Height:  276.1m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 49959 03439 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  235.2m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 50941 04537 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  40.9m (LIDAR)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (March 2021)

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Mynydd Cefn Maes Mawr (SN 728 985) - 55th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Mynydd Cefn Maes Mawr

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Mynydd Cefn Maes Mawr (SN 728 985)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Pumlumon group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is positioned with the A487 road to its north-west and minor roads to its south and east, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the north-east. 

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Mynydd Cae-du, which is a prominent name that appears on contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer maps close to the summit of this hill.

Mynydd Cae-du

220c

SN728985

135

23

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 1055 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as the Sheepwalk for the farm of Cefnmaesmormawr, with the sheepwalk being the cynefin, or mountain land of this farm.  In instances like this it is appropriate to use the farm name preceded by the word Mynydd, as in Mynydd Cefn Maes Mawr.  This is also in keeping with other such examples for adjacent land, such as Mynydd Cae Du and Mynydd Garth Gwynion, both of which are the cynefin, or mountain land of the farms of Cae-du and Garth-gwynion respectively.  The details on the Tithe map appear in the parish of Machynlleth and in the county named as Montgomery.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Mynydd Cefn Maes Mawr, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Pumlumon

Name:  Mynydd Cefn Maes Mawr

Previously Listed Name:  Mynydd Cae-du   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  226.8m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 72878 98500 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  193.9m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 72854 97986 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  32.85m (LIDAR)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (February 2021)

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cow Pasture (SO 110 977) - 54th significant name change

Survey post for Cow Pasture

Significant Height Revisions post for Cow Pasture

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Cow Pasture (SO 110 977)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is positioned with the B4389 road to its south-west and minor roads to its north and east, and has the village of Tregynon towards the north-west. 

The hill appeared in the original 200m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the invented and transposed name of Bryn y Fraithwen, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South-West.

Bryn y Fraithwen

213m

SO111977

136

215

Name from buildings to the South-West

 

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number C37 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Part of Cow Pasture, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Tregynon and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cow Pasture, and this was derived from the Tithe map.

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Cow Pasture

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn y Fraithwen   

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  215.5m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 11094 97769 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  190.2m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 11043 97985 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  25.3m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (February 2021)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Henfaes Common (SO 120 974) - 53rd significant name change

Survey post for Henfaes Common

Hill Reclassifications post for Henfaes Common

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that was listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Henfaes Common (SO 120 974)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is positioned with the B4390 road to its north, the B4389 road to its south and the A483 road to its east, and has the village of Betws Cedewain towards the south. 

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category. 

When the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-assessed and it was listed under the point (Pt. 214m) notation with 20m of drop, based on the 214m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, and the 194m bwlch spot height that appeared on the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local that was hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number B 78 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Wood in Henfaes Common, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Bettws and in the county named as Montgomery. 

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Henfaes Common, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Henfaes Common

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 214m   

OS 1:50,000 map:  137

Summit Height:  215.2m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 12003 97409 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  198.8m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 12171 97587 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  16.4m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch) 

 

Myrddyn Phillips (February 2021)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae'r Beudy (SN 799 977) - 52nd significant name change

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

LIDAR image of Cae'r Beudy (SN 799 977)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Pumlumon group of hills, which are situated in the north-western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it is encircled by minor roads with the A489 road further to its north-west and the A470 road further to its north-east, and has the town of Machynlleth towards the north-west. 

The hill appeared in the original Welsh 200m P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the invented and transposed name of Mynydd y Dyffryn, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood at summit.

Mynydd y Dyffryn

217m

SN799977

135

215

Name from wood at summit.

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance prefix part of the name of a wood with the word Mynydd.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales. 

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 701 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae'r Beudy (transcripted as Caer Baydy), with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Penegoes and in the county named as Montgomery.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Caer Baydy, and this was derived from the Tithe map. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Pumlumon

Name:  Cae'r Beudy

Previously Listed Name:  Mynydd y Dyffryn   

OS 1:50,000 map:  135

Summit Height:  216.6m (LIDAR) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 79947 97748 (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Height:  185.3m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 80128 97454 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  31.4m (LIDAR)

 

My thanks to Aled Williams for advice relating to this name

Myrddyn Phillips (February 2021)

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Field Above The House (SO 135 990) - 51st significant name change

Survey Post for Field Above The House

Summit Relocations post for Field Above The House

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Field Above The House (SO 135 990)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is encircled by minor roads, with also the B4390 road to its north, the B4389 road to its west and the A483 road to its south-east, and has the village of Tregynon towards the west. 

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the transposed name of Penyffridd, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South-East.

 

Penyffridd

263m

SO136991

136

215

Name from buildings to the South-East

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near farm for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

This was one of a number of hills on a circular walk and after visiting the summit I called at Penyffridd to make place-name enquiries.  I was met by Gareth Jones and his daughter Katie.  Having explained my interest in hill and field names Gareth told me that he had lived here all his life and celebrated his 72^nd birthday the day before, and that the farm had been in his family for over 100 years.  We then discussed the merits of the name he knows the high field where the summit of this hill is situated; Field Above The House, Gareth also told me that the hill does not have an individual name.  The conversation progressed to other subjects and after ten minutes or so he asked if I wanted a drink.  Soon afterward I was sitting in his conservatory with nibbles prepared by his wife; Glenys, who also served up a large mug of very welcome tea.  I spent about an hour in the company of Gareth, chatting and laughing until the cake that was then served filled me up and I joked that if I didn’t leave soon I’d be getting back to my car when it was dark. 

Gareth Jones of Penyffridd

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Field Above The House, and this was derived from local enquiry.

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Field Above The House

Previously Listed Name:  Penyffridd   

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  264.9m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 13508 99039 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  220.0m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 13331 98643 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  44.8m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2021)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Moel y Lump (SO 120 997) - 50th significant name change

Survey Post for Moel y Lump

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height and its location derived from a Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips, and the bwlch height and its location, the drop and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary maps produced from Ordnance Survey data. 

Moel y Lump (SO 120 997)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is encircled by minor roads, with also the B4390 road to its north, the B4389 road to its west and the A483 road to its south-east, and has the village of Tregynon towards the west south-west. 

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the name of Moelywigoedd, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South-East.

Moelywigoedd

277m

SO120997

136

215

Name from buildings to the South-East

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a near farm for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

This was one of a number of hills on a circular walk and I called at Moelywigoedd to ask permission to visit.  I was met by Ian Jerman and his sister, we chatted for a number of minutes in the farmyard and soon afterward I was sitting in a vehicle as Ian drove to the top of the hill.  Ian told me he knows this hill as Moel y Lump or The Lump and it was the highest on the day’s walk and a fine viewpoint looking out toward the distant Aran and a part of the Cadair Idris range just poking above the intervening land. 

Ian Jerman on Moel y Lump

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Moel y Lump, and this was derived from local enquiry. 

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Moel y Lump

Previously Listed Name:  Moelywigoedd   

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  276.3m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 12003 99753 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  c 221m (interpolation) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 11982 00152 (interpolation) 

Drop:  c 55m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and interpolated bwlch)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2021)

 

 

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Sixteen Acres (SO 120 987) - 49th significant name change

Survey Post for Sixteen Acres

Hill Reclassifications post for Sixteen Acres

Significant Height Revisions post for Sixteen Acres

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Sixteen Acres (SO 120 987)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is positioned with the B4390 road to its north, the B4389 road to its west and the A483 road further to its south-east, and has the village of Tregynon towards the west. 

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category.  

After the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-assessed and it was listed under the point (Pt. c 216m) notation with an estimated c 20m of drop, based on an estimated c 216m summit height and the 196m bwlch spot height that appeared on the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was named the Interactive Coverage Map. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

When visiting this hill I met Paul Marsh on the lane leading toward it.  Paul rents the land where the summit of this hill is situated and told me that he had never heard an individual name for the hill, and although he knew the uppermost field as Coed y Perthi or Alan’s Land, he advised me to call at the red bricked house further up the lane as Alan Jones who owns the land would no doubt know the proper field name. 

Paul Marsh

The two names Paul gave me relate to the house between where I met Paul and Alan Jones’s house, this is marked by the same name on Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 maps; Coed y Perthi.  The second name relates to the person who owns the land; Alan’s Land. 

Thanking Paul I asked permission to visit the hill, which was duly granted, and continued up the lane and after surveying the summit, called at Alan Jones’s house.  He was out, but his son; Ryan was extremely helpful.  I explained my interest in place-names and as we were standing outside I pointed toward the top of the field that I had just visited and surveyed.  Ryan told me that the field where the summit of this hill is situated is known as Sixteen Acres. 

Ryan Jones

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Sixteen Acres, and this was derived from local enquiry.

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Sixteen Acres

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. c 216m   

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  219.2m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 12005 98756 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  199.1m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 19953 98547 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  20.1m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2021)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Square Field (SJ 070 031) - 48th significant name change

Survey Post for Square Field

Hill Reclassifications post for Square Field

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips. 

Square Field (SJ 070 031)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are: 

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward. 

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is encircled by minor roads, with also the A458 road to its north, the A470 road to its south-west and the B4389 road to its east, and has the village of Adfa towards the south south-west. 

When the original 300m height band of Welsh P30 hills was published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website, this hill was included in the main P30 list and listed with a 300m summit height, based on the spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and listed by the name of Dwyrhiw, which is a prominent name that appears to the south-east of the summit on the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map.

Dwyrhiw

300m

SJ070031

136

215

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore, I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate. 

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Five weeks after surveying the summit of this hill I re-visited with Alex Cameron.  This second visit gave opportunity to call at the landowning farm (SO 069 030) which is situated just below the end of the track which is adjacent to the summit and to its south.  I’d already been told by Ruth Davies of Llawnt Isaf (SJ 077 033) that John Watkins would be able to help and no doubt give me the field name for where the summit is situated.  John answered the door and we talked for 10-15 minutes.  He explained that his father came to the farm as a tenant in 1917 and then bought the farm from the local estate in 1921 when the estate was sold.  I drew a diagram of the farm and the access track leading from it to the paved lane, and the fields and their boundaries.  John told me that the field where the summit is situated is known as the Square Field and this was once made up of two fields, with the one nearer the paved road being known as the Clover Field.  Each is now a part of Square Field, and the field where the 300m spot height appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map is known as the Meadow. 

John Watkins

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Square Field, and this was derived from local enquiry.

 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Square Field

Previously Listed Name:  Dwyrhiw   

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  299.4m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 07034 03161 (Trimble GeoXH 6000) 

Bwlch Height:  253.6m (LIDAR) 

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 06533 03161 (LIDAR) 

Drop:  45.8m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

 

Myrddyn Phillips (January 2021)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Pastures (SJ 080 032) - 47th significant name change

Survey post for Pastures

Hill Reclassifications post for Pastures

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

Pastures (SJ 080 032)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is encircled by minor roads, with the A458 road further to the north, the B4389 road further to the east and the A470 road further to the south-west, and has the small town of Llanfair Caereinion towards the north-east.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category. 

When the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-assessed and it was listed with 28m of drop, based on the 289m summit spot height and the 261m bwlch spot height that appear on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, and it was subsequently listed under the point (Pt. 289m) notation.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Before visiting this hill I called at Llawnt Isaf (SJ 077 033), the farm directly below the hill to its west.  As there was no answer I continued toward the hill and soon met the local farmer; Ruth Davies, who was heading back to her farm in a vehicle.  I flagged her down and we talked for ten minutes or so.  Ruth told me that the farm had been in her family since her parents moved here, with both being local with her father from Aberhafesp and her mother from Manafon.  Ruth is now aged 74 and when I enquired about the upper field where the summit of this hill is situated she told me that the two upper fields are known as the Pastures and that this name was passed down to her from her father.  She also confirmed that this hill has no individual name.    

Ruth Davies of Llawnt Isaf

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Pastures, and this was derived from local enquiry.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Pastures

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 289m 

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  288.5m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 08047 03297 (Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Bwlch Height:  260.5m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 07733 03319 (LIDAR)

Drop:  27.9m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

For details on the Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey of this hill

Myrddyn Phillips (December 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae Cefn Tŷ (SN 416 535) - 46th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Cae Cefn Tŷ

 

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary and historical maps produced from Ordnance Survey data.  This was initiated by Joe Nuttall who produced a summit analysis programme, and then by evaluation conducted by Jim Bloomer and subsequently by Myrddyn Phillips.

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Hafod Ithel group of hills which are situated in the western part of Mid and West Wales (Region B, Sub-Region B2), and it has the A487 road to its north-west, the B4338 road to its south-west and minor roads to its south-east and its north-east, and has the town of Ceinewydd (New Quay) towards the north north-west.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category. 

When the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-assessed and it was listed under the point (Pt. 289m) notation with an estimated c 25m of drop, based on the 289m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated c 264m bwlch height, with the latter based on interpolation of 5m contouring between 260m – 265m.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number D246 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Cefn Tŷ, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llan-arth and in the county named as Cardigan.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Cefn Tŷ, and this was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Hafod Ithel

Name:  Cae Cefn Tŷ

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 289m

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  146

Summit Height:  290m (spot height)

Summit Grid Reference:  SN 41694 53513 (hand-held GPS via DoBIH)

Bwlch Height:  c 258.0m (interpolation)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SN 40762 52700 (interpolation)

Drop:  c 32m (spot height summit and interpolated bwlch)

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae Top (SJ 061 016) - 45th significant name change

Survey post for Cae Top

Hill Reclassifications post for Cae Top

Summit Relocations post for Cae Top

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

Cae Top (SJ 061 016)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is encircled by minor roads, with also the B4389 and B4390 roads to its east, and has the village of Adfa towards the south.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category. 

When the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-assessed and it was listed under the point (Pt. 269m) notation with 26m of drop, based on the 269m summit spot height that appeared on the Ordnance Survey Vector Map Local hosted on the Geograph website and which was entitled the Interactive Coverage Map and which is now presented on the mapping on the Magic Maps website, and the 243m bwlch spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 593 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Top, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanwyddelan and in the county named as Montgomery.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Top, and this was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Cae Top

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 269m

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  268.8m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 06132 01671 (Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Bwlch Height:  243.0m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 06613 01642 (LIDAR)

Drop:  25.9m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

For details on the Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey of this hill

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Pen y Gaer (SJ 067 014) - 44th significant name change

Survey post for Pen y Gaer

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill derived from LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

Pen y Gaer (SJ 067 014)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is encircled by minor roads and also has the A458 road to its north, the A470 road to its south-west and the B4389 and B4390 roads to its east, and has the village of Adfa towards the west south-west.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the name of Pen y Gwladfa, with an accompanying note stating; Name from ancient settlement at the summit.

Pen y Gwladfa

270c

SJ068014

136

215

Name from ancient settlement at the summit

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance use the translation of the word settlement which appears in ancient script on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and prefix it with the words Pen y.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

After surveying the summit of this hill I called at Llwyncopa which is an old farm now renovated as a private residence and met James Thomas.  James is aged 67 and has lived in Llwyncopa for ten years and is local to the area.  This hill is prominently positioned behind James’ house and without hesitation he told me it is known as Pen y Gaer.  This name was not a surprise as the hill has an ancient hill fort encircling its summit and the term Pen y Gaer is used for many such ancient Welsh settlements.  

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Pen y Gaer, and this was derived from local enquiry.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Pen y Gaer

Previously Listed Name:  Pen y Gwladfa 

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  270.0m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 06728 01430 (Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Bwlch Height:  238.4m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 05925 01449 (LIDAR)

Drop:  31.7m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

For details on the Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey of this hill

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae Clofar Bach (SJ 069 007) - 43rd significant name change

Survey post for Cae Clofar Bach

Hill Reclassificatiojs post for Cae Clofar Bach

Summit Relocations post for Cae Clofar Bach

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis and a subsequent Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

Cae Clofar Bach (SJ 069 007)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is encircled by minor roads, with farther afield the B4389 and B4390 roads to its east, and has the village of Adfa towards the west north-west.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was not included in the accompanying Hills to be surveyed sub list, as it was considered not to meet the criteria then used for this sub category. 

When the sub list was standardised, and interpolated heights and drop values also included the details for this hill were re-assessed and it was listed under the point (Pt. 247m) notation with an estimated c 23m of drop, based on the 247m summit spot height that appears on the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map and an estimated c 224m bwlch height, with the latter based on interpolation of 5m contouring between 220m – 225m.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 494 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Clover Bach, with this cymricised to Cae Clofar Bach with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Llanwyddelan and in the county named as Montgomery.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Clofar Bach, and this was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Cae Clofar Bach

Previously Listed Name:  Pt. 247m  

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  246.1m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 06945 00724 (Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Bwlch Height:  224.3m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 06767 00923 (LIDAR)

Drop:  21.8m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

For details on the Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey of this hill

Myrddyn Phillips (November 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Crasty Frain (SO 109 983) - 42nd significant name change

Survey post for Crasty Frain

Hill Reclassifications post for Crasty Frain

Summit Relocations post for Crasty Frain

Significant Height Revisions post for Crasty Frain

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill initially confirmed by Joe Nuttall who produced a summit analysis programme using LIDAR, and then by LIDAR analysis conducted initially by Jim Bloomer and subsequently by Myrddyn Phillips, with the summit later surveyed with the Trimble GeoXH 6000 and which was conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

Crasty Frain (SO 109 983)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

The 200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Carnedd Wen group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A4), and it is positioned with a minor road to its north and the B4389 road to its south-west, and has the village of Tregynon towards the west north-west.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the name of Bryn y Brain, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the South.

Bryn y Brain

253m

SO108982

136

215

Name from wood to the South

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose part of the name of a near wood and prefix it with the word Bryn.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number C110a on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Crasty Frain, with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Tregynon and in the county named as Montgomery.

Extract from the apportionment

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Crasty Frain, and this was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Carnedd Wen

Name:  Crasty Frain

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn y Brain

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  136

Summit Height:  256.3m (converted to OSGM15, Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 10995 98318 (Trimble GeoXH 6000)

Bwlch Height:  226.1m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 10787 98754 (LIDAR)

Drop:  30.2m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and LIDAR bwlch)

My thanks to Aled Williams and Huw Richards for help in relation to this name

Myrddyn Phillips (October 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Church Hill Common (SO 517 105) - 41st significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Church Hill Common

Summit Relocations post for Church Hill Common

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Church Hill Common (SO 517 105)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

The hill is adjoined to the Gwent Is Coed group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the B4293 road and the A40 road to the west and the A466 road and the Afon Gwy (River Wye) to the east, and has the town of Trefynwy (Mounmouth) towards the north-west.

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the name of Troypark Wood Top, with an accompanying note stating; Name from wood to the West.

Troypark Wood Top

232m

SO518106

162

14

Name from wood to the West

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of a wood and add the word Top to it.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

As the name Church Hill Common appears close to this hill’s summit on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map, the land boundary of this common was examined on the Tithe map, and at the time of the Tithe the summit of this hill was situated on land associated with this common.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Church Hill Common, and this name was derived from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map with the Tithe map confirming the summit position at the time of the Tithe to be situated on land associated with this common.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Gwent Is Coed

Name:  Church Hill Common

Previously Listed Name:  Troypark Wood Top 

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  162

Summit Height:  232.7m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 51785 10565 & SO 51788 10566 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  202.3m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 51524 10349 (LIDAR)

Drop:  30.3m (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (June)






Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cae Seri (ST 448 978) - 40th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height and its location confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips and the bwlch height, its location, the drop and status of the hill confirmed by detail on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps.

LIDAR image of Cae Seri (ST 448 978)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

The hill is adjoined to the Gwent Is Coed group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the B4235 road to its west and south, and the B4293 road to its east, and has the town of Cas-gwent (Chepstow) towards the south-east.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

When the original 200m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the name of Mynydd-bach, with an accompanying note stating; Name from buildings to the South-West.

Mynydd-bach

261m

ST449979

171

14

Name from buildings to the South-West

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance transpose the name of what is probably a farm and use it for that of the hill.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

As the summit of this hill comprises bounded land the details for it were examined on the Tithe map.  The term Tithe map is generally given to a map of a Welsh or English parish or township and which was prepared after the 1836 Tithe Commutation Act.  This act allowed tithes to be paid in cash rather than goods.  The Tithe maps gave names of owners and occupiers of land in each parish and importantly for place-name research they also included the name of enclosed land.  This enclosed land is usually based on a field system, however not every field is given a name, but many are and especially so in Wales.

Extract from the Tithe map

The enclosed land where the summit of this hill is situated is given the number 253 on the Tithe map, this can be cross referenced against the apportionments; it is these apportionments that give the name of the owner or occupier of the land as well as the name of the land.  The land where the summit of this hill is situated is named as Cae Seri in the apportionments (written as Cae Serry and incorrectly transposed in the online Tithe details as Cae Jerry), with the details on the Tithe map appearing in the parish of Wolvesnewton and in the county named as Monmouth.

Extract from the apportionments

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Cae Seri, and this name was derived from the Tithe map.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Gwent Is Coed

Name:  Cae Seri

Previously Listed Name:  Mynydd-bach 

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  171

Summit Height:  261.1m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 44881 97883 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  c 228m (interpolation)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 47587 98456 (interpolation)

Drop:  c 33m (LIDAR summit and interpolated bwlch)

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Mynydd Llwyd (ST 433 935) - 39th significant name change

Significant Height Revisions post for Mynydd Llwyd

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height, their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary and historic Ordnance Survey maps.

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau, with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Gwent Is Coed group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the A449 road to its west, the A48 road to its south and the B4235 road to its north-east, and has the city of Casnewydd (Newport) towards the west south-west.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The hill appeared in the original 200m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Gray Hill, which is a name that appeared near the summit of this hill on Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer maps of the day.

Gray Hill

273m

ST434935

171/172

14

275m on 1986 1:50000 map

Since publication of these P30 lists on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website there have been a number of Ordnance Survey maps made available online, some of these are historic such as the series of Six-Inch maps on the National Library of Scotland website, whilst others are current and digitally updated such as the Vector Map Local that used to be hosted on the Geograph website and which is named the Interactive Coverage Map.  Two of the historic maps now available are the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map which formed the basis for the first publicly available Ordnance Survey One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map, and it is these maps that form the basis for the change in this hill’s listed name.

The Draft Surveyors maps consist of the preliminary drawings made by the Ordnance Surveyor’s surveyors between the 1780s and 1840 and formed the basis for the first publicly available One-Inch map.  They were drawn at scales of six inches to the mile for areas considered of particular military significance and down to two inches to the mile for other areas.  Fair copies were then produced from these preliminary drawings to one inch to the mile and then copper plates were prepared for printing.  The Draft Surveyors maps for the whole of Wales are now available online and they form an important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names as they bridge the time frame between the late 18^th century and the mid-19^th century when the Ordnance Survey produced their first One-Inch maps, and importantly for this hill and its listed name, this map gives the Welsh version, along with its English counterpart.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map

The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map was the first map that Ordnance Survey produced, and their publication culminated from the whole of Britain being surveyed between 1791 and 1874 and the detail gathered therein produced at a scale of one inch to the mile and published in sheet format between 1805 and 1874.  The One-Inch ‘Old Series’ maps for the whole of Wales are now available online; they are also available in map format as enlarged and re-projected versions to match the scale and dimensions of the Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger series and are published by Cassini.  This series of maps form another important part in the study of Welsh upland place-names and bridge the timeframe leading up to the production of the Ordnance Survey base map of the Six-Inch series, and again, this map gives the Welsh version of this name; Mynydd Llwyd, along with its English counterpart.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey One-Inch 'Old Series' map

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name, and ideally for this to be substantiated by either historic documentation and / or contemporary usage.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.  It is also standard practice to use a Welsh name for a hill if another name exists that has originated in a different language.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Mynydd Llwyd, and this was derived from the Ordnance Survey Draft Surveyors map and the One-Inch ‘Old Series’ map, with the Welsh name for this hill prioritised over its English counterpart, which for listing purposes is standard practice.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Gwent Is Coed

Name:  Mynydd Llwyd

Previously Listed Name:  Gray Hill

OS 1:50,000 map:  171, 172

Summit Height:  275m (spot height)

Summit Grid Reference:  ST 43399 93559 (hand-held GPS via DoBIH)

Bwlch Height:  c 183m (interpolation)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  ST 42894 93984 (interpolation)

Drop:  c 92m (spot height summit and interpolated bwlch)

Dominance:  33.45% (spot height summit and interpolated bwlch)

Myrddyn Phillips (May 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Hafod Mountain (SJ 211 630) - 38th significant name change

Survey post for Hafod Mountain

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau, with the summit height and its location confirmed by a Trimble GeoXH 6000 survey conducted by Myrddyn Phillips on the 18^th December 2019 and the bwlch height and its location, the drop and status of the hill derived from detail on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps.

The summit of Hafod Mountain (SJ 211 630)

The criteria for the list that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

The hill is adjoined to the Moel y Gamelin group of hills, which are situated in the north-eastern part of North Wales (Region A, Sub-Region A2), and it is positioned with the A494 road to its south and minor roads to its west, north and east, and has the village of Gwernymynydd towards the south.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

The hill appeared in the original 200m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the partly invented and transposed name of Bryn Gwernymynydd, with an accompanying note stating; Name from village to the South.

Bryn Gwernymynydd

285m

SJ212631

117

265

Name from village to the South

During my early hill listing I thought it appropriate to either invent a name for a hill, or use a name that appeared near to the summit of the hill on Ordnance Survey maps of the day.  My preference was to use farm names and put Pen, Bryn or Moel in front of them or as in this instance use the name of a village and precede it with the word Bryn.  This is not a practice that I now advocate as with time and inclination place-name data can be improved either by asking local people or by examining historic documents, through this form of research an appropriate name for the hill can usually be found.

After surveying the summit of this hill I called at a number of houses on my way back to my car and was directed toward Hafod Issa Parc Arthur farm and Jo Owen.  It is Jo who grazes sheep on the land where the summit of this hill is situated.

Jo Owen of Hafod Issa Parc Arthur farm

I was soon standing in the farm yard talking with Jo and having explained my interest in the hill and its name, she told me that her Grandmother moved to the area in 1938 and worked and lived at Plas Hafod (SJ 213 634).  We could see the upper part of the hill from the farm and Jo said that it’s known as Hafod Mountain and that a part of the hill that is farther over and lower is known as Hafod Moor and explained that when the lead mines were operating in the 1800s the hill was known as Mold Mountain.

The Trimble GeoXH 6000 gathering data at the summit of Hafod Mountain

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau is Hafod Mountain, and this was derived from local enquiry.

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Moel y Gamelin

Name:  Hafod Mountain

Previously Listed Name:  Bryn Gwernymynydd

OS 1:50,000 map:  117

Summit Height:  285.9m (converted to OSGM15)

Summit Grid Reference:  SJ 21171 63090

Bwlch Height:  241m (spot height)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SJ 21185 62473 (spot height)

Drop:  45m (Trimble GeoXH 6000 summit and spot height bwlch)

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Cymin (SO 527 125) - 37th significant name change

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height, their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Cymin (SO 527 125)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales - Welsh P30 hills whose prominence  equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height, with the Introduction to the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

The hill is adjoined to the Fforest y Ddena group of hills which are situated in the south-eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the A4136 road to its north and the A466 road to its south-west, and has the town of Trefynwy (Monmouth) towards the west.

The hill appeared in the original 200m Welsh P30 list on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website under the name of Kymin Tower, which is a name that appeared near the summit of this hill on Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Outdoor Leisure maps of the day.

Kymin Tower

250c

SO528124

162

14

During my early hill listing I paid little regard to name placement on the map, or the meaning of names and to what feature the name was appropriately applied to.  Therefore I prioritised names for listing purposes that I now understand are either inappropriate or where another name is viewed as being more appropriate.  The name of Kymin Tower refers to an 18^th century round house and naval temple that are positioned on the summit area of this hill, as these are inanimate objects a name that refers directly to the hill is more appropriate.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

Contemporary Ordnance Survey maps use the name Kymin which is positioned near the summit of this hill.  This form of this name also appears in a number of online sources.  The word Kymin is anglicised from the Welsh word Cymin, meaning common or unenclosed land, with the definite article ‘Y’ lost as evidenced in the anglicised form (Place-names of Gwent, Richard Morgan, Gwasg Carreg Gwalch 2005).

The intricacies of language and prioritising one in favour of another for listing a hill is fraught with complication, with originating Cymraeg names being anglicised and also originating English names being cymricised, examples such as these are more common in border country and especially so for anglicised forms.  There is no steadfast rule that fits all, but as a standard a name that has its origins in the Welsh language and where this is substantiated by either historic documentation and / or contemporary usage should be prioritised in favour of a contemporary anglicised or English version of the name.  Likewise, if a name exists where an element of it is in English and if this name applies to a hill that is situated in a Welsh speaking part of Wales it is standard practice to use a full Welsh term for the name.  It is also standard practice to use a Welsh name for a hill if another name exists that has originated in a different language.

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Cymin, and this was derived from the anglicised form that appears on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps. 

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Fforest y Ddena

Name:  Cymin

Previously Listed Name:  Kymin Tower

OS 1:50,000 map:  162

Summit Height:  256.4m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 52771 12511 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  170.6m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 53644 12441 (LIDAR)

Drop:  85.8m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  33.47% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (April 2020)

Mapping Mountains - Significant Name Changes - 200m Twmpau

Coed y Bwnydd (SO 366 069) - 36th significant name change

Hill Reclassifications post for Coed y Bwnydd

Summit Relocations post for Coed y Bwnydd

Significant Height Revisions post for Coed y Bwnydd

There has been a Significant Name Change to a hill that is listed in the 200m Twmpau and the Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales, with the summit height, bwlch height and their locations, the drop, dominance and status of the hill confirmed by LIDAR analysis conducted by Myrddyn Phillips.

LIDAR image of Coed y Bwnydd (SO 366 069)

The criteria for the two listings that this name change applies to are:

200m Twmpau - Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 30m minimum drop, with an accompanying sub list entitled the 200m Sub-Twmpau with the criteria for this sub category being all Welsh hills at or above 200m and below 300m in height with 20m or more and below 30m of drop, with the word Twmpau being an acronym standing for thirty welsh metre prominences and upward.

200m Twmpau by Myrddyn Phillips

Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales – Welsh P30 hills whose prominence equal or exceed half that of their absolute height.  With the criteria for Lesser Dominant status being those additional Welsh P30 hills whose prominence is between one third and half that of their absolute height.  The list is authored by Myrddyn Phillips with the Introduction to the start of the Mapping Mountains publication of this list appearing on the 3^rd December 2015, and which is now available in its entirety on Mapping Mountains in Google Doc format.

Y Trechol - The Dominant Hills of Wales by Myrddyn Phillips

The hill is adjoined to the Mynyddoedd Duon group of hills which are situated in the eastern part of South Wales (Region C, Sub-Region C3), and it is positioned with the Afon Wysg (River Usk) and the B4598 road to its west, the A40 road to its north and the A449 road to its east, and has the village of Raglan towards the east north-east and the town of Brynbuga (Usk) towards the south south-east.

When the original 100m height band of Welsh P30 hills were published on Geoff Crowder’s v-g.me website this hill was listed under the name of Clytha Hill, which is a prominent name that appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map close to what was thought to be the summit of this hill.

Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 Explorer map

LIDAR analysis has relocated the summit position of this hill from a 196m point that was given as two spot heights that are positioned close to where the name of Clytha Hill appears on contemporary Ordnance Survey maps to a higher 201.4m summit positioned at SO 36613 06919.  This higher summit is situated in woodland that is named on the map as Coed y Bwnydd.  This name appears on the contemporary Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 Landranger and 1:25,000 Explorer map and its position in relation to the summit of this hill is substantiated via the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps.

LIDAR summit image of Coed y Bwnydd (SO 366 069)

Extract from the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps

Therefore, the name this hill is now listed by in the 200m Twmpau and Y Trechol – The Dominant Hills of Wales is Coed y Bwnydd, and this name was derived from contemporary Ordnance Survey maps and its position in relation to the summit of this hill substantiated via the Ordnance Survey series of Six-Inch maps.  

The full details for the hill are:

Group:  Mynyddoedd Duon

Name:  Coed y Bwnydd

Previously Listed Name:  Clytha Hill 

  

OS 1:50,000 map:  161

Summit Height:  201.4m (LIDAR)

Summit Grid Reference:  SO 36613 06919 (LIDAR)

Bwlch Height:  59.4m (LIDAR)

Bwlch Grid Reference:  SO 39308 08901 (LIDAR)

Drop:  142.0m (LIDAR)

Dominance:  70.50% (LIDAR)

Myrddyn Phillips (February 2020)